White lupine as a way to improve the biochemical and economic indicators of diets of non-great apes

The article is devoted to the current problem of providing rations with a source of protein with a high biological value. Such a source is suggested to be white lupine and products of its processing. Since, white lupine exceeds the protein content of peas, vetch and other legumes by more than 10%. And the significant content of fat in its composition allows, when using it, to reduce or completely abandon the use of sunflower oil in the diet. This favorably distinguishes white lupine from soybean and sunflower meal and cake, as well as partially animal feed, which are currently used as the main sources of fodder protein. This statement is confirmed in our experiments. As a result, it was found that the use of white lupine in the structures of complete feeds can improve the nutritional value of rations. It has a positive effect on the increase in live weight in animals with the inclusion of native white lupine in the structure of the diet in an amount of 10% to 33%, respectively, with a content of lupine in the diet of 20%, the increase in live weight is 95% higher. Provides a decrease in the cost of the resulting complete feed, when lupine is included in its structure in an amount of 10% by 4.35% and with a lupine content of 20%, the cost of 1 kg of compound feed is reduced by 14.49%. The use of white lupine allowed the experimental animals to use the food efficiently. The lowest costs were observed in the 3 test group. Energy costs were lower by 48.80%, crude protein by 47.22% and digestible protein by 51.3%. In the 2 experimental groups, the costs of metabolic energy, crude protein and digestible protein were lower by 25.00%, 26.38% and 39.20, respectively. Thus, the inclusion of white lupine in the structure of the diet helps to improve the nutritional value of rations, to reduce the cost of nutrients and feed, improving the economic indicators of the maintenance of animals.

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Fattening of Young Beef Cattle on Hay Diets

KnE Life Sciences ◽

10.18502/kls.v4i14.5669 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Nina Tatarkina ◽

Ekaterina Ponomareva ◽

Firdus Safin

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Live Weight ◽

Metabolic Energy ◽

Young Cattle ◽

Group 2 ◽

The Cost ◽

Perennial Legumes ◽

Experimental Group ◽

Feed Unit

The article presents the results of studies on the use of hayfood rations from perennial legumes prepared in packaging film for feeding young cattle. The diets of feeding young cattle are balanced according to the main elements of nutrition, which made it possible to obtain average daily gains at the level of 10220–1244 grams. The nutritional value of the diets was almost the same in the groups and amounted to 9.33–9.39 energetic feed unit. It was found that animals treated with alfalfa and goat senator digested dry matter better by 7.83 and 3.4 %, crude protein by 5.41 and 1.87 %; crude fat by 19.89 and 4.67 %, crude fiber by 16.46 and 14.10 % compared with calves receiving clover hay, respectively. Using silage diets from these crops improves energy metabolism. The coefficient of productive use of metabolic energy by animals of the 3rd experimental group was 43.91 %, which is 5.15 % more than in the 1st experimental group, by 8.60 % from the 2nd experimental group. Animals of the 3 experimental groups were characterized by a higher slaughter yield, in comparison with other groups. The cost of feed per unit of increase in live weight of animals in group 2 was 9.19 energetic feed unit, which is 0.9 energetic feed unit and 1.73 energetic feed unit less than in 1 and 3 groups.

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Release of main nutrients under the influence of enzymes in vitro conditions

Feeds and Feed Production ◽

10.31073/kormovyrobnytstvo202191-12 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 137-145

Author(s):

