scholarly journals Remediation of Clayey Soil Using Silica Fume

2018 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 01017
Author(s):  
Kawther Al-Soudany
Keyword(s):  
Silica Fume ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Clay Material ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Pozzolanic Reactivity ◽  
Fine Grained Soil ◽  
Swell Pressure

This paper evaluates the use of silica fumes as modification of fine-grained soil in order to alter undesirable properties of the native soil and create new useful soils. Silica fume as well as clay material, are used in changing the engineering properties to be compatible and satisfying this is due to their pozzolanic reactivity. The study aims to investigate the uses of these materials in geotechnical engineering and to improve the properties of soils. Four percentages of silica fumes were used in the present study, which is 0, 3, 5 and 7%. Classification, specific gravity, compaction characteristics, swell and swell pressure, CBR and compressive strength tests had been conducted on the prepared and modified soils. Results clarified that the silica fume increasing leads to decrease the plasticity index and liquid limit. Increasing in silica fume causes an increasing in plastic limit and optimum water contents while the maximum dry unit weight values decrease. The compressive shear strength, California Bearing Ratio (CBR), swell and swell pressure is improved by using silica fume so that silica fume can be considered as a successful material in improving the soil properties.

Behavior of a fine-grained soil during the Loma Prieta earthquake

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross W Boulanger ◽  
Mark W Meyers ◽  
Lelio H Mejia ◽  
Izzat M Idriss
Keyword(s):  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Lateral Spreading ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Loma Prieta Earthquake ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Fine Grained Soil ◽  
Loma Prieta ◽  
Excess Pore Pressures

Results of an investigation into the behavior of a fine-grained clayey soil at Moss Landing during the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake are presented. A deposit of this soil underlies portions of the Moss Landing Marine Laboratory that experienced up to 1.3 m of lateral spreading deformations during this magnitude 7 earthquake. Silty clay from the deposit erupted to the surface in a "soil boil" characteristic of liquefaction, during and immediately after the earthquake. A sample from the silty clay boil had a liquid limit of 38, a plasticity index of 17, and a <5 µm fraction of 24%, and thus would be considered nonliquefiable according to commonly used criteria. Analysis of cyclic triaxial test data suggests that portions of the silty clay deposit likely developed high residual excess pore pressures (ru,r approx 80-90%) and significant shear strains during the earthquake and thus likely contributed to the observed lateral deformations. The field and laboratory data show that commonly used criteria for identifying "liquefiable" clayey soils should be applied with caution and should not be indiscriminately viewed as a substitute for detailed laboratory and in situ testing of low plasticity fine-grained soils.Key words: liquefaction, cyclic loading, silt, clay, earthquake, case history.

scholarly journals Improvement of engineering soil properties using non -traditional additives

2018 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 01027
Author(s):  
Mohanned Waheed ◽  
Noor Asmael
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Untreated Soil ◽  
Treated Soil ◽  
Dry Soil ◽  
Engineering Soil

Laboratory experiments are conducted to evaluate the effect of some non-traditional additives on the engineering properties of clayey soil, which show problematic phenomenon when used as a construction material. The conducted tests covered the influence of these additives on various parameters like consistency limits, compaction characteristics and CBR value. Two nontraditional stabilizers are selected in this study, polymers and phosphoric acid at three different percent which are (1%, 3% and 5%) of the dry soil weight. It is concluded that addition of the polymer to the clayey soil results in a slight increase in plastic limit while the liquid limit is not affected accompanied by a marginal decrease in the dry unit weight while the optimum moisture content remains unaffected. The addition of phosphoric acid to the clayey soil has no effect on its Atterberg limits. In general, it is observed that polymer is found to be ineffective as a stabilizer to improve clayey soils, especially in small amounts of about (3%). The phosphoric acid treated soil gained better improvement for all amounts of additive used. For (3%) acid treated soil the CBR is about (360%) compared to that of untreated soil, for that, it can be concluded that the improvement using phosphoric acid in the clay soils is a promising option and can be applied to solve the geotechnical stabilization problems.

