scholarly journals Study of the effect of organic acids on the crystal stability of wines

2021 ◽  
Vol 285 ◽  
pp. 05004
Author(s):  
Sofia Cherviak ◽  
Nadezhda Anikina ◽  
Nonna Gnilomedova ◽  
Antonina Vesyutova
Keyword(s):  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Crystal Stability ◽  
Quantitative Content ◽  
Calcium Tartrate ◽  
Acidic Complex ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Technological Methods

The loss of solubility of tartaric acid salts of potassium and calcium is the reason for precipitation of crystal sediment in wine. The aim of this work was to study the morphological characteristics of crystal sediment of wines obtained by varying the acidic complex of the must using different technological methods. The approach of must de-oxidation, as well as the introduction of citric acid, provided a decrease in the temperature of saturation with calcium tartrate by 5.8-11.3 °C. At the same time, when introducing the tartaric acid, an inverse relation was noted - the indicator value increased by 34%. According to the results of the study, the relationship between quantitative content of potassium and calcium ions and temperature of saturation with potassium bitartrate (Tsat (KHTar) and calcium tartrate Tsat (CaTar)) was not established (r = -0.48 and 0.50, respectively). It was shown that acidifying of the must with 1 g/l of tartaric acid provided the formation of very large crystals of calcium tartrate, and 2 g/l of tartaric acid - a stabilizing effect for young wine by the end of the experiment. Regardless the method of varying acid composition of the must, the value of Tsat (KHTar) was in the range of 14.8-19.5 oC. The obtained results are intended to prove the necessity of preventive measures in wine production to ensure their crystal stability.

scholarly journals Morphology of potassium bitartrate crystals in wine during spontaneous crystal formation

2020 ◽  
pp. 73-76
Author(s):  
Нонна Владимировна Гниломедова ◽  
София Николаевна Червяк ◽  
Антонина Валерьевна Весютова
Keyword(s):  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Visual Features ◽  
Crystal Formation ◽  
Bulk Crystals ◽  
Cover Glass ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Small Crystals ◽  
Calcium Tartrate ◽  
The Moment

Кристаллообразование тартратных солей возможно на любой стадии производства вина, а также в готовой продукции, что является следствием пересыщенности системы вина анионами винной кислоты и катионами калия. Объектом исследования являлся кристаллический осадок белых столовых вин, дестабилизированных в результате естественного выпадения битартрата калия. Исследование кристаллов проводили методом световой микроскопии без покровного стекла с помощью микроскопа Микмед-5 (АО «ЛОМО», Россия) с системой визуализации и программным обеспечением Image Scope M. Показано, что изучаемый кристаллический осадок представлял собой калиевую соль винной кислоты без примеси тартрата кальция. Проведена систематизация размеров кристаллов битартрата калия. Установлено, что кристаллы от момента спонтанного образования в вине и до формирования плотного осадка проходят ряд этапов развития, при которых наблюдается изменение их размеров, формы и визуальной характеристики. Мелкие кристаллы представляют собой прозрачные бесцветные пластинки, не имеющие выраженных ребер. По мере роста они претерпевают существенные изменения, в результате чего формируются геометрически правильные объемные кристаллы с блестящими плоскими гранями. В дальнейшем кристаллы утрачивают блеск и прозрачность, приобретают сглаженную форму с потерей осей симметрии. Полученные результаты предназначены для усовершенствования технохимического контроля в виноделии. Новые данные о размерах, морфологии и визуальной характеристики кристаллов битартрата калия могут быть использованы для оценки потенциальной нестабильности виноматериала, а также для анализа осадка дестабилизированной готовой продукции. Crystal formation of tartrate salts is possible at any stage of wine production, as well as in the finished product, which is a consequence of oversaturation of the system of wine with tartaric acid anions and potassium cations. The object of the study was a crystal sediment of white table wines destabilized in a result of natural precipitation of potassium bitartrate. Crystals were examined by the method of light microscopy without cover-glass with the usage of Micmed-5 microscope (JSC “LOMO”, Russia) with a system of visualization and Image Scope M software. The studied crystal sediment was represented by potassium salt of tartaric acid without admixture of calcium tartrate. Classification of sizes of potassium bitartrate crystals was carried out. It was established that crystals from the moment of spontaneous formation in wine to the formation of dense sediment, go through a number of stages of development, characterized by changes in their size, shape and visual features. Small crystals are the transparent colorless plates without edges. As they grow, they undergo significant changes, resulting in regular bulk crystals with shiny flat faces. Further the crystals lose their shine and transparency, get smoothed shape with the loss of center lines. The results obtained are intended to improve the techno-chemical control in winemaking. New data on sizes, morphology and visual characteristics of potassium bitartrate crystals can be used to assess the potential instability of wine materials, as well as to analyze the sediment of destabilized finished products.

