scholarly journals Rational use of natural resources and provision of the population with the necessary food resources

2021 ◽  
Vol 291 ◽  
pp. 02027
Author(s):  
N.А. Koryakina ◽  
V.А. Pomozova ◽  
T.F. Kiseleva ◽  
N.А. Frolova ◽  
N.V. Shkrabtak

Forest natural resources are classified as renewable biological resources. The forests of Russia are a unique ecological system that makes up about 25% of all forest resources of the planet. The main product produced in the exploitation of forests is, of course, timber. But in addition to wood, they also have a variety of non-wood (side) resources: berries, forest mushrooms, nuts, fruits, medicinal herbs, etc., which have enormous social and economic value. The article provides an overview of the food forest resources of the Far Eastern region and the formation of demand factors for products made on the basis of wild plant raw materials. The development in the Far East of the sphere of harvesting and processing of wild-growing food resources is one of the promising areas in the rational use of natural resources, which, in turn, will serve as an incentive for the development of new areas in related industries: food, processing, pharmaceutical industry and agro-industrial production.

Author(s):  
N. Stepakova

The paper presents an overview of food forest resources of the Far Eastern Federal District: wild berry raw materials, nut and fruit raw materials and medicinal products, the main directions of its application in industrial production. Volumes of food forest resources by species are shown.


2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 62-71
Author(s):  
A. O. Ermolaev ◽  
K. R. Babukhadiya ◽  
E. I. Reshetnik

The article considers the possibility of expanding the range of fermented milk products enriched with natural sources of biologically active substances, which is an urgent task today, as it corresponds to the concept of state policy of the Russian Federation in the field of healthy nutrition. As a solution to this problem, it has proposed to enrich the curd mass as part of the daily diet. Promising plant raw materials of the Far Eastern region, such as Ahnfeltia tobuchinensis, a representative of the genus of red algae growing in the Far Eastern Seas, are used as functional and enriching ingredients; Dahurian larch wood extract – arabinogalactan (Lavitol-arabinogalactan) and peppermint (Méntha piperíta). Grounded ahnfeltia was used in the size of not more than 0,5 mm. On the basis of the analysis of the composition and properties of the applied non-traditional additives, the possibility of enrichment of curd products with dietary fiber and organic iodine from plant components has been substantiated. Optimal ratios of enriching prescription components to the weight of cottage cheese in a finished product are the following: ahnfeltia powder – 1,5%, arabinogalactan – 2,5%, peppermint – 1%. Also, when determining the optimal dosages of the introduced components, it is proposed to replace the prescription amount of sugar with flower honey, which is a natural sweetener and a powerful antioxidant. Organoleptic and physicochemical parameters of the finished samples have been analyzed. As a result of the research the functional curd product one portion (100 g) of which is capable to satisfy daily physiological need of an organism for iodine for 29,32%, in dietary fibers for 12,38% has been developed.


2018 ◽  
Vol 56 ◽  
pp. 04009
Author(s):  
Gennady Arkhipov

Analysis of current status and use of lead and zinc resources in the Far Eastern region, on the territory of Primorsky region for many decades and such analysis is of practical importance for evaluation and selection of areas in this field of activity. Russia safeguarded stocks and lead and zinc resources in the long term. On the territory of the Far East region there are significant deposits of these metals, but for single resources most of them substantially less large deposits in other regions of Russia - Siberia, Altai, Ural. Significantly to support lead-zinc industry in the region is possible in case of exploration of new deposits of ores with high quality. Lead and zinc minerals industrial scale in the region undoubtedly has and can be represented by a leading geological-industrial types of fields, but there is currently little studied. You must not reforming the present state of the industry and its innovative development: need to develop intra-regional use of raw materials in the form of the final product, that will give the region's resources development of new incentives. Nonferrous metals resource potential of the region, with an effective strategy to use them can be a significant factor in changing the geopolitical significance of the far eastern part of Russia.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 308-354
Author(s):  
Regis Y Simo

