scholarly journals Effect Carrier Agent Formulation in Drying Rate and Antioxidant Activity of Roselle Extract

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 02010
Author(s):  
Febiani Dwi Utari ◽  
Mohammad Djaeni ◽  
Wahyu Zuli Pratiwi ◽  
Muhammad Alver Syahputra ◽  
Uma Fadzilia Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Evaporation Process ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Moisture Evaporation ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Natural Colorant ◽  
Speed Up

Roselle (Hibiscus sabdarifa L) contains anthocyanins as the natural colorant and antioxidant. Drying the roselle extract was aims to produce the dry product that easy consumption as antioxidant. The carrier agent was added in roselle extract to improve the drying rate and maintain the nutritional value. This research studied the effect of carrier agent in drying rate and antioxidant activity. The method consists of two step involving roselle extraction using ultrasonic and the drying process. The roselle extraction by ultrasonic use the water as the solvent. The carrier agent (0%,5%,10% of maltodextrin) was added in roselle extract. The mixture was then dried in tray dryer dehumidification using zeolite in drying temperature 50,60, and 70⁰C. As the response, the moisture content was observed by gravimetry every 15 minutes for 150 minutes. The result showed that Page model was fitted to determine the constant of drying rate. Higher concentration of carrier agent enhanced the moisture evaporation process. Based on the DPPH analysis, the degradation of antioxidant activity in temperature 70⁰C was 2.14 times higher than in temperature 50⁰C. As the conclusion, addition of maltodextrin can speed up the drying process and retain the antioxidant activity of.

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAUN PEGAGAN (Centella asiatica L.Urban) DAN BUNGA KRISAN (Crhysanthemum sp) PADA TIGA VARIASI SUHU PENGERINGAN

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Temperature Variations ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Positive Results

This research aims to determine the effect of dryer temperature variations on the antioxidant activity of gotu kola leaves and chrysanthemum flowers. The research method used was the experimental method using Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 6 types of treatments and 2 replications. The drying process is carried out until it reaches the moisture content according to SNI for dry tea which is a maximum of 8%. Drying is done using a food dehydrator with three temperature variations (50°C, 55°C and 60°C). The results show that the higher the drying temperature, the faster the standard moisture content is reached. The higher the drying temperature, the weaker antioxidant activity produced. The best antioxidant activity was obtained using the 50°C drying temperature of 36.1 ppm for gotu kola leaf simplicia. While the best antioxidant activity of simplicia of chrysanthemum flowers was obtained at 50°C at 137.99 ppm. The six samples showed positive results on the flavonoid test. Keywords: Antioxidant activities; chrysanthemum flower; gotu kola leaf

scholarly journals Influence of technological modes on changes in the composition of beet pulp during its processing at the Borinsky sugar plant

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77
Author(s):  
S. N. Zobova ◽  
A. N. Ostrikov ◽  
L. N. Frolova ◽  
M. V. Kopylov ◽  
I. S. Bogomolov
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Magnetic Impurities ◽  
Technological Equipment ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Moisture Evaporation ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Beet Pulp ◽  
Sugar Plant ◽  
The One

The description of the technological scheme of the granulation site at the Borinsky sugar plant is given, with an analysis of the work of the main types of technological equipment to identify problem areas of production. It is established that the use of such a promising press as the one of the Babbinni company allows you to get pulp with a humidity of 68-76 %. To dry it in a drum dryer to a humidity of 11–13%, 170 m3 of natural gas is consumed per 1 ton of pulp. The technological process of obtaining granulated beet pulp includes pressing the initial beet pulp with an initial humidity of 85–90% to a humidity of 68–76 %; drying the pressed pulp with a heat carrier at a temperature of 110–140 °C for 90–120 minutes to a final humidity of 11–13 %; cleaning pellets from metal-magnetic impurities; granulating the pulp (the diameter of the pellets is 10 mm); cooling pellets to a temperature of 30–35 °C; fractionation of pellets into large and small fractions; weighing and shipping granulated beet pulp to the warehouse of finished products. The technological modes influence analysis of beet pulp pressing, drying and granulating processes at the Borinsky sugar plant showed the need to introduce a second stage of pressing to further reduce the moisture content in the pressed pulp. Obtaining pressed pulp with a lower moisture content will significantly reduce the energy consumption for moisture evaporation in the drum dryer. Reducing the duration of the heat drying process of pressed beet pulp in a drum dryer will significantly increase the nutritional value of the granulated beet pulp produced.

