scholarly journals Release of main nutrients under the influence of enzymes in vitro conditions

1970 ◽  
pp. 137-145
Author(s):  
A.V. Hutsol ◽  
V.Yu. Novakovska ◽  
N.V. Hutsol ◽  
V.V. Honcharuk
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Neutral Protease ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Essential Nutrients ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Positive Effect

Purpose. To investigate the active effect of α-amylase, cellulase, neutral protease on the release of essential nutrients in vitro in the incubation medium. The task is to determine the effect of enzyme preparations on the in vitro decomposition of feed nutrients. Methods. In the process of the research general scientific methods were used: deduction, scientific hypothesis and abstraction. Methods of zootechnical analysis and active action of feed enzymes were used to determine the chemical composition of feed. Results. Solving the problem of improving the efficiency of digestion and assimilation of nutrients and biologically active substances of feed, clarifying the conditions, nature of processes and mechanisms that determine the intensity of digestion of feed in the digestive tract, is crucial in improving production efficiency. Studies have shown that the incubation of feed with different enzyme compositions had positive results. Due to the action of enzyme compositions including α-amylase, cellulase, neutral protease in different proportions, a positive effect of incubation of feed substrate on the content of crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, crude ash, nitrogen-free extractives has been achieved. The nutritional value of compound feed (digestible protein, metabolic energy) after the introduction of enzyme compositions was determined by the calculation method. Conclusions. These data indicate a positive effect of different compositions of enzymes of cellulase, α-amylase and neutral protease on the level of the breakdown of essential nutrients in feed in vitro. The most effective result was found in the combination of feed with an enzyme composition in the amount of 5 g of cellulase, 1 g of α-amylase, 1 g of neutral protease, which leads to a decrease of crude fiber content by 3.1% compared to the control. Instead, the content of crude protein increased by 2.0%, crude fat – by 0.4%, crude ash – by 0.5%, BER – by 0.2% compared to the control. There are positive changes in nutritional value, digestible protein – by 9.4%, metabolic energy – by 2.9% compared to the control.

scholarly journals WHITE LUPINE IN FULL-COMPLETE FEEDS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
pp. 60-70
Author(s):  
Nikolay Gaponov
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
White Lupine ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Positive Effect

The article is devoted to the current problem of providing rations with a source of protein with a high biological value. Such a source is suggested to be white lupine and products of its processing. Since, white lupine exceeds the protein content of peas, vetch and other legumes by more than 10%. And the significant content of fat in its composition allows, when using it, to reduce or completely abandon the use of sunflower oil in the diet. This favorably distinguishes white lupine from soybean and sunflower meal and cake, as well as partially animal feed, which are currently used as the main sources of fodder protein. This statement is confirmed in our experiments. As a result, it was found that the use of white lupine in the structures of complete feeds can improve the nutritional value of rations. It has a positive effect on the increase in live weight in animals with the inclusion of native white lupine in the structure of the diet in an amount of 10% to 33%, respectively, with a content of lupine in the diet of 20%, the increase in live weight is 95% higher. Provides a decrease in the cost of the resulting complete feed, when lupine is included in its structure in an amount of 10% by 4.35% and with a lupine content of 20%, the cost of 1 kg of compound feed is reduced by 14.49%. The use of white lupine allowed the experimental animals to use the food efficiently. The lowest costs were observed in the 3 test group. Energy costs were lower by 48.80%, crude protein by 47.22% and digestible protein by 51.3%. In the 2 experimental groups, the costs of metabolic energy, crude protein and digestible protein were lower by 25.00%, 26.38% and 39.20, respectively. Thus, the inclusion of white lupine in the structure of the diet helps to improve the nutritional value of rations, to reduce the cost of nutrients and feed, improving the economic indicators of the maintenance of animals.

