scholarly journals The formation of microbiots in the body of primates and the provision of their diets with a balanced ratio of macro- and micronutrients

2021 ◽  
Vol 282 ◽  
pp. 04015
Author(s):  
N.V. Gaponov ◽  
O.G. Loretts

This article presents studies of the formation of symbiotic primitive microbionts and the balancing of macro- and micronutrients of their feeds. To date, more than 20 thousand diverse physiologically active macro- and micronutrients have been isolated and characterized from feed and food products. For a long time, it was believed that the only source of a large number of nutrients is only feed and food. However, experiments convincingly showed that the symbiotic intestinal microflora also takes an active part in the endogenous synthesis and recycling of many macro- and micronutrients. At the same time, the use of the probiotic complex Bactistatin and fish meal did not adversely affect the hematological and biochemical parameters of the blood of experimental monkeys, all indicators were within the physiological norm. And testing the experiment on a larger population, under conditions of enclosure, allowed to establish a reduction in the cost of feed and nutrients in experimental primates and to prove the economic feasibility of using the studied ingredients from the point of view of profitability of feed production and primate content.

Habarshy ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 50-60
Author(s):  
A.B. Myrzhiyeva ◽  
M.Zh Suleimenov ◽  
Uslu Ugur ◽  
A.S. Ibazhanova ◽  
L.O Zhanteliyeva L.O

The scientific article presents the duration of acaricidal effect of «Kenem» drug, and its economic feasibility for protecting cattle against ixodic ticks. As a result of the study, the acaricidal efficacy and the duration of the residual acaricidal effect of drugs are important components in the planning of anti-tick measures. From a practical point of view, the economic feasibility of treating cattle against ixodic ticks in the presented conditions of acaricides in the southern regions is considered important. Despite the fact that the cost of the drug per 100 head exceeds the cost of a similar drug by 1 788.15 tenge, the frequency of its use is less, and additional installations are not required. This is due to the long duration of residual acaricidal effect of Kenem, which is 30 days, which allows to reduce the number of therapeutic measures.When calculating the economic feasibility for the use of acaricides to protect cattle against ixodic ticks, the most convenient way to prevent the sucking of ixodic ticks to animals is the local application of Kenem, which does not require special equipment and special skills of technical staff. Drug duration is 30 days, therefore the cost of its use for the entire season of active ticks per 1 animal is 44% cheaper, compared to veteran, i.e. 1,421.4 tenge.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 98-102
Author(s):  
D. V. Lebedeva ◽  
E. A. Ilyicheva

Perioperative bleeding occupies a leading place among all surgical complications and, despite the rapid development of surgery, remains relevant to this day. In addition to an increase in mortality, bleeding can cause the development of other postoperative complications, which lead to disability of patients and to a decrease in the quality of life in all age groups. Most perioperative bleeding are caused by technical errors. This article reviews the problem of perioperative bleeding from the point of view of impaired coagulation capabilities of the body. The main etiopathogenetic features of hemostasis during the development of this complication are considered. The analysis of postoperative complications, which were directly or indirectly caused by bleeding during or after surgery, is presented. The prevalence of these complications in various areas of surgery has been demonstrated. More detailed study of the hemostasis system and the identification of predictors of hemostasis difficulties before the surgery may cause an improvement in the results of surgical treatment and reduce the number of postoperative complications and the duration of hospital stay. Accordingly, this will lead to a decrease in the cost of treatment and an increase in patient satisfaction with the medical care. In connection with the above, there is a great interest among surgeons and anesthesiologists in preventing the development of perioperative bleeding.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-122
Author(s):  
Sukemi Kamto Sudibyo ◽  
Fitri Puji Astuti

The Muji Jaya Workshop in determining the cost of body repair, it still uses a manual estimate model with paper media which will result in losses if the calculation of the cost of body repair that is informed to the customer is not enough so that the body repair costs received are not sufficient for the needs of raw material costs and labor costs in body work. The repair and preparation of financial statements will be disrupted and delayed for a long time if the note paper used is lost or damaged. This results in the owner not being able to make decisions quickly, precisely and accurately. From these various problems, Workshop Muji Jaya implements the use of the activity based costing method in the accounting information system for determining body repair costs in order to make it easier to determine the cost of body repairs to be more accurate and in presenting financial statements to be easier and more efficient because this method is guided by the assignment of costs to products. or services based on all required activities.   Keywords: estimation, cost, activity based costing


Author(s):  
A. Sholokhova ◽  
O. Tsibernaja ◽  
V. Mykhaylenko ◽  
J. Burlakovs ◽  
V. Kuusemets ◽  
...  