CATFISH DRYING (Clarias Batraclus) USING ‘TEKO BERSAYAP’ SOLAR DRYER

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-20
Author(s):  
Yuwana Yuwana
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Ambient Relative Humidity ◽  
Solar Dryer

Experiment on catfish drying employing ‘Teko Bersayap’ solar dryer was conducted. The result of the experiment indicated that the dryer was able to increase ambient temperature up to 44% and decrease ambient relative humidity up to 103%. Fish drying process followed equations : KAu = 74,94 e-0,03t for unsplitted fish and KAb = 79,25 e-0,09t for splitted fish, where KAu = moisture content of unsplitted fish (%), KAb = moisture content of splitted fish (%), t = drying time. Drying of unsplitted fish finished in 43.995 hours while drying of split fish completed in 15.29 hours. Splitting the fish increased 2,877 times drying rate.

scholarly journals Influence of Different Hot Air Drying Temperatures on Drying Kinetics, Shrinkage, and Colour of Persimmon Slices

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Senadeera ◽  
Adiletta ◽  
Önal ◽  
Di Matteo ◽  
Russo
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Air Velocity ◽  
Hot Air Drying ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Air Drying ◽  
Drying Characteristics ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Hot Air

Drying characteristics of persimmon, cv. “Rojo Brillante”, slabs were experimentally determined in a hot air convective drier at drying temperatures of 45, 50, 55, 60, and 65 °C at a fixed air velocity of 2.3 m/s. It was observed that the drying temperature affected the drying time, shrinkage, and colour. Four empirical mathematical models namely, Enderson and Pabis, Page, Logarithmic, and Two term, were evaluated in order to deeply understand the drying process (moisture ratio). The Page model described the best representation of the experimental drying data at all investigated temperatures (45, 50, 55, 60, 65 °C). According to the evaluation of the shrinkage models, the Quadratic model provided the best representation of the volumetric shrinkage of persimmons as a function of moisture content. Overall, higher drying temperature (65 °C) improved the colour retention of dried persimmon slabs.

Comparison of Drying Kinetics of Maize in Oven and in Pilot Silo Dryer: Influence on Moisture Content and Physical Characteristics

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 599-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flávia Daiana Montanuci ◽  
Raphaela Mulato Cavalcante ◽  
Camila Augusto Perussello ◽  
Luiz Mario de Matos Jorge
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Temperature Increase ◽  
Drying Kinetics ◽  
Final Moisture Content ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Drying Time ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Design And Optimization ◽  
Process Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of

Abstract The study of process kinetics may aid the design and optimization of drying systems. This paper evaluated the influence of drying temperature (40, 60 and 80 °C) on the moisture content, drying rate, density, shrinkage and breakage of maize dried in two different dryers: oven and silo dryer. In both dryers, the temperature increase reduced drying time, final moisture content and shrinkage of the grains, however increased breakage. Drying rate was higher in the oven (6.4×10−4±2.3×10−4s−1 versus 5.4×10−4±1.2×10−4s−1), while shrinkage (15.2±4.7 % versus 24.4±5.6 %) and density increase (16.6±5.9 % versus 33.4±5.8 %) were more intense in the silo. There was a large release of husk in the silo dryer and the moisture content was slightly smaller in the lower layers respective to the upper ones.

scholarly journals Mathematical Model for Solar Drying of Grains

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
A. O. Fagunwa ◽  
O. A. Aregbesola ◽  
M. O. Faborode
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Solar Drying ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Complex Procedure ◽  
Unique Method ◽  
Complex Phenomena