A.V. Hutsol ◽

V.Yu. Novakovska ◽

N.V. Hutsol ◽

V.V. Honcharuk

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Biologically Active ◽

Metabolic Energy ◽

Neutral Protease ◽

Crude Fiber ◽

Essential Nutrients ◽

Digestible Protein ◽

Positive Effect

Purpose. To investigate the active effect of α-amylase, cellulase, neutral protease on the release of essential nutrients in vitro in the incubation medium. The task is to determine the effect of enzyme preparations on the in vitro decomposition of feed nutrients. Methods. In the process of the research general scientific methods were used: deduction, scientific hypothesis and abstraction. Methods of zootechnical analysis and active action of feed enzymes were used to determine the chemical composition of feed. Results. Solving the problem of improving the efficiency of digestion and assimilation of nutrients and biologically active substances of feed, clarifying the conditions, nature of processes and mechanisms that determine the intensity of digestion of feed in the digestive tract, is crucial in improving production efficiency. Studies have shown that the incubation of feed with different enzyme compositions had positive results. Due to the action of enzyme compositions including α-amylase, cellulase, neutral protease in different proportions, a positive effect of incubation of feed substrate on the content of crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, crude ash, nitrogen-free extractives has been achieved. The nutritional value of compound feed (digestible protein, metabolic energy) after the introduction of enzyme compositions was determined by the calculation method. Conclusions. These data indicate a positive effect of different compositions of enzymes of cellulase, α-amylase and neutral protease on the level of the breakdown of essential nutrients in feed in vitro. The most effective result was found in the combination of feed with an enzyme composition in the amount of 5 g of cellulase, 1 g of α-amylase, 1 g of neutral protease, which leads to a decrease of crude fiber content by 3.1% compared to the control. Instead, the content of crude protein increased by 2.0%, crude fat – by 0.4%, crude ash – by 0.5%, BER – by 0.2% compared to the control. There are positive changes in nutritional value, digestible protein – by 9.4%, metabolic energy – by 2.9% compared to the control.

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The efficiency of food utilization for egg production by pullets and yearling hens

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859600029683 ◽

1959 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 364-368 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

W. Bolton

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Egg Production ◽

High Energy ◽

Metabolizable Energy ◽

Low Energy ◽

Food Utilization ◽

Digestible Energy ◽

Digestible Protein ◽

The Cost ◽

Low Energy Diet

1. The efficiency of food conversion by pullets and yearlings fed on high- and low-energy diets has been determined.2. Egg production was slightly higher by birds fed the low-energy diet for both pullets and yearling hens; pullets laid more eggs than yearling hens.3. For each age, the gross food intake was greater for birds fed the low-energy diet; the consumptions of digestible protein, non-protein digestible energy and metabolizable energy were the same for both diets and both ages of bird.4. The food cost per dozen eggs was slightly greater in the yearling year when the cost of rearing the pullets was ignored, and about the same when it was included.5. The efficiency of utilization of digestible energy and protein showed only a slight decrease from the pullet to the yearling year.6. The variation in the composition and digestibility of eighteen consecutive mixes of the highenergy diet and twenty-five of the low-energy diet was: crude protein 2%, non-protein digestible energy 5% and metabolizable energy 0·4 kg. cal./g. The digestibility of the crude protein and oil was 87%, for both diets; carbohydrates were 81% digestible in the high-energy diet and 59% in the low-energy diet.

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EVALUATION OF NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF GRAIN-HAYLAGE FROM LUPIN, OAT AND SUDAN GRASS

Adaptive Fodder Production ◽

10.33814/afp-2222-5366-2020-1-63-69 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (1) ◽

pp. 63-69

Author(s):

Valentina Ruckaya ◽

Alexander Sorokin ◽

Elena Afonina ◽

Natal'ya ZAYCEVA

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Single Species ◽

Matter Content ◽

Metabolic Energy ◽

White Lupin ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Sudan Grass ◽

Sowing Period

The average data for 2018–2019 are presented for yield, dry matter content in grain-haylage mass, nutritional value of test grain-haylage samples produced from plant mass of white lupin, oat and Sudan grass from single and mixed cenosis of different sowing times. The grain-haylage mass was harvested in the phase of brilliantly ripening lupin bean, milky-waxy ripeness of oats and the end of flowering of the Sudan grass. It’s revealed that variants of the second sowing date — 2 decade of May — have the best yield of grain-haylage mass and its dry matter content. The yield of grain-haylage mass in the best variants of the second sowing period exceeded by 7–8 t/ha. According to the nutritional value of grain silage samples (the content of metabolic energy, crude protein, crude ash and carotene), the best results were obtained in most variants of the first sowing period. In content of the metabolic energy and crude protein of 1 kg of dry matter of grain-haylage, the best were variants of the single-species cenosis of lupine and its mixture with oats of the first sowing period. Variants of single-species sowing of lupine and Sudan grass were distinguished by the content of carotene.

