scholarly journals Experimental Study of Paddy Grain Drying in Continuous Recirculation System Pneumatic Conveyor

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 05022
Author(s):  
Totok Prasetyo ◽  
Listiyana Riska ◽  
Rahim Arlanta ◽  
Siswo Sumardiono

Nowadays, paddy drying using conventional method is irrelevant to used. The increasing need of grain each year is one of the main factor that pushes scientist to invent new methods of drying paddy grain. The old method is unusefull since it takes up space, needed the sun as the drying media which causes a long drying time. One of the alternative of drying paddy grain is by using mechanic dryer. By using this dryer type, the process of drying takes faster comparing to the old method and the distribution of grain is supplied continuously. The dryer which uses pneumatic conveyor can be one of the solution due to its less energy consumption, a better drying result, and high drying capacity. The variable used to identify drying performance is temperature and loading weight. From the experiment, it is resulted that the best temperature for drying paddy grain is 60°C with the weight loading of 150 gram.

Electrician ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Mohammad Al Faris ◽  
Sri Purwiyanti ◽  
Herlinawati Herlinawati

Intisari — Pada zaman modern banyak produk-produk manufaktur yang serba otomatis untuk membantu manusia dalam mengerjakan pekerjaannya. Salah satu kerja yang membutuhkan bantuan mesin adalah pengering gabah. Pada saat ini pengeringan gabah dilakukan dengan konvensional yaitu dijemur di terik matahari dan bila cuaca mendung maka tidak dilakukan penjemuran. Oleh karena itu dibutuhkan alat yang terintegrasi. Alat pengeringan otomatis ini menggunakan mikrokontroler untuk mengatur kerja blower DC, motor driver L298N, Motor DC pengaduk gabah, Sensor suhu, dan Sensor kelembaban & suhu.  Pada alat ini menggunakan gabah dengan massa 0.5 kg, 1 kg, 1.5 kg, 2 kg dan 3 kg waktu pengeringan gabah dengan rata-rata waktu di setiap massa 36, 52.6, 65.8, 73.2, dan 83.2 menit dengan kelembaban dan suhu awal sama yaitu 80% & 26º C dan daya 120 Watt. Hasil dalam Proses selanjutnya yaitu dengan kelembaban awal 40%, 50% dan 60% dengan rata-rata waktu berturut-turut yaitu 34.8, 47.8, dan 63.2 menit. Dan hasil dari proses pengujian terakhir yang dilakukan di pagi hari dengan kelembaban dan suhu awal 89% & 20º C, siang hari dengan kelembaban dan suhu awal 80% dan 26ºC dan sore hari dengan kelembaban dan suhu awal 85% dan 23ºC didapatkan rata-rata waktu berturu-turut yaitu 75, 52.6 dan 63.4 Menit. Kelembaban standar yang telah diatur adalah 32% kelembaban tersebut hampir setara dengan kelembaban gabah yang telah disurvey yaitu 25% di tengah terik matahari dengan suhu 35ºC.   Kata kunci — Mikrokontroler, Pengeringan Gabah, Motor DC.     Abstract — In modern times many manufacturing products are completely automated to help people in their work. One job that requires the help of a machine is grain dryer. At this time grain drying is done conventionally, which is dried in the sun and when the weather is cloudy, drying is not done. Therefore we need an integrated tool. This automatic drying tool uses a microcontroller to regulate the work of DC blowers, L298N motor drivers, grain stirring DC motors, temperature sensors, and humidity & temperature sensors. In this tool using grain with a mass of 0.5 kg, 1 kg, 1.5 kg, 2 kg and 3 kg of grain drying time with an average time in each mass 36, 52.6, 65.8, 73.2, and 83.2 minutes with the same humidity and initial temperature ie 80% & 26º C and 120 Watt power. The results in the next process are with initial humidity of 40%, 50% and 60% with an average of consecutive times of 34.8, 47.8, and 63.2 minutes. And the results of the last testing process conducted in the morning with humidity and initial temperature of 89% & 20ºC, during the day with humidity and initial temperature of 80% and 26ºC and in the afternoon with humidity and initial temperature of 85% and 23ºC obtained an average time respectively 75, 52.6 and 63.4 Minutes. The standard humidity that has been set is 32%, the humidity is almost equivalent to the humidity of the grain that has been surveyed, which is 25% in the hot sun with a temperature of 35ºC.   Keywords— Microcontroller, Grain Drying, DC Motor.


2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 2471-2480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Phyo Ahn ◽  
Seong Hwan Kim ◽  
Yong Gap Park ◽  
Man Yeong Ha

Author(s):  
Wahyu Kristian Sugandi ◽  
Boy Macklin P ◽  
Ahmad Thoriq ◽  
Fikrialdis Rifki

Grain (Oryza sativa L) drying process is generally still done traditionally by direct sunlight. The drying process has several disadvantages such as it can only be done when sunlight is available, a longer drying time, a large area, requirement. An alternative that could be done to dry the grain in addition to using traditional drying was to use a grain dryer machines with do Wargi Mekar Farmer at Kerawang. There are several fuels that are used as heat sources for rice drying machines, one of them is firewood. This study aimed to measure the actual capacity of the wood-fired grain dryer, and also to analyzed the efficiency of drying and specific energy consumption to dry the grain. The research method used is descriptive analysis research method, namely data collection, data processing and data analysis. Research resulted that grain drying using a grain dryer as much as 761 kg.hr-1 . The yield of dry grain is 89.77%, and the value of weight loss is 10.33%. The moisture content of the material after drying is 13.06% wet basis. The drying efficiency in the process was 17.19% and the specific energy consumption was 15,318.24 KJ / Kg water vapor. Keywords: efficiency energy, grain drying, specific energy consumption


Author(s):  
Junaidah Jailani ◽  
◽  
Norsyalifa Mohamad ◽  
Muhammad Amirul Omar ◽  
Hauashdh Ali ◽  
...  