Mathematical modeling of drying process is a complex procedure that should be carefully done. Moreso, model for solar drying, which is a unique method of drying due to constant fluctuation in the climatic conditions, requires complete integration of the complex phenomena that are involved for accurate prediction of moisture content and drying rate. A mathematical model was developed from heat and mass balance equation considering the physical and thermal properties of the grain, meteorological factors and convective heat transfer during solar drying of grains. The data obtained from the model was compared with experimental results obtained using a solar dryer to dry five selected grains – cowpea, soyabean, groundnut, maize and sorghum at airflow rates of 0.22 m/s, 0.76 m/s and 0.94 m/s. The results from statistical analysis and regression analyses used to compare the results showed that the model is adequate in predicting the moisture content and drying rate of the selected grains as well as other agricultural products with closer physical and thermal properties.

scholarly journals Kajian Pengering Kopi Gayo Semi Basah Menggunakan Alat Pengering Tipe Hohenheim

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-371
Author(s):  
Antoni Hardi ◽  
Ichwana Ichwana ◽  
Rita Khathir
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Arabica Coffee ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Average Daily Temperature ◽  
Coffee Beans ◽  
Simple Technology

Abstrak. Sebagai produsen kopi Arabica, masyarakat Gayo terkendala pada suhu lokal di Aceh Tengah yang relatif dingin dan teknologi sederhana yang digunakan untuk proses pengeringan kopi. Suhu rata-rata harian adalah 23-29°C. Bahan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu biji kopi yang diolah dengan metode semi basah sebanyak 9kg. Parameter penelitian meliputi suhu pengeringan, kelembaban relatif, kadar air dan rendemen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu pengeringan menggunakan alat pengering Hohenheim jauh lebih tinggi sekitar 10-20°C dari suhu pengeringan secara penjemuran. Proses pengeringan kopi labu sampai bisa digiling membutuhkan waktu selama 12 jam yaitu 8 jam pada hari pertama dan 4 jam pada hari ke-2. Sedangkan proses pengeringan tahap 2 membutuhkan waktu selama 16 jam sampai menghasilkan kopi beras dengan kadar air 9,32%. Kualitas kopi beras yang dihasilkan sudah baik dengan kadar air  yang sudah memenuhi standar SNI, tidak berbau busuk, dan tidak terkontaminasi. Nilai rendemen kopi beras berbasis kopi labu adalah 35%.Study of Drying Semi Washed Gayo Coffee Use Dryer Type Hohenheim Abstrack. As an Arabica coffee producer, the Gayo community is constrained by the relatively cold local temperatures in Central Aceh and the simple technology used for the coffee drying process. The average daily temperature is 23-29 ° C. The material used in this study was coffee beans which were processed by the semi-wet method of 9kg. Research parameters include drying temperature, relative humidity, moisture content and yield. The results showed that the drying temperature using a Hohenheim dryer is much higher around 10-20 ° C than the drying temperature by drying. The process of drying pumpkin coffee until it can be ground needs 12 hours, which is 8 hours on the first day and 4 hours on the second day. While the process of drying stage 2 takes 16 hours to produce rice coffee with a moisture content of 9.32%. The quality of rice coffee produced is good with water content that meets SNI standards, does not smell bad, and is not contaminated. The yield of pumpkin coffee-based rice coffee is 35%.

Analytic Study on On-Line Model of Moisture in Hot Air Drying Process of Grain

2017 ◽  
Vol 872 ◽  
pp. 360-372
Author(s):  
Zhi Wei Mai ◽  
Bi Ying Wang ◽  
Chang You Li
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Counter Flow ◽  
Drying Characteristics ◽  
Concurrent Flow ◽  
Content Ratio ◽  
Real Time Tracking ◽  
Drying Technology