A landfill is a large bioreactor, in the body of which landfill gases are generated due to anaerobic degradation of organic material. According to European legislation, the emission of methane, one of the landfill gases, should be kept to a minimum as methane is a greenhouse gas and has a significant impact on our climate. With large volumes, methane can be used for energy production, but if the collection is uneconomic, an attractive option would be to cover the landfill with a bioactive layer to degrade methane in-situ. In operational Uikala sanitary landfill, Estonia, where active gas collection system exists, it was found that uncaptured gas could be degraded in bioactive cover layer. To check whether such cover layer could be built from fine fraction after mechanical biological treatment (MBT), two experimental cells were constructed (0-20 mm and 0-40 mm fractions). The paper presents the design of experimental cells, a description of materials for construction and construction process, and preliminary results. Measurement system was installed in both cells: gas wells at eight depths and on three locations on surface. Three-level lysimeters were installed to determine water balance. Research is planned for two years with monthly gas sampling. The objective of the work is proving which of the MBT fractions, 0-20 or 0-40 mm, function better for methane degradation. Confirmation of the methane degradation efficiency in fine MBT fraction is important not only from the ecological point of view. The use of a fine fraction as a material for methane degradation layer would reduce the cost of processing this fraction and become a good example to a circular economy since the landfill would be recultivated using its own resources.


Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emad Abdelsalam ◽  
Feras Kafiah ◽  
Malek Alkasrawi ◽  
Ismael Al-Hinti ◽  
Ahmad Azzam

This work provides technical and economic feasibility of installing a solar chimney power-water distillation plant (SCPWDP) in the port of Aqaba in Jordan. A mathematical model for the SCPWDP has been developed and validated. A full year of weather conditions data has been processed, where water and electricity productions have been estimated. The results show that the SCPWDP can produce 481,440 kWh of electricity and 123,753 ton of distilled water yearly simultaneously. The economic analysis shows that the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) for the SCPWDP is $1.86/kWh. The cost estimate seems reasonable once compared with other studies. However, from economical point of view the LCOE of SCPWDP requires a further decrease in order to make it economically feasible. The sensitivity analysis shows that increasing the chimney height of the SCPWDP would increase the production of electricity, and hence, decreases the LCOE. However, increasing the chimney height would have a marginal improvement since it increases both capital and operation expenditures.


Author(s):  
Ibadullaeva Saltanat ◽  
Fomkina Maria ◽  
Appazov Nurbol ◽  
Zhusupova Laila

Based on polymeric nanotechnologies, enzyme sensors and microreactors have been developedin the way, that they can determine urea in liquids. The technology of manufacturing an enzymatic biosensor does not differ significantly from the known technology of manufacturing microcapsules with an enzyme by the laer-by-laer method. This allows us, when constructing a biosensor, to use the information obtained on encapsulated enzymes by other authors. It is shown that urea biosensor is able to work for a long time (up to 2 months) without significant loss of enzyme activity. Polymer technology for manufacturing sensors is less laborious and expensive compared to other similar technologies. We propose to develop biosensor devices – urea analyzers with polymer enzyme chips for express diagnostics of biological fluids (blood, urine). One of the significant results of this work from our point of view is two factors. The first factor is the optimization of the conditions for the production of a functionally active enzyme immobilized in a polyelectrolyte coating, when the enzyme after the immobilization procedure shows an activity comparable to that of a freshly prepared free enzyme. Such a result will allow reducing the cost of enzymes when creating a sensitive layer of the developed urea analyzer. And the second factor is that the polymer coating with the enzyme is able to work not only as an enzyme electrode, but also as an enzyme microreactor, without decreasing the rate of signal registration after passing the catalytic urease-urea reaction.


2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
O. Obodovych ◽  

The use of plant biomass as a primary source of energy is currently unacceptable both from an economic and environmental point of view. The experience of a number of industries, in particular hydrolysis production, enables to solve the problem of profitability of organic biomass treatment by its deep complex processing with the resulting components whose cost exceeds the cost of organic raw materials as fuel. Currently, the main results of complex processing of organic raw materials are still energy-intensive products ̶ bioethanol and hydrolyzed lignin, which energy characteristics are commensurate with fossil fuels. Bioethanol production from starch-containing, sugar-containing or lignocellulosic raw materials requires the use of different technological stages and, accordingly, the cost of bioethanol for each type of raw material is different. Compared to bioethanol produced from sugar and starch raw materials, bioethanol manufactured from lignocellulosic raw materials is more expensive. Bioethanol obtained from lignocellulosic raw materials is more expensive compared to bioethanol from sugar and starch raw materials. The most energy-intensive in the technology of bioethanol obtaining from lignocellulosic raw materials is the stage of pretreatment of raw materials for hydrolysis, because the process of preliminary preparation and hydrolysis with dilute acids occurs at high temperatures and pressures. During enzymatic hydrolysis, the process temperature is maintained for a long time (up to several days). To ensure deep integrated processing of plant raw materials, as well as to reduce overall costs, it was proposed to improve the technology and equipment, which allow increasing the degree of conversion of raw materials into basic and by-products.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana N. Babkina ◽  
Alla G. Tabackaja ◽  
Natalia V. Lenkova