Milk productivity and quality of milk of cows of Black-and-White breed when feeding a balanced feed complex Felucen K 1–2

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
V. Minibaev ◽  
N. Gubaidullin
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Milk Productivity ◽  
Black And White ◽  
White Breed ◽  
Digestible Protein

The analysis of the literature data shows that there is not enough information on the enrichment of the ration of cows of Black-and-White breed with a balanced feed complex Felucen K 1–2 that has caused the relevance of our researches. The purpose of the research was to increase the productive qualities of cows Black-and-White breed when using different doses of the balanced feed complex Felucen K 1–2 in their ration. The studies have been carried out in the Southern Urals, the optimal dose of use of feed complex Felucen K 1–2 that enhance milk productivity of cows of Black-and-White breed. According to the scheme of the experiment cows of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th experimental groups have been additionally fed to main ration 300 g, 350 and 400 g of the balanced feed complex Felucen K 1–2, consisting of vegetable protein and fat, easily fermentable carbohydrates, high-purity sodium chloride, macronutrients, trace elements, and vitamins. Animals of the 1st group have been served as control and complex Felucen have not been received. Studies have shown that cows of the 1st control group used less dry matter, EFU, metabolic energy, digestible protein, crude protein, crude fiber, and crude fat than their experimental herdmates. Thus, the superiority of cows of the experimental groups over the herdmates of the 1st control group in terms of EFU was 93,1–231,2 kg; metabolic energy – 933,7–2314,7 MJ; dry matter – 9,0–125,8; digestible protein – 8,9–29,7; crude protein – 4,6–18,3; crude fiber-13,1–48,4; crude fat – 11,6–21,0 kg. Animals of all experimental groups in comparison with the control group exceeded in terms of milk yield for 305 days of lactation by 435,2 kg or 6,60 % (P < 0,001); 814,4 kg or 12,34 % (P < 0,001); 684,1 kg or 10,37 % (P < 0,001); for 100 days of lactation – by 98,7 kg or 4,28 % (P < 0,001); 191,0 kg or 8,29 % (P < 0,001) and 167,8 kg or 7,28 % (p<0,001), respectively. The use of Felucen K 1–2 feed complex in the rations of lactating Black-and-White cows has shown its effectiveness, which has affected the feed consumption and effectiveness of their use, hematological indicators, the level of milk productivity and milk quality. From an economic point of view the dose of 350 g of balanced feed complex Felucen To 1–2 per animal per day is more reasonable.

Cultivation of Sudan grass mixed with Australian winter pea in Cisbaikalia

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
В.А. Агафонов ◽  
Б.Е. Викторович
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Affected Plant ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
Feed Unit

В статье представлены научные исследования, проведённые в условиях лесостепной зоны Прибайкалья, по изучению суданково-пелюшковых травостоев с целью определения наиболее высокой продуктивности, кормового достоинства и питательной ценности агроценозов. Исследования проводились на опытном поле Иркутского НИИСХ в 2018–2020 годах. В опыте изучались суданская трава в одновидовом посеве и её смеси с горохом полевым (пелюшкой) в разных соотношениях компонентов при скашивании травостоя в разные фазы вегетации растений. Установлено, что на продуктивность и качественные показатели агроценозов непосредственное влияние оказывали нормы высева компонентов и фазы вегетации растений непосредственно перед уборкой. Самые высокие показатели продуктивности в первом и втором укосах получены в варианте суданская трава 70% + пелюшка 50%. Данный вариант при позднем сроке уборки обеспечил сбор кормопротеиновых единиц и обменной энергии 5,3 т/га и 36,3 ГДж/га соответственно, что на 60,6 и 31,5% выше, чем при раннем сроке. За 3 года изучения смешанных посевов были определены оптимальные сроки скашивания травостоя, влияющие на качественные показатели зелёной массы. Наиболее высокое содержание переваримого протеина в 1 корм. ед. (144,2 г) получено при посеве суданской травы с пелюшкой с нормой высева компонентов 70:60% и первом сроке скашивания травостоя. Однако данный посев при первом сроке уборки по обеспеченности кормопротеиновыми единицами — важному показателю кормового достоинства — на 36,8% был ниже, чем при втором сроке скашивания. Питательная ценность зелёной массы определялась такими показателями, как сырой протеин, сырая клетчатка, сырая зола, сахар, энергия. Высокая обеспеченность корма по данным показателям получена в смеси суданской травы с пелюшкой при соотношении всхожих семян 70:60% в поздние фазы развития растений — соответственно 46,4, 70,4, 13,7, 17,4 г и 2,91 МДж. This article reports on ecosystems of Sudan grass and Australian winter pea in the forest-steppe of Cisbaikalia. The aim was to test their productivity, forage quality and nutritional value. The investigation took place at the Irkutsk Research Institute of Agriculture in 2018–2020. The experimental variants were Sudan grass monoculture and its mixtures with Australian winter pea of various ratios. Cutting occurred at different growing stages. Seeding rate and cutting time affected plant productivity and quality. Seeding 70% of Sudan grass with 50% of Australian winter pea resulted in high quality mass in the first and second cuts. This mixture yielded 5.3 t ha-1 and 36.3 GJ ha-1 of feed and protein units in the second cut exceeding the first one by 60.6 and 31.5%, respectively. Optimal cutting time was determined. Plant ratio of 70:60% (Sudan grass:Australian winter pea) provided the highest quantity of digestible protein in 1 feed unit (144.2 g) in the first cut. However, this mixture yielded 36.8% less feed and protein units in the first cut. Nutritional value was determined according to crude protein, crude fiber, crude ash, sugar and energy contents. These parameters amounted to 46.4, 70.4, 13.7, 17.4 g and 2.91 MJ, respectively, in the variant of Sudan grass-Australian winter pea (70:60%) in the second cut.