CRUELTY TO ANIMALS OF MINOR AS A STAGE OF PERSONALITY FORMATION WITH A VIOLENT ORIENTATION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maksim Osipov
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Animal Cruelty ◽  
Cruelty To Animals ◽  
The Relationship

The article devoted to the study formations the identity of the criminal like. Animal cruelty is considered one of the violent stages of formations, directions personalities. The author analyzes the relationship between the stages of formation of the criminal’s personality in order to for the development of preventive measures.

COVID-19 AND STROKE: POSSIBLE CAUSES AND PATHOGENESIS (REVIEW)

Vestnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 103-106
Author(s):  
А.Е. Кожашева ◽  
С.О. Белесбек ◽  
Д.Ж. Абдимитова ◽  
Б.М. Сакен ◽  
А.П. Бориходжаева ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Cerebrovascular Disorders ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Cytokine Release ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Acute Cerebrovascular Accident ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Willebrand Factor ◽  
D Dimer

Появляются доказательства того, что COVID-19 может вызывать выброс цитокинов, состояние гиперкоагуляции и повреждение эндотелия, которое может привести к острому нарушению мозгового кровообращения (ОНМК). В данной статье авторы обсуждают взаимосвязь между COVID-19 и ОНМК, и о возможных факторах, способствующих возникновению инсульта. Как свидетельствует увеличение D-димера, фибриногена, фактора VIII и фактора фон Виллебранда, инфекция SARS-CoV-2 вызывает коагулопатию, нарушает функцию эндотелия и способствует состоянию гиперкоагуляции. В совокупности это предрасполагает пациентов к цереброваскулярным нарушениям. Механизм, лежащий в основе COVID-19 и инсульта, требует дальнейшего изучения, равно как и разработка эффективных терапевтических или профилактических мер. Evidence is emerging that COVID-19 can cause cytokine release, hypercoagulable states, and endothelial damage that can lead to acute cerebrovascular accident (ACVI). In this article, the authors discuss the relationship between COVID-19 and stroke and the possible contributing factors to stroke. As evidenced by an increase in D-dimer, fibrinogen, factor VIII and von Willebrand factor, SARS-CoV-2 infection causes coagulopathy, disrupts endothelial function and hypercoagulability. Collectively, this predisposes patients to cerebrovascular disorders. The mechanism underlying COVID-19 and stroke requires further study, as does the development of effective therapeutic or preventive measures.

scholarly journals Reproduction and population structure of the sea cucumber Holothuria tubulosa in the Dardanelles Strait, Turkey

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. DERELİ ◽  
S. TÜRK ÇULHA ◽  
M. ÇULHA ◽  
B. H. ÖZALP ◽  
A. A. TEKİNAY
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Gonadosomatic Index ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Population Characteristics ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Mediterranean Populations ◽  
Reproductive Patterns ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

In this study, Holothuria tubulosa Gmelin 1791 was investigated from April 2013 to March 2014 in the Dardanelles Strait, to outline the morphological characteristics, reproductive patterns and the relationship between population characteristics and environmental parameters. Between 15 and 30 individuals of this species were sampled monthly from three stations. There was a negative allometry between length and weight, being gutted weight the most reliable measurement for this species. Reproductive patterns of the species were identified the first time for Turkish coasts. By macroscopic examination of the gonads, smallest sizes (gutted length) were measured as 8.4 and 8.1 cm for female and male, respectively. Sex ratio was calculated as 1: 1.1 with differences between seasons. The reproduction of sea cucumbers occurred between August and September after Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) values reached their maximum in July. The species was found down to 10 m depth with a population density of 0.21 / m2, which was rather low compared to previously reported values for Mediterranean populations of this species. There was a high positive correlation between population density and GSI of the species. The highest population density was observed where the largest sea grass meadows are found.