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Productivity of young sheep of Romanov breed at diff erent level of feeding

Kormlenie sel'skohozjajstvennyh zhivotnyh i kormoproizvodstvo (Feeding of agricultural animals and feed production) ◽

10.33920/sel-05-2201-05 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 50-62

Author(s):

V. G. Dvalivishvili ◽

◽

A. S. Khodov ◽

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Energy ◽

Control Group ◽

Sheep Breeding ◽

Slaughter Weight ◽

Intensive Rearing ◽

Experimental Feeding ◽

Tver Region ◽

The Difference ◽

The Cost ◽

Experimental Group

The purpose of the research was a comparative study of the efficiency of feed use and the productivity of young sheep at different feeding levels, as well as clarifying the norms of metabolic energy and raw protein for growing young rams of Romanov breed with intensive rearing and fattening at the age of 3 to 10 months. Scientifi c and economic experiment has been carried out in the sheep breeding complex of the breeding farm in the OOO Farm “Pokrov” in the Zubtsovsky area in the Tver region. After weaning of sheep at the age of 3 months, 2 groups of young rams and 2 groups of young ewes have been formed, from twin litters per 15 heads in each. It has been found that the intensity of the growth of young rams was higher at both levels of rearing and fattening. The young rams of the 1st control group grew by 16,61 kg during the experimental feeding period, and the young ewes by 9,62 kg. In animals of the 2nd experimental group, the difference was 5,52 kg or 32,8 % in favor of the young rams. All indicators of the slaughter of young rams, depending on the level of feeding diff ered significantly. Thus, the difference in removable weight was 5,77 kg or 17,7 % in favor of animals of the 2nd experimental group. The difference between the groups by pre-slaughter weight was 5,74 kg or 19,2 % (P ≤ 0,001). By weight of the hot carcass, the sheep of the 2nd experimental group significantly exceeded the 1st control group by 2,82 kg or 21,3 % (P ≤ 0,01), by slaughter weight the difference was 3,97 kg or 29,0 % (P ≤ 0,01). The slaughter yield increased from 45,7 to 49,5 % or 3,8 abs.%. Age affects the efficiency of mutton production. Thus, the cost of 1 kg of mutton did not diff er from 7-month-old and 10–month-old rams, and feed expenditures increased significantly, therefore the prime-cost of mutton in older animals also increased, and the profitability of production decreased. Therefore, the slaughter of animals and the sale of mutton under intensive rearing is more effective at the age of 7 months.

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Super dose of phytase in compound feed for turkey poults

Kormlenie sel'skohozjajstvennyh zhivotnyh i kormoproizvodstvo (Feeding of agricultural animals and feed production) ◽

10.33920/sel-05-2009-02 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 12-19

Author(s):

N. Kolokolnikov ◽

E. Amiranashvili ◽

A. Yatsishin ◽

E. Chaunina ◽

I. Mezentsev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Animal Feed ◽

Live Weight ◽

Negative Influence ◽

Economic Indicators ◽

Control Group ◽

Meat Production ◽

Turkey Poults ◽

High Doses ◽

The Cost ◽

Experimental Group

In the practice of feeding poultry enzyme drugs are widely used that contribute to the effective transformation of feed components into poultry products. Reducing the cost of compound feed for poultry due to the introduction of enzyme drugs is of great interest, both from a scientific and practical point of view. More than 2/3 of phosphorus in plant feeds is represented in the form of phytate and in this form the element is only partially absorbed in the poultry body. Accordingly to cover the need for phosphorus in plant diets include inorganic phosphates, animal feed and the enzyme phytase (breaks down phytate). This makes phosphorus the third most expensive feed component after energy and protein. The purpose of the researches was to study the effectiveness of using super dose commercial phytase in feeding of turkey poults. The results of research on the use of high doses of phytase in the diet of turkey poults of cross Hybrid Converter have been presented. It has been found that the use of compound feeds containing the super dose of phytase in the rearing of broiler turkey poults does not have a negative influence on the zootechnical indicators of poultry rearing, meat productivity, and increases the economic indicators of meat production. The results on base the experiment, economic indicators have been calculated. It has been found that the cost of 1 ton of compound feed consumed in the experimental group was less than in the control group by 166,28 rubles or 0,7 %. The use of high doses of phytase in the diet of turkey poults of the experimental group allowed to reduce the cost of growth of 1 kg of live weight by 4,7 % and increase the profitability of meat production.