This article examines the effectiveness of the treatment of rickets in young camels bred in the Republic of Kalmykia with tricalcium phosphate and tricalcium phosphate with granuvite E. To determine the biogeochemical features of the Justinsky and Yashkulsky districts of the Republic of Kalmykia, we carried out an analysis of diets for nutritional value and balance, and a study of the soil, water, feed, and macronutrient content of camels’ blood. The article presents data from the clinical examination, and the clinical, hematological and biochemical blood tests carried out before, during and after therapy. To enrich the body of experimental camels with missing macrocells (calcium, phosphorus) and vitamins (tocopherol), an experiment was carried out using tricalcium phosphate and tricalcium phosphate with granuvite E. From an economic point of view, it is more appropriate to use tricalcium phosphate (17.82 rubles) than tricalcium phosphate with granuvite E (15.54 rubles). However, as confirmed by laboratory studies (hematological and biochemical parameters), from a therapeutic point of view, the use of tricalcium phosphate for one month does not completely restore calcium-phosphorus imbalance, unlike when tricalcium phosphate is used with granuvite E. The use of tricalcium phosphate and granuvite E for therapeutic purposes once a month for young camels of 120 g and 2 g, respectively, has high therapeutic efficacy in treating osteodystrophy and normalizes the calcium-phosphorus ratio. Keywords: young camels, therapy, mineral metabolism, tricalcium phosphate


Author(s):  
Lílian Panachuk

In this article, guided by experienced ceramists, I was able to delve into the pottery productive universe, not only observing these ceramist women, but thinking with my hands. This commitment to learning a motor skill has allowed new questions to surface, modifying my point of view regarding the artifact. As in the productive process that I have been learning, this text has come and go, and these retakes have been part of its modeling process, of my own learning process. And so, it may seem overly intersubjective, because it approaches frontier paradigms. Focusing on the gestures, the production of the text also gave the groping, with the body being the guide on the way. The gesture is pure ubiquity, being at the same time intellectual and material denotes the know-how itself; or rather, more than that, it allows the doing-being because in building the materiality develops at the same time, the identity. As Leroi-Gourhan (1965, p. 44) said long time before, "it is in what produces or does, not in what is, what a human hand manifest itself as such". As Ceramistas e a Arqueóloga: a Argila na Construção de Corpos Distintos A olaria é uma técnica corporal exigente que requer um corpo ativo. É preciso (constantemente) atenção voluntária, treino, repetição, abertura à crítica e autocrítica, tolerância à dor (e de novo). Mas é fundamental saber montar e desmontar - sempre como processo contínuo – o sujeito e a matéria, a pessoa e o objeto, de forma inseparável. O barro é também uma pessoa e a pessoa um corpo-máquina, ciborgue (Haraway, 2000). Um corpo molda o outro de forma relacional (Joyce, 2000) em um processo recíproco de objetivação-subjetivação (Santos-Granero, 2009). Para as ceramistas com as quais convivo nos espaços urbanos, só existe o ser no fazer, esses verbos se constroem mutuamente e se enredam, não há vida sem argila. Ser essa pessoa tem estreita relação com o fazer cerâmico. Como já aprendemos faz tempo com Simone de Beauvoir e Judith Butler, nos tornamos mulheres nessa construção material e simbólica; e distintas umas das outras, mulheres situadas. Nesse sentido, interessa aqui debater algumas dessas construções e sociabilidades em fazer-ser uma mulher ceramista em um contexto urbano. Elas se constroem em um esforço voluntário, consciente e proativo em seu ofício, como mulheres-ceramistas. Entre ceramistas a máxima “sinto, logo sou” é potencializada, e é então um corpo ativo que aplica uma teoria viva ao seu meio ambiente (Le Breton, 2016). Nesse artigo pretendo interligar pessoas, coisas e fatos, para construir uma narrativa (parcial) sobre a tecnologia cerâmica e os diferentes corpos que ela produz. A perspectiva, no entanto, não é minha nem delas sendo ao mesmo tempo também nossa. É a argila, narradora da história, que dita o tempo, constrói, conecta e transforma os diferentes corpos. É essa perspectiva da materialidade que desejo seguir, incluindo os gestos técnicos como perspectiva teórico-prática.


The article focuses on the problem of the lack of objective evaluation of space-planning arrangement of buildings as a creative approach of the architect to the performing of functional tasks by the object. It is proposed to create a methodology for assessing the functional of space-planning solutions of buildings on the basis of numerical simulation of functional processes using the theory of human flows. There is a description of the prospects of using this method, which makes it possible to increase the coefficient of compactness, materials and works saving, more efficient use of space, reduce the cost of the life cycle of the building, save human forces and time to implement the functional of the building. The necessary initial data for modeling on the example of shopping and shopping-entertainment centers are considered. There are three main tasks for algorithmization of the functional of shopping centers. The conclusion is made about necessity of development of a method for objective assessment of buildings from the point of view of ergonomics of space-planning decisions based on the study of human behavior in buildings of different purposes.


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