scholarly journals ADDITION OF TOFU WASTE TO CONCENTRAT FEED ON RUMINANT ANIMAL VALUE

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Engkus Ainul Yakin ◽  
Sri Sukaryani ◽  
Catur Suci Purwati ◽  
Desi Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Ruminant Animal ◽  
Significant Difference

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the addition of tofu waste in concentrate feed on the nutritional value of ruminant animal feed. Concentrate feed used in this study uses concentrated feed for sheep. Tofu waste was obtained from the place of making tofu in Girimarto sub-district, Wonogiri Regency. The research method used was concentrate feed for sheep given the addition of tofu waste. The study used 3 treatments namely T0 = Concentrate without the addition of tofu waste (control), T1 = Concentrate with 10% tofu waste addition, and T2 = Concentrate with 20% tofu waste addition. The results of the study were analyzed in the laboratory to determine the nutritional value of sheep feed. The study was designed with a completely randomized design. Observation parameters of nutritional value of feed include dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber and in vitro digestibility. The results showed that dry matter content was 78.54 ± 0.23% and crude protein was 16.63 ± 0.46% with the addition of tofu waste until 20% showed a significant difference, whereas crude fiber was 20.37 ± 0.48 % showed no significant difference, while the dry matter digestibility and organic matter digestibility  showed no significant difference. The conclusion of this study was the addition of tofu waste in the concentrate had an effect on the dry matter and crude protein, but not significantly different on crude fiber. The addition of tofu waste to the concentrate did not affect the digestibility of dry matter or the digestibility of organic matter.Key words : Animal feed, concentrate,  in vitro digestibility, tofu waste

scholarly journals White lupine as a way to improve the biochemical and economic indicators of diets of non-great apes

2021 ◽  
Vol 282 ◽  
pp. 04012
Author(s):  
N.V. Gaponov ◽  
J.L. Nersesyan ◽  
O.P. Neverova
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Test Group ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
White Lupine ◽  
Digestible Protein ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Experimental Group

The article is devoted to the current problem of providing rations with a source of protein with a high biological value. Such a source is suggested to be white lupine and products of its processing. Since, white lupine exceeds the protein content of peas, vetch and other legumes by more than 10%. And the significant content of fat in its composition allows, when using it, to reduce or completely abandon the use of sunflower oil in the diet. The use of white lupine allowed the experimental primates to use the food efficiently. The lowest costs were observed in the 3-test group. Energy costs were lower by 48.80%, crude protein by 47.22% and digestible protein by 51.3%. In the 2-experimental group, the costs of metabolic energy, crude protein and digestible protein were lower by 25.00%, 26.38% and 39.20, respectively. Thus, the inclusion of white lupine in the structure of the diet helps to improve the nutritional value of rations, to reduce the cost of nutrients and feed, improving the economic indicators of the maintenance of primates.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF GRAIN-HAYLAGE FROM LUPIN, OAT AND SUDAN GRASS

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Valentina Ruckaya ◽  
Alexander Sorokin ◽  
Elena Afonina ◽  
Natal'ya ZAYCEVA
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Sudan Grass ◽  
Sowing Period