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Milk productivity and quality of milk of cows of Black-and-White breed when feeding a balanced feed complex Felucen K 1–2

Kormlenie sel'skohozjajstvennyh zhivotnyh i kormoproizvodstvo (Feeding of agricultural animals and feed production) ◽

10.33920/sel-05-2005-02 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 17-28

Author(s):

V. Minibaev ◽

N. Gubaidullin

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Metabolic Energy ◽

Crude Fiber ◽

Feed Consumption ◽

Control Group ◽

Milk Productivity ◽

Black And White ◽

White Breed ◽

Digestible Protein

The analysis of the literature data shows that there is not enough information on the enrichment of the ration of cows of Black-and-White breed with a balanced feed complex Felucen K 1–2 that has caused the relevance of our researches. The purpose of the research was to increase the productive qualities of cows Black-and-White breed when using different doses of the balanced feed complex Felucen K 1–2 in their ration. The studies have been carried out in the Southern Urals, the optimal dose of use of feed complex Felucen K 1–2 that enhance milk productivity of cows of Black-and-White breed. According to the scheme of the experiment cows of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th experimental groups have been additionally fed to main ration 300 g, 350 and 400 g of the balanced feed complex Felucen K 1–2, consisting of vegetable protein and fat, easily fermentable carbohydrates, high-purity sodium chloride, macronutrients, trace elements, and vitamins. Animals of the 1st group have been served as control and complex Felucen have not been received. Studies have shown that cows of the 1st control group used less dry matter, EFU, metabolic energy, digestible protein, crude protein, crude fiber, and crude fat than their experimental herdmates. Thus, the superiority of cows of the experimental groups over the herdmates of the 1st control group in terms of EFU was 93,1–231,2 kg; metabolic energy – 933,7–2314,7 MJ; dry matter – 9,0–125,8; digestible protein – 8,9–29,7; crude protein – 4,6–18,3; crude fiber-13,1–48,4; crude fat – 11,6–21,0 kg. Animals of all experimental groups in comparison with the control group exceeded in terms of milk yield for 305 days of lactation by 435,2 kg or 6,60 % (P < 0,001); 814,4 kg or 12,34 % (P < 0,001); 684,1 kg or 10,37 % (P < 0,001); for 100 days of lactation – by 98,7 kg or 4,28 % (P < 0,001); 191,0 kg or 8,29 % (P < 0,001) and 167,8 kg or 7,28 % (p<0,001), respectively. The use of Felucen K 1–2 feed complex in the rations of lactating Black-and-White cows has shown its effectiveness, which has affected the feed consumption and effectiveness of their use, hematological indicators, the level of milk productivity and milk quality. From an economic point of view the dose of 350 g of balanced feed complex Felucen To 1–2 per animal per day is more reasonable.

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Cultivation of Sudan grass mixed with Australian winter pea in Cisbaikalia

Кормопроизводство ◽

10.25685/krm.2021.2021.2.002 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 10-14

Author(s):