This study aims to review variation pattern of moisture content ratio of grains in deep-bed drying process, guide the drying technology design, realize real-time tracking and regulation in drying process, improve the quality of drying process and reduce energy consumption. Based on the moisture diffusion model in thin layer drying process, the principle of mass conservation of deep drying process, state function and irreversible thermodynamics analytic method, we have established and solved basic equations of deep-bed drying of grains, obtained the moisture content ratio of grains and analysis formula of drying velocity distribution in processes of concurrent flow drying, counter flow drying, cross-flow drying and standing drying and resolved the sustained decreasing drying process of grains in the concurrent flow drying and extreme point of drying rate in the counter-flow drying. Under the same conditions of temperature, humidity and air output, the drying velocity in counter-flow drying significantly higher than that in the concurrent flow drying. It means the energy utilization effects in counter-flow drying is better than that in the concurrent flow drying. Drying characteristics of grains in cross-flow drying and standing flow drying are the same, while drying rates in inlet-air side and outlet-air side vary widely. It means that when the layer thickness is 0.5m and the moisture content is over 20%, the drying rate in outlet-air side is nearly zero and the drying uniformity is bad. Tests on 5HP-3.5 recirculation drier shows that maximum deviation between analytic value and measured value in deep drying process is 0.69% and the range scope is -0.27%-0.69%. From the drying characteristics of grains, deviations mainly come from instrument detection deviations. The analytic method has important significance for realizing real-time tracking and regulation in drying process, guiding drying technology design, reducing energy consumption, increasing drying rate and drying machine capacity.

scholarly journals Effect of steam thermal treatment on the drying process of Eucalyptus dunnii variables

CERNE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 637-645 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias Taylor Durgante Severo ◽  
Ivan Tomaselli ◽  
Fred Willians Calonego ◽  
André Luiz Ferreira ◽  
Lourival Marin Mendes
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Moisture Gradient ◽  
Steam Treatment ◽  
Drying Rate ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Intermediate Layers ◽  
Eucalyptus Dunnii ◽  
Electric Oven ◽  
Heating Up

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of steam treatment prior to drying on the initial moisture content, moisture gradient, and drying rate in Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden wood. Boards were steamed at 100ºC for 3 h after 1 h of heating-up. Part of these boards was dried in a drying electric oven at 50ºC, and part was dried at kiln. The results showed that the steaming prior to drying of wood: (1) significantly reduced by 9.2% the initial moisture content; (2) significantly increased by 6.2% the drying rate; (3) significantly decreased by 15.6 and 14.8% the moisture gradient between the outer layer and the center of boards and between the outer and intermediate layers of boards, respectively. Steamed boards when dried in an oven showed drying rate of 0.007065 whereas in kiln were 0.008200 and 0.034300 from green to 17 and 17 to 12% moisture content, respectively. It was demonstrated that the steaming prior to drying can be suitable for reduces the drying times of this kind of wood.

scholarly journals Process optimisation of vacuum drying of onion slices

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 586-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mitra ◽  
S.L. Shrivastava ◽  
P.S. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Numerical Technique ◽  
Colour Change ◽  
Vacuum Drying ◽  
Slice Thickness ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Rehydration Ratio ◽  
Drying Temperature ◽  
Treated Sample ◽  
Full Factorial

Dehydration of untreated and pre-treated onion slices under vacuum was optimised using the response surface methodology. The effects of the drying temperature (50&ndash;70&deg;C), slice thickness (1&ndash;5 mm), and treatment (5% NaCl and 0.2% K<sub>2</sub>S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>) were observed on the responses, viz. final moisture content, colour change, flavour content, and rehydration ratio of the dehydrated onion slices. Full factorial design was employed for the analysis. Optimisation of the vacuum drying process was achieved based on the criteria of maximum flavour retention, 3&ndash;3.5% db moisture content, acceptable colour, and rehydration ratio using numerical technique. The optimum condition for the treated sample was found at 58.66&deg;C drying temperature and 4.95 mm slice thickness. Optimum values of the response parameters, namely the moisture content, colour, flavour content, and rehydration ratio were obtained as 3.5% d.b., 30.33 OI/g dried sample; 4.35 &mu;mol/g dried sample and 4.82, respectively.

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