scholarly journals Relationship of Depression, Aging and Immune System During Covid-19 Pandemic: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Iylia Binti Fauzi ◽  
Siti Fatimah Binti Salleh ◽  
Mohammad Shahadat Hossen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

COVID-19 is a highly contagious virus that first appeared in China in December 2019. It has affected over 157 million people and killed over 3.2 million. The paper reviews the function of the immune system for COVID-19 prevention, depression, and anxiety due to COVID-19 and their effects on the immune system and the relationship of aging with the immune system and depression and anxiety. It has been found that several elderly people lack the coping mechanisms required to deal with the stress caused by COVID-19. Hence, identifying the factors and mechanisms that lead to this resilience will aid in the development of preventive measures for certain elderly people and groups with more severe mental health problems. Additionally, it would be beneficial to understand how technology could be leveraged to accomplish this goal. During the pandemic, various steps such as social isolation, quarantine, and self-isolation are needed to be implemented properly to slow the spread of the virus. Meanwhile, to help halt the pandemic, everybody must be vaccinated as soon as possible until any bans on social gatherings and social isolation can be removed, allowing other sectors such as schooling, social activities, and life to resume normalcy.

scholarly journals MELT DROPS MOVEMENT OVER SEMICONDUCTOR SURFACES CONTROLLED BY ELECTRIC FIELD

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (33) ◽  
pp. 681-687
Author(s):  
A. A. SKVORTSOV ◽  
M. V. KORYACHKO ◽  
S. M. ZUEV ◽  
A. A. DEMCHENKOVA
Keyword(s):  
Direct Current ◽  
Surface Tension Force ◽  
Material Surface ◽  
Excessive Pressure ◽  
Migration Rates ◽  
Semiconductor Crystals ◽  
Silicon And Germanium ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Technological Methods ◽  
Rigid Matrix

The problems of molten zones formation and their subsequent migration over material surface are of interest from the viewpoint of developing novel technological methods of forming microelectronic structures. Such drops can be used as primary working elements of microlenses and reflectors, displays, weighers. The aim of this work was experimental studying processes of electromigration of molten silver- and aluminum-based inclusions over surfaces of germanium and aluminum semiconductor crystals. The issues of formation and motion of molten drops over the surfaces of silicon and germanium semiconductor crystals are considered within the framework of the electrocapillary approach. It is shown by an example of Ge-Ag and Si-Al systems that accelerated migration is related to the contribution of an electrocapillary component that relates surface tension force of melt drops to electric potential difference at the interface. The experiment consisted in applying metal grain to the surface of the samples and vacuuming the chamber where excessive pressure and the surface temperature were created. Migration of inclusions by powerful current pulses was initiated. An analysis of the effect of direct current on a drop of melt deposited on the surface of a crystalline matrix was made. An analysis of the droplet composition was carried out using the AES method, the results of which showed the relationship between silver and germanium concentrations. Quantitative evaluations are given for migration rates in systems under direct current flow as well as under pulsed current loads. During the experiment, it was found that the energy required to detach the droplet from the rigid matrix was not consumed. The value of the surface charge transfer density was estimated. The results of the work can be used to develop new technological methods for the formation of microelectronic structures and their use for practical purposes.

scholarly journals Quantity- and Quality-Based Farm Water Productivity in Wine Production: Case Studies in Germany

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denise Peth ◽  
Katrin Drastig ◽  
Annette Prochnow
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Sole Source ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Wine Production ◽  
Modeling Software ◽  
Wine Sector ◽  
Farm Scale ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

The German wine sector has encountered new challenges in water management recently. To manage water resources responsibly, it is necessary to understand the relationship between the input of water and the output of wine, in terms of quantity and quality. The objectives of this study are to examine water use at the farm scale at three German wineries, and to develop and apply, for the first time, a quality-based indicator. Water use is analyzed in terms of wine production and wine-making over three years. After the spatial and temporal boundaries of the wineries and the water flows are defined, the farm water productivity indicator is calculated to assess water use at the winery scale. Farm water productivity is calculated using the AgroHyd Farmmodel modeling software. Average productivity on a quantity basis is 3.91 L wine per m3 of water. Productivity on a quality basis is 329.24 °Oechsle per m3 of water. Water input from transpiration for wine production accounts for 99.4–99.7% of total water input in the wineries, and, because irrigation is not used, precipitation is the sole source of transpired water. Future studies should use both quality-based and mass-based indicators of productivity.