В.А. Агафонов ◽

Б.Е. Викторович

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Crude Fiber ◽

Forest Steppe ◽

Seeding Rate ◽

High Quality ◽

Sudan Grass ◽

Affected Plant ◽

Digestible Protein ◽

Feed Unit

В статье представлены научные исследования, проведённые в условиях лесостепной зоны Прибайкалья, по изучению суданково-пелюшковых травостоев с целью определения наиболее высокой продуктивности, кормового достоинства и питательной ценности агроценозов. Исследования проводились на опытном поле Иркутского НИИСХ в 2018–2020 годах. В опыте изучались суданская трава в одновидовом посеве и её смеси с горохом полевым (пелюшкой) в разных соотношениях компонентов при скашивании травостоя в разные фазы вегетации растений. Установлено, что на продуктивность и качественные показатели агроценозов непосредственное влияние оказывали нормы высева компонентов и фазы вегетации растений непосредственно перед уборкой. Самые высокие показатели продуктивности в первом и втором укосах получены в варианте суданская трава 70% + пелюшка 50%. Данный вариант при позднем сроке уборки обеспечил сбор кормопротеиновых единиц и обменной энергии 5,3 т/га и 36,3 ГДж/га соответственно, что на 60,6 и 31,5% выше, чем при раннем сроке. За 3 года изучения смешанных посевов были определены оптимальные сроки скашивания травостоя, влияющие на качественные показатели зелёной массы. Наиболее высокое содержание переваримого протеина в 1 корм. ед. (144,2 г) получено при посеве суданской травы с пелюшкой с нормой высева компонентов 70:60% и первом сроке скашивания травостоя. Однако данный посев при первом сроке уборки по обеспеченности кормопротеиновыми единицами — важному показателю кормового достоинства — на 36,8% был ниже, чем при втором сроке скашивания. Питательная ценность зелёной массы определялась такими показателями, как сырой протеин, сырая клетчатка, сырая зола, сахар, энергия. Высокая обеспеченность корма по данным показателям получена в смеси суданской травы с пелюшкой при соотношении всхожих семян 70:60% в поздние фазы развития растений — соответственно 46,4, 70,4, 13,7, 17,4 г и 2,91 МДж. This article reports on ecosystems of Sudan grass and Australian winter pea in the forest-steppe of Cisbaikalia. The aim was to test their productivity, forage quality and nutritional value. The investigation took place at the Irkutsk Research Institute of Agriculture in 2018–2020. The experimental variants were Sudan grass monoculture and its mixtures with Australian winter pea of various ratios. Cutting occurred at different growing stages. Seeding rate and cutting time affected plant productivity and quality. Seeding 70% of Sudan grass with 50% of Australian winter pea resulted in high quality mass in the first and second cuts. This mixture yielded 5.3 t ha-1 and 36.3 GJ ha-1 of feed and protein units in the second cut exceeding the first one by 60.6 and 31.5%, respectively. Optimal cutting time was determined. Plant ratio of 70:60% (Sudan grass:Australian winter pea) provided the highest quantity of digestible protein in 1 feed unit (144.2 g) in the first cut. However, this mixture yielded 36.8% less feed and protein units in the first cut. Nutritional value was determined according to crude protein, crude fiber, crude ash, sugar and energy contents. These parameters amounted to 46.4, 70.4, 13.7, 17.4 g and 2.91 MJ, respectively, in the variant of Sudan grass-Australian winter pea (70:60%) in the second cut.

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Phytocorrection of biochemical status and productivity when fattening barrows on low-protein diets enriched with essential amino acids

Genetika i razvedenie zhivotnyh ◽

10.31043/2410-2733-2020-4-73-79 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 73-79

Author(s):

A. G. Solovieva ◽

K. T. Erimbetov ◽

O. V. Obvintseva

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Average Daily Gain ◽

Live Weight ◽

Essential Amino Acids ◽

Metabolic Energy ◽

Large White ◽

Low Protein ◽

Protein Diets ◽

Experimental Group

The effect of the plant ecdysteroid-containing preparation of Leuzea extract on the metabolism and productivity of barrows (three-breed crossbreeds Landrace × large white × Duroc) during fattening on low-protein diets enriched with essential amino acids from 130 to 212 days old was studied for the first time. In the control and experimental groups, a low-protein barley-wheat diet with the addition of essential amino acids contained (g / kg) crude protein - 108 g, metabolic energy - 12.5 MJ, lysine - 7.6 g, threonine - 5.4 g, methionine - 5.2 g. In the experimental group, liquid extract of leuzea was introduced into the feed, at the rate of 190 mg / kg. Feeding the barrows during the fattening period of the leuzea extract contributed to an increase in the efficiency of the use of nutrients in biosynthetic processes in animals. In the barrows of the experimental group, the concentrations of total protein (P≤0.05), albumin (P≤0.05), creatinine (P≤0.05), lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, alkaline phosphatase activity at a lower level were statistically significantly higher urea (16.1%, P≤0.05) and glucose (P≤0.05). In the experimental group, during the period of fattening, the average daily gain in live weight was higher (by 10.2%, P≤0.05), the yield in the carcass of muscle tissue (P≤0.05), the indices of lean and meatiness, and lower the cost of feed (P≤ 0.05), crude protein (P≤0.05) and exchange energy (P≤0.05) per 1 kg of gain in live weight, output of subcutaneous adipose tissue and internal fat in comparison with the control. It was concluded that the use of a leuzea extract containing phytoecdysteroids, while feeding low-protein diets enriched with lysine, methionine and threonine, corrects metabolic processes, stimulating the biosynthesis of meat components, and thereby contributes to an increase in the productivity of barrows during fattening.

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