According to the National Energy Balance report released by the Energy Commission of Malaysia in 2016, the residential sector uses 21.6% of the total energy in Malaysia. Residents waste energy through inefficient energy consumption and a lack of awareness. Building occupants are considered the main factor that influences energy consumption in buildings, and to change energy consumption on an overall scale, it is crucial to change individual behaviour. Therefore, this study focused on analysing the energy consumption pattern and the behaviour of consumers towards energy consumption in their homes in the residential area of Batu Pahat, Johor. A self-administrated questionnaire approach was employed in this study. The findings of this study showed that the excessive use of air conditioners was a significant factor in the increasing electricity bills of homeowners as well as the inefficient use of electrical appliances. Also, this study determined the effect of awareness on consumer behaviour. This study recommends ways to help minimise energy consumption in the residential area.


1996 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baozhen Wang ◽  
Wenyi Dong ◽  
Jinlan Zhang ◽  
Xiangdong Cao

The results of an experimental study conducted in a full-scale high rate pond system treating piggery wastewater at Jianfengshan Piggery, Panyu City, Guandong Province, are presented. The system consists of two advanced anaerobic ponds (AAP) in parallel, followed by an anaerobic transformation pond (ATP) and a five-cell algae-bacterial pond (ABP). The mechanism of the AAP is described and the hydraulic flow pattern analyzed. Fermentation pits (FP) built on the bottom performed very efficiently, operating like UASB in principle. A new concept of ATP is advanced, based on its ability to transform poorly degradable materials to more easily degradable ones. It was found in the study that the HRP system was more efficient, more reliable and saved 40% land area compared with a conventional pond system. Economic analyses of both the energy consumption and the benefit to the pond system of fish farming are also included in the paper.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 563-572
Author(s):  
Iman Golpour ◽  
Mohammad Kaveh ◽  
Reza Amiri Chayjan ◽  
Raquel P. F. Guiné

AbstractThis research work focused on the evaluation of energy and exergy in the convective drying of potato slices. Experiments were conducted at four air temperatures (40, 50, 60 and 70°C) and three air velocities (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 m/s) in a convective dryer, with circulating heated air. Freshly harvested potatoes with initial moisture content (MC) of 79.9% wet basis were used in this research. The influence of temperature and air velocity was investigated in terms of energy and exergy (energy utilization [EU], energy utilization ratio [EUR], exergy losses and exergy efficiency). The calculations for energy and exergy were based on the first and second laws of thermodynamics. Results indicated that EU, EUR and exergy losses decreased along drying time, while exergy efficiency increased. The specific energy consumption (SEC) varied from 1.94 × 105 to 3.14 × 105 kJ/kg. The exergy loss varied in the range of 0.006 to 0.036 kJ/s and the maximum exergy efficiency obtained was 85.85% at 70°C and 0.5 m/s, while minimum exergy efficiency was 57.07% at 40°C and 1.5 m/s. Moreover, the values of exergetic improvement potential (IP) rate changed between 0.0016 and 0.0046 kJ/s and the highest value occurred for drying at 70°C and 1.5 m/s, whereas the lowest value was for 70°C and 0.5 m/s. As a result, this knowledge will allow the optimization of convective dryers, when operating for the drying of this food product or others, as well as choosing the most appropriate operating conditions that cause the reduction of energy consumption, irreversibilities and losses in the industrial convective drying processes.


Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3912
Author(s):  
Wassim Salameh ◽  
Jalal Faraj ◽  
Elias Harika ◽  
Rabih Murr ◽  
Mahmoud Khaled

In the context of a world energy crisis, the only solution to control the situation is in the management of energy. One of the most important management keys is the optimization of electrical components. This article presents a complete numerical and experimental study aiming for the optimization of electrical water heaters for household use. The optimization conceives the minimization of energy consumption simultaneously with the minimization of time to heat water. Firstly, a thermal model well adapted for the case of heaters is constructed and validated experimentally and then a parametric study is conducted covering all the input power, the volume and the external area of the heater. Results are promising, showing significant energy savings are possible with an optimum setting of these parameters, thus presenting a firm tool for the optimization of heaters.


Energy ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 122555
Author(s):  
Wei Liao ◽  
Yimo Luo ◽  
Jinqing Peng ◽  
Dengjia Wang ◽  
Chenzhang Yuan ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Krantz

By policy design, consumers are supposed to save money when they invest in solar energy. This paper presents a case study of what happens when a church goes solar and the finances go wrong. Following the installation of solar-photovoltaic panels, the Arizona church—in the Valley of the Sun, among the sunniest places in the country—decreased its energy consumption, but its electric bills went up. Through oral-history interviews of key stakeholders, the author investigates what happened, and what could be done to prevent other religious institutions and nonprofits from experiencing the church’s fate.


2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1 (94)) ◽  
pp. 20-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gennadii Golub ◽  
Vasyl Lukach ◽  
Mykola Ikalchyk ◽  
Viktor Tesliuk ◽  
Viacheslav Chuba

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