The extraction and processing of raw materials into commodities are not only attractive for their economic value but also for political reasons. This makes natural resources a source of extreme greed. In this context, regions rich in raw materials, such as Africa, become the scene of local and foreign speculation and, instead of contributing to the development of endowed countries, natural resources often become factors of fragility – hence the ‘natural resources curse’ phrase. While countries exercise sovereignty over their resources by virtue of international law, it has also become essential to develop more sustainable activities in order to continue to exploit these resources. Cognisant of these global environmental challenges, a great number of countries in the world are committed to safeguarding the planet, as can be seen from the adoption of the African Convention on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources. At the international level, the multiplicity and complexity of legal norms applicable to the exploitation of natural resources can constitute an obstacle to their application. Indeed, while the scarcity of resources and the surge of environmental problems associated with their exploitation have led to greater reliance on international law because the stakes are global and permeate political boundaries, the corpus of international law rules is sometimes only indirectly relevant to natural resources, since they were not enacted to protect natural resources per se. This is the case of the rules of the World Trade Organization (WTO), which, while not adopted for that purpose, have a bearing on trade in natural resources. While all WTO members are required to open their markets to competition from abroad, WTO-covered agreements give them a certain leeway to regulate this flow in order to pursue societal goals. In other words, under certain circumstances, a WTO member is allowed to justify otherwise WTO-inconsistent measures in the name of legitimate domestic values. This paper focuses on trade rules that control the asymmetrical global distribution and exhaustibility of natural resources, especially export restrictions and their justifications in WTO law. The objective of this paper is to analyse the international and unilateral trade measures addressing non-trade concerns and their relevance for natural resources management in Africa. L’extraction et la transformation des matières premières en produits finis de base sont non seulement attractives pour leur valeur économique mais aussi pour des raison politiques. Ce qui fait des ressources naturelles une source de cupidité extrême. A cet effet, au lieu de contribuer au développement des pays qui y sont dotés, les régions riches en matières premières deviennent le théâtre des spéculations nationales et étrangères au point où les ressources naturelles deviennent des facteurs de déstabilisation d’où l’appellation de « malédiction des ressources naturelles ». Bien que les pays exercent la souveraineté sur leurs ressources en vertu du droit international, il devient essentiel de développer des activités plus durables afin de continuer l’exploitation de ces ressources. Conscient de ces problèmes environnementaux dans le monde, un grand nombre de pays dans le monde s’engagent à sauvegarder la planète, comme peut-on constater avec l’adoption de la Convention africaine pour la Conservation de la Nature et des Ressources naturelles. Sur le plan international, la multiplicité et la complexité des normes juridiques applicables à l’exploitation des ressources naturelles peuvent constituer un obstacle pour son application. En effet, si la rareté des ressources et la montée des problèmes environnementaux liées à leur exploitation ont conduit à une dépendance accrue au droit international parce que les enjeux sont mondiaux et dépassent les barrières politiques, les règles du droit international s’appliquent indirectement aux ressources naturelles puisqu’elles n’ont pas été promulguées pour protéger les ressources naturelles en tant que tel. Ceci est le cas des règles de l‘Organisation mondiale du Commerce (OMS), qui, bien que non adoptées ont une incidence sur le commerce des ressources naturelles. Bien que les membres de l’OMS ont obligations d’ouvrir leurs marchés à la concurrence étrangère, les accords couverts par l’OMS leur donnent un certain levier pour réguler ce flux afin de poursuivre des objectifs sociétaux. Autrement dit, dans certaines circonstances, un membre de l’OMS est autorisé de justifier les mesures incompatibles avec les règles de l’OMS pour des raisons de valeurs nationales légitimes. Cet article se focalise sur les règles commerciales qui contrôlent la distribution mondiale asymétrique et l’épuisement des ressources naturelles particulièrement les restrictions à l’exportation et leurs justifications d’après la loi de l’OMS. L’objectif de cet article est d’examiner les mesures internationales et unilatérales qui adressent les préoccupations non commerciales et leur importance sur la gestion des ressources naturelles en Afrique.


Author(s):  
O. Imomov ◽  
S. Mirzaev ◽  
U. Shomatova ◽  
K. Ergasheva

This work is devoted to the study of the medicinal properties of Capparis spinosa L. on the basis of the literatures and the assessment of natural resources in the Chust adyrs of the Namangan region of the Republic of Uzbekistan, as well as the protection measures. The medicinal properties of this plant are high, and it is widely used in folk and modern medicine, and the plant also contains a high concentration of nectar and is of great importance for beekeeping. In Europe it is used in the food industry and in cooking as a dietary product.  Plants are one of the most demanded medicinal raw materials, the demand is growing, but the available natural resources cannot meet this demand. Expansion of the plantation of Capparis spinosa and with rational use we will be able to conserve the natural resources of the plant.


2021 ◽  
Vol 296 ◽  
pp. 07010
Author(s):  
Olga Viktorovna Deryusheva

The range of food stuffs having a rich composition of useful substances can be greatly enhanced by using a great variety of wild plants growing in Siberia. Apart from familiar widely used wild mushrooms, berries and other wild plants a biennial herbage plant, namely, great burdock can be used. Precise requirements to safety of wild plants growing in Russia are not available in regulatory documents. This makes it much more difficult to pass the procedures of confirming the conformity of products. This also has a negative effect on the processes of harvesting, storage, processing and transportation of wild plant raw materials. The key goal of testing the quality of products is to ensure safety of food stuffs. This goal can be achieved by further study of wild plants and by establishing precise standards of safety.


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1861-1870
Author(s):  
Elena Butina

The work is devoted to a comparative study of the features of the structural and mechanical properties of soybean lecithins, produced in Russia, in their relationship with the composition and other characteristics. Considering that the cultivation of transgenic agricultural crops is prohibited in Russia, Russian plant raw materials and products of its processing, including lecithin, are of interest and are in demand in a number of European countries. Despite the fact that the main raspberry raw material in Russia is sunflower, the volume of processing of soybeans grown without the use of genetic modification methods, the main plantations of which are located in the Far East, ranks second after sunflower. Lecithin production technologies in Russia are mostly focused on the production of so-called "raw" liquid lecithins and do not provide for the operation of their subsequent conditioning in order to ensure special characteristics of the composition and consumer properties. Despite this, raw soy lecithins produced by Russian enterprises mostly meet the requirements of GOST 32052-2013 and the European Union E 322 requirements and can be positioned as standard liquid lecithins. At the same time, during the release of such lecithins, problems associated with an increase in their viscosity during storage are periodically observed. This article presents the results of comparative studies of the composition and properties of liquid soybean lecithins of various consistencies and presents conclusions on the factors that determine the features of their structural and mechanical properties.


Author(s):  
Mariia Ilina ◽  
Yuliia Shpylova

Scarcity of the natural resources, exciting global environmental problems, climate change, soil and ecosystem degradation accompanying with the population growth force to searching new consumption and production patterns. Appropriate modernization of the industries would impact into strengthening of the country's position in the world economy and conserve the natural resources. Achievement of these goals is possible with bioeconomy, which accompanied by digital technologies becomes the mechanism promoting the sustainable development. Bioeconomy is the new approach ensuring the rational use of natural resources and their conservation due to more efficient use of biological raw materials. Goal of the article is substantiation of conceptual principles of the development of bioeconomy on Ukraine and discovery of its relations with the rational natural resources use. Main areas of bioeconomy’s impact to the environment, economy and social sphere include improvement of the land use, conservation of the biodiversity and ecosystems, protection of the environment, expansion of the biotechnology markets, and making human lives better. The mentioned outcomes of the bioeconomy show its role in the rational use of natural resources, further commercialization of biotechnology and the following effects in social and economic spheres. Today, Ukraine's share in the biotechnology market is negligible, and segments of biodegradable materials, bioplastics, and biofuels are completely absent. Among the possible factors for the development of the bioeconomy are the significant potential for agricultural biomass formation and organic production. The legislation gaps and shortcomings, lack of the national strategy for the development of bioeconomy, low economic capacity, scarcity of scientific researches on biotechnologies, and depletion of the human capital are the obstacles in this regard for Ukraine. Development of the new directions of bioeconomy will contribute to comprehensive solution of the problem of irrational use of natural resources and poor life of people by stimulus for the development of biotechnologies, making the market of innovations, protecting the environment and preserving the biodiversity.


2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 06021
Author(s):  
Zoya Tsoy ◽  
Yuri Nikulin ◽  
Olga Nikulina

Poultry farming is one of the most precocious and important branches of animal husbandry. It makes it possible to get food products such as meat and eggs in the shortest time. The main factor affecting the development of poultry farming is the feed base. For poultry, the lack of protein and minerals is very harmful. Far East has all the opportunities to realize its genetic potential. Primorye region makes it possible to widely use inexpensive seafood and waste products, as well as plant raw materials in animal and poultry feeding. Marine and fish products, as well as waste from their reprocessing, are rich in protein and minerals necessary to ensure the fullness of animal and poultry rations. Additions of marine origin have antioxidant, radioprotective activity, increase the body's resistance to diseases, increase the immune system, and improve metabolism.


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