The average data for 2018–2019 are presented for yield, dry matter content in grain-haylage mass, nutritional value of test grain-haylage samples produced from plant mass of white lupin, oat and Sudan grass from single and mixed cenosis of different sowing times. The grain-haylage mass was harvested in the phase of brilliantly ripening lupin bean, milky-waxy ripeness of oats and the end of flowering of the Sudan grass. It’s revealed that variants of the second sowing date — 2 decade of May — have the best yield of grain-haylage mass and its dry matter content. The yield of grain-haylage mass in the best variants of the second sowing period exceeded by 7–8 t/ha. According to the nutritional value of grain silage samples (the content of metabolic energy, crude protein, crude ash and carotene), the best results were obtained in most variants of the first sowing period. In content of the metabolic energy and crude protein of 1 kg of dry matter of grain-haylage, the best were variants of the single-species cenosis of lupine and its mixture with oats of the first sowing period. Variants of single-species sowing of lupine and Sudan grass were distinguished by the content of carotene.

scholarly journals Nutrient Quality and in Vitro Digestibility of Bio-Ammoniated Rice Straw Bales

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cuk Tri Noviandi ◽  
Dibya Ratnopama ◽  
Ali Agus ◽  
Ristianto Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Production Method ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Nutrient Quality ◽  
Randomized Design

This study was done to determine the effects of bale sizes of bio-ammoniated rice straw on its nutrient quality and in vitro digestibility. Rice straw were bio-ammoniated by adding 2 g urea and 1 g probiotic/kg DM. By following a completely randomized design, rice straw was baled in 3 different weights (15, 25, and 35 kg) with six replications for each treatment, and then stored for 3 weeks. In the end of the week 3, bales were opened, aired, and then sampled for proximate analysis (dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, and crude fiber) and digestibility by in vitro gas production method. Using analysis of variance method, the proximate data showed that greater the bales size (15, 25, and 35 kg) increased crude protein (7.59, 7.86, and 9.95%, respectively; P<0.05) and decreased crude fiber contents (24.1, 22.1, and 18.8%, respectively; P<0.05). By increasing the size of bales also increased a, b, and c fractions (-0.79, 0.26, and 0.82 mL/100 mg DM; 20.2, 18.2, and 17.6 mL/100 mg DM; 0.012, 0.014, and 0.019 mL/h, respectively; P<0.05) as well as gas production (11.4, 11.5, and 13.8 mL/100 mg DM, respectively; P<0.05). It can be concluded that packing bio-ammoniated rice straw in 35 kg bale is the most effective way in increasing nutrient quality and digestibility of rice straw.

scholarly journals MANFAAT BATANG PISANG DAN AMPAS TAHU SEBAGAI PAKAN KONSENTRAT TERNAK SAPI

BIOLOVA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Ayu Novtiana Devri ◽  
Handoko Santoso ◽  
Muhfahroyin Muhfahroyin
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Feed Material ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Cattle Feed

Abstract: Cattle feed consists of forage and reinforcement feed (concentrate), forage feed is all feed material derived from plants or plants in the form of leaves, sometimes including stems, twigs and flowers. Banana stems and tofu dregs can be used as concentrated feed ingredients for cows, because it has the benefit of banana stems having a fairly good nutritional value of 87.7% content of dry nutrients (BK), ash 25.12%, crude fat ( LK) 14.23%, crude fiber (SK) 29.40%, crude protein (PK) 3.01% and extract without nitrogen (BETN) 28.24%. While tofu waste contains 8.66% protein, 3.79% fat, 51.63% water, and 1.21% ash.

scholarly journals PENGARUH RANSUM YANG MENGANDUNG LIMBAH TAUGE FERMENTASI TERHADAP KECERNAAN SERAT KASAR, PROTEIN KASAR DAN ENERGI METABOLIS PADA ITIK LOKAL FASE STARTER

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Galuh Arum Pangestu ◽  
R.I. Pujaningsih ◽  
I. Mangisah
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Bean Sprout ◽  
Fiber Digestibility ◽  
Feed Tray ◽  
Bean Sprouts

This research aimed to reviewing level of bean sprout fermented used in duck diet against crude fiber digestibility, crude protein digestibility and metabolic energy of diet. The research was proccessed using Complete Random Design (CRD) with four treatments and four replications. The parameters observed were crude fiber digestibility, crude protein digestibility and metabolic energy. The research material used was 48 male ducks with starter phase, treatment diet, flock cage, battery cage, feed tray, water tube, HCl, plasctic tray, scales, hygrometer, a set of proximate and gross energy analysis equipment.  The research method consits two stages, the first stage was fermented of bean sprouts using 6% of Trichoderma harzianum for six days. The second phase was in vivo method with addition of bean sprout fermented in diet respectively T0 0%, T1 5%, T2 10% and T3 15%. The result data was tested by F test based on analysis of varians and if there was significant effect of treatment (P<0.05) followed by the test of least significance defferent (LSD). The result of effect of diet containing bean sprouts fermented were no affected (P>0.05) the crude fiber digestibility, crude protein digestibility and metabolic energy for starter phase of local ducks. Keywords : Bean Sprouts, Digestibility, Duck, Fermentation, Tricodherma harzianum.

scholarly journals NILAI NUTRISI JERAMI JAGUNG VARIETAS HIBRIDA BISI 2 DAN MANADO KUNING YANG DIFERMENTASI DENGAN EM4

EUGENIA ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanda Langoy ◽  
Charles Kaunang ◽  
Marie Najoan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Level ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Crude Fiber ◽  
Corn Straw ◽  
Effective Microorganisms ◽  
Industry Research ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Hybrid Maize

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to determine the nutritional value of corn straw yellow Manado and hybrid varieties fermented with effective microorganisms (EM4). The study was conducted in Kawangkoan Bawah Village, West Amurang District. The analysis was performed at the Laboratory of Chemical Industry Research and Standards (Baristand) Ministry of Industry, Manado. This study used an experimental design methos, a Completely Randomized Factorial pattern consisting of two factors. The first factor was using varieties of hybrid maize straw Manado Kuning and Bisi 2; The second factor was using corn straw (P0), fermented corn straw material without the fermentation process ( P1) and fermented corn straw (P2). The results of variance analysis showed that the varieties, and different level of fermentation were highly significant (P <0.01) in affecting crude fiber, crude protein, and energy. While the interaction variety and fermentation showed a significant difference (P <0, 01) to the content of crude fiber and protein, their interaction gave no significant difference (P>0,05) to the energy level. Further analysis indicated that fermented corn straw gave a significant (P<0,01) results compared to corn straw and fermented corn straw without fermentation on protein content, crude fiber and energy level. Keywords : Straw, crude fiber, crude protein, and energy ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk menentukan nilai nutrisi jerami jagung varietas hibrida dan manado kuning yang difermentasi dengan effective microorganisms (EM4). Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Kawangkoan Bawah Kecamatan Amurang Barat dan Analisa Laboratorium dilakukan di Laboratorium kimia Balai Riset dan Standarisasi Industri (Baristand) Departemen Perindustrian Manado, dengan menggunakan metode eksperimen Rancangan Acak Lengkap dasar pola faktorial yang terdiri dari 2 faktor : faktor pertama varietas terdiri dari jerami jagung hibrida bisi 2 dan manado kuning; faktor kedua Fermentasi terdiri dari jerami jagung (B0), jerami jagung bahan fermentasi tanpa proses fermentasi (B1) dan jerami jagung yang difermentasi (B2). Hasil analisis keragaman menunjukkan bahwa varietas, dan fermentasi memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) terhadap kandungan serat kasar, protein kasar, dan energi, sedangkan interaksi varietas dan fermentasi memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01)  terhadap kandungan serat kasar dan protein, dan berbeda tidak nyata (P>0,05) terhadap kandungan energi. Uji lanjut menunjukkan bahwa jerami jagung fermentasi (JJF) memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) dibandingkan dengan jerami jagung (JJ) dan jerami jagung bahan fermentasi tanpa proses fermentasi (JJTF), demikianpun JJTF memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda sangat nyata (P<0,01) dibandingkan dengan JJ terhadap kandungan protein, serat kasar dan energi.  Eugenia Volume 18 No. 1  April 2012 Kata Kunci : Jerami jagung, serat kasar, protein kasar dan energi

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