scholarly journals Controversial approach to wolf management in the Czech Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (No. 1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jana Lososová ◽  
Jindřiška Kouřilová ◽  
Nikola Soukupová
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Management Programme ◽  
Wolf Population ◽  
Public Funds ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Wolf Management ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
The Relationship

Expansion of the wolf in the Czech Republic results in an increasing conflict between nature conservationists and other landscape users. In March 2020, the Ministry of the Environment of the Czech Republic issued the "Wolf Management Programme". The document provoked negative reactions from organisations of farmers, breeders, and hunters. The article deals with the key issues triggered by the conflict and the attitudes of actors involved. We want to clarify to what extent the solutions designed by individual parties help to mitigate the conflict and how the financial demands related to this issue have been evolving. The problem may seem marginal in the Czech Republic, but the wolf population density in some regions may already be close to its bearable maximum. Key problems are the identification of specific target numbers of wolves, the absence of zoning as a future option, and clear rules for dealing with direct encounters of wolves with humans. The benefit of wolf management is primarily the sum of preventive measures it aims to address, but the relationship with other main actors and the area of education and promotion is debatable as it represents a further increase in the absorption of public funds without guarantees of effectiveness.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN TINGKAT PEMAHAMAN KARAKTERISTIK MORFOLOGI HEWAN DENGAN KEMAMPUAN MENGHAFAL NAMA LATIN HEWAN PADA SISWA KELAS X IPA SMA NEGERI 3 JEMBER

EDUSAINS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-29
Author(s):  
M Ubaidilah Hasan ◽  
Ira Nurmawati
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Post Facto ◽  
Kendall Correlation ◽  
Level Of Understanding ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Morphology Characteristics

THE RELATIONSHIP OF STUDENTS' UNDERSTANDING LEVEL OF ANIMAL MORPHOLOGY CHARACTERISTICS WITH THE ABILITY TO MEMORIZE ANIMAL LATIN NAMES IN GRADE 10 IPAAbstractAnimal taxonomy subjects often use animal's Latin names. Many students think that this subject is annoying because it is dominated by memorizing animal's Latin names, even though memorizing becomes a prerequisite for understanding. Meanwhile, most of the language materials memorized need an understanding before the memorizing process. This study aimed to find a relationship between the level of students' understanding of an animal's morphological characteristics and the ability to memorize animal's Latin names at the Xth grade of IPA students in SMAN 3 Jember. This study used a quantitative approach with a type of ex post facto. The test obtained the data. Then it was descriptively and inferentially analyzed by Kendall correlation. This research indicated that 56 students who answered test of the level of understanding animal's morphological characteristics and the ability to memorize animal's Latin names resulted in a correlation coefficient of score 0.673, and significance 0,000 < 0.05. Therefore, if the level of students’ understanding of an animal's morphological characteristics increased, the ability to memorize animal's Latin names at the Xth grade of IPA students in SMAN 3 Jember also increased, conversely. AbstrakNama latin hewan sering digunakan dalam materi taksonomi hewan. Banyak siswa beranggapan bahwa materi tersebut membosankan karena didominasi oleh menghafal nama latin hewan, padahal menghafal menjadi prasyarat pemahaman. Sementara itu, sebagian besar materi bahasa yang dihafal membutuhkan pemahaman sebelum proses menghafal berlangsung. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mengetahui hubungan tingkat pemahaman karakteristik morfologi hewan dengan kemampuan menghafal nama latin hewan pada siswa kelas X IPA SMA Negeri 3 Jember. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan jenis eks post facto. Data didapatkan menggunakan instrumen tes. Kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif dan inferensial menggunakan korelasi Kendall. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa dari 56 siswa yang menjawab tes tingkat pemahaman karakteristik morfologi hewan dan kemampuan menghafal nama latin hewan menghasilkan koefisien korelasi 0,673 dan signifikansi 0,000 < 0,05. Dengan demikian, jika tingkat pemahaman karakteristik morfologi hewan meningkat, kemampuan menghafal nama latin hewan pada siswa kelas X IPA SMA Negeri 3 Jember juga meningkat, begitupula sebaliknya. 

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