scholarly journals Influence of Waste Toothbrush Fiber on Strength and Freezing–Thawing Behavior in High Plasticity Clay

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatih Isik ◽  
R. Kagan Akbulut ◽  
A. Sahin Zaimoglu
Keyword(s):  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Polypropylene Fiber ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
High Plasticity ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Reinforcement Material ◽  
Fine Grained Soil ◽  
High Plasticity Clay ◽  
Waste Polypropylene

AbstractThe use of waste materials in civil engineering applications has gained importance nowadays. Consuming limited natural resources and increasing waste disposal costs have led researchers to evaluate waste materials for different geotechnical applications. In this respect, some waste materials are used as reinforcement in soils to improve their engineering properties. The main objective of this paper was to investigate the usability of waste polypropylene fiber as a reinforcement material in high plasticity fine-grained soils. For this purpose, waste toothbrush bristle (WTB) was used as a polypropylene fiber reinforcement material and added to fine-grained soil at ratios of 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6% and 0.8% by dry total weight. The effect of WTB on freezing–thawing behavior and unconfined compression strength of unreinforced and reinforced clayey soil was evaluated. The results indicated that addition of WTB to high plasticity clay improved its behavior against freezing–thawing. Also, undrained shear strength increases with respect to increment in WTB ratio.

scholarly journals Impact of Silica on Geotechnical Properties of Clayey Soil Present in Edfu- Aswan, Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Ashraf Ghanem ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Silica Fume ◽  
Clayey Soil ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Cohesive Soils ◽  
Clayey Soils ◽  
Maximum Dry Density ◽  
Glass Spheres ◽  
A Site

It may be necessary to improve the engineering properties of clayey soils to make them suitable for construction by using some kind of stabilization methods. Treatment with lime, cement or waste materials such as silica fume (SF) has traditionally been used for the stabilization of clayey soils. The soil chosen in this research was extracted from a site in Edfu- Aswan, Egypt. Investigating the effect of properties of cohesive soils when mixed with SF is the main objective of this study. Silica fume is a mineral made up of ultra-fine solid, amorphous silicon dioxide glass spheres (SiO2) from the metallurgical industries company (E.JS.C) in Edfu. A series of laboratory experiments for samples prepared with different percentages were implemented of SF 0%, 2%, 4%, 6%,8%, and 10%. The results show that the blend will increase the maximum dry density of clayey soils. Their Plasticity Index and the liquid limit would increase, the permeability of clayey soil decreases, the unconfined compression strength will increase. All of these results can be summarized to say that the engineering properties of cohesive soils can be improved by combining Silica Fume and clayey soils together.

scholarly journals Modeling the Compaction Characteristics of Fine-Grained Soils Blended with Tire-Derived Aggregates

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7737
Author(s):  
Amin Soltani ◽  
Mahdieh Azimi ◽  
Brendan C. O’Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Energy Levels ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Unit Weight ◽  
Power Functions ◽  
Compaction Characteristics ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Practical Procedure ◽  
Fine Grained Soil

This study aims at modeling the compaction characteristics of fine-grained soils blended with sand-sized (0.075–4.75 mm) recycled tire-derived aggregates (TDAs). Model development and calibration were performed using a large and diverse database of 100 soil–TDA compaction tests (with the TDA-to-soil dry mass ratio ≤ 30%) assembled from the literature. Following a comprehensive statistical analysis, it is demonstrated that the optimum moisture content (OMC) and maximum dry unit weight (MDUW) for soil–TDA blends (across different soil types, TDA particle sizes and compaction energy levels) can be expressed as universal power functions of the OMC and MDUW of the unamended soil, along with the soil to soil–TDA specific gravity ratio. Employing the Bland–Altman analysis, the 95% upper and lower (water content) agreement limits between the predicted and measured OMC values were, respectively, obtained as +1.09% and −1.23%, both of which can be considered negligible for practical applications. For the MDUW predictions, these limits were calculated as +0.67 and −0.71 kN/m3, which (like the OMC) can be deemed acceptable for prediction purposes. Having established the OMC and MDUW of the unamended fine-grained soil, the empirical models proposed in this study offer a practical procedure towards predicting the compaction characteristics of the soil–TDA blends without the hurdles of performing separate laboratory compaction tests, and thus can be employed in practice for preliminary design assessments and/or soil–TDA optimization studies.

scholarly journals Compressibility behaviour of remoulded, fine-grained soils and correlation with index properties

2000 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 712-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Sridharan ◽  
H B Nagaraj
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Plasticity Index ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Index Properties ◽  
Initial Water ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Water Contents

Correlating engineering properties with index properties has assumed greater significance in the recent past in the field of geotechnical engineering. Although attempts have been made in the past to correlate compressibility with various index properties individually, all the properties affecting compressibility behaviour have not been considered together in any single study to examine which index property of the soil correlates best with compressibility behaviour, especially within a set of test results. In the present study, 10 soils covering a sufficiently wide range of liquid limit, plastic limit, and shrinkage limit were selected and conventional consolidation tests were carried out starting with their initial water contents almost equal to their respective liquid limits. The compressibility behaviour is vastly different for pairs of soils having nearly the same liquid limit, but different plasticity characteristics. The relationship between void ratio and consolidation pressure is more closely related to the shrinkage index (shrinkage index = liquid limit - shrinkage limit) than to the plasticity index. Wide variations are seen with the liquid limit. For the soils investigated, the compression index relates better with the shrinkage index than with the plasticity index or liquid limit.Key words: Atterberg limits, classification, clays, compressibility, laboratory tests.

scholarly journals Measurement of Degree of Compaction of Fine-Grained Soil Subgrade Using Light Dynamic Penetrometer

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Junhui Zhang ◽  
Yongsheng Yao ◽  
Jianlong Zheng ◽  
Xiangqun Huang ◽  
Tian Lan
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
Liquid Limit ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Penetration Ratio ◽  
Good Consistency ◽  
Fine Grained Soil ◽  
Measured Water ◽  
Water Contents

To determine the degree of compaction of subgrades filled with fine-grained soil, the compaction test and light dynamic penetrometer (LDP) test were carried out for low liquid-limit clay samples with different water contents in laboratory. Then, a prediction equation of the penetration ratio (PR) defined as the depth per drop of the hammer of LDP, degree of compaction (K), and water content (ω) was built. After that, the existing fine-grained soil subgrades on LDP-based field tests were excavated. The on-site PR values, water contents, and degrees of compaction of slopes were obtained. The estimated degrees of compaction using the prediction equation were compared with measured values of the degree of compaction in field. The results show that there is good consistency between them, and an error within 3.5% was obtained. In addition, the water content should be determined firstly while using the prediction equation which is proposed in this study. Therefore, a numerical method of the water content of a subgrade was developed, and the predicted and measured water contents were compared, which shows a relatively high relativity. Then, the degree of compaction of fine-grained soil subgrades can be calculated according to the predicting equation, which involves the penetration ratio (PR) and the numerically calculated water content as input instead of the measured value in the field.

Behaviour of compacted fine-grained soil in a brine environment

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. J. D. Ridley ◽  
J. K. Bewtra ◽  
J. A. McCorquodale
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Montmorillonite Clay ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Solution Composition ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Fine Grained Soil ◽  
Brine Environment

The hydraulic conductivity and engineering properties of compacted fine-grained soils change with time when exposed to a 30% NaCl brine environment. The hydraulic conductivity of brine was found to be greater than that of water in soils where the dominant clay mineral was montmorillonite, whereas a soil rich in illite and kaolinite was virtually insensitive to variations in solution composition. Increases in brine hydraulic conductivities were most pronounced in soils high in montmorillonite where sodium was the dominant adsorbed ion. They demonstrated the most labile hydraulic conductivities. Fine-grained soils, high in montmorillonite clay content, were prone to alteration in engineering properties when soaked in a 30% NaCl brine. However, brine soaking had little effect on soils rich in illite–kaolinite.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document