scholarly journals Substitution of the labor market in the construction industry by technical and automated systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 170 ◽  
pp. 01086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Prokhorov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Design Calculation ◽  
Manual Labor ◽  
Labor Intensity ◽  
Automated Systems ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Software Products ◽  
Total Labor

Construction is one of the oldest branches of the national economy. With the development of mankind, construction technologies, instruments of labor, machinery and mechanisms were developing as well. A large number of technological processes and operations performed in the design and construction of real estate, were carried out manually. Modern pace of economic development increase requirements on the speed of construction, its quality, as well as on reduction of the works labor intensity. The aim of the research was to determine the areas of construction in which it is advisable to replace manual labor, and also to develop recommendations for construction companies on the implementation of mechanization and automation in their production. During the research it was found that the area of design, calculation and logistics was automated almost 100%. At the same time, specifically when erecting buildings on Russian construction sites, up to 70% of the total labor volume is manual. Even in excavation and installation works, the level of manual operations of the machinists and accompanying workers is quite large. In the course of the analysis of the existing market of technologies and software products in the field of construction, there were determined the ways to reduce labor intensity and to increase the profitability of production.

scholarly journals A Study on Fire Safety on Residential and Commercial Construction Sites

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-174
Author(s):  
C. Sivakumar ◽  
R. Malathy ◽  
P. Sivaprakash
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Prolonged Exposure ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Legal Standards ◽  
Global Standards ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Safety Systems

AbstractThe construction industry in India is the country’s second largest industrial sector, after agriculture. The construction industry makes a remarkable contribution to the Indian economy and provides employment to a large number of people of India. Fire is a chemical reaction of a combustible substance with oxygen, involving heat and is usually accompanied by a visual flame or incandescence. Ensuring fire safety has always been a challenge to the stakeholders, i.e. building owners, construction companies, contractors and sub-contractors, and government employees due to the multiplicity of the factors involved and their complexity. There are various legal standards and requirements for ensuring fire safety on construction sites. The buildings are normally provided with firewalls during construction and these firewalls separate two structures or divide a structure into smaller portions to prevent the spread of fire. The lightweight construction and trusses are designed to support only their own weight. During a fire, if one fails, a domino effect happens and all fail rapidly within 5 to 10 minutes. Prolonged exposure to fire may result in structural collapse and injury or death of the occupants of the building under construction. Fire safety on construction sites is still in its primitive stages in India. There is a great necessity to improve fire safety on construction sites to protect construction workers and other occupants of the buildings. This study aims to design and implement fire safety systems for construction sites, thereby enhancing the standards to meet the system requirements at par with global standards.

scholarly journals Developing a Culture of Health and Safety on Construction Projects Framework in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (7) ◽  
pp. 1019-1022
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Nouban ◽  
Serah Onuh John
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Security Framework ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Safety Practices ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Government Construction ◽  
Construction Works

Managing health and safety on construction sites has always been a challenging issue faced by the Nigerian construction industry. Safety conditions on the construction sites depends on type or nature of work to be carried out and the management make commitment to implement safety projects concerning construction. There are no requirements assigned for implementing a security management system by the Nigerian government. Construction industries lacked a framework to implement security regarding projects on construction sites. Developing a Safety Framework can help professionals involved in carrying out construction works, implement and improve safety practices in executing their projects on sites. This study presents the development of a structure for implementing an effective health security on construction sites. An extensive review of the literature was carried out to design an appropriate security framework. The results underscore the requirement for competent personnel who must be appointed to ensure safety on construction sites. Finally, a security framework was developed in which companies can accept and adhere. The results of this research will help Nigerian construction companies to improve safety on construction sites.

Implementation challenges of COVID-19 safety measures at construction sites in South Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Amoah ◽  
Fredrick Simpeh
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Construction Site ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Implementation Challenges ◽  
Construction Companies

Purpose The COVID-19 pandemic drastically changed safety measures in every industry, including the construction industry. Thus, the construction companies have instituted safety measures at the construction sites to curve the disease’s spread among the workforce. This paper aims to examine the challenges encountered by construction firms in implementing COVID-19 safety measures at construction sites. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative research approach was adopted for this study using open-ended interview questions to solicit data from 19 construction professionals currently working on a construction project in South Africa. Content analysis with the assistance of an Excel spreadsheet was used to analyse the data collected. Findings The findings indicate that there are numerous challenges such as ignorance of COVID-19, the supply of poor personal protective equipment (PPEs) by contractors, lack of compliance, sanitising construction materials, difficulty in sharing tools and equipment, public transport usage by workers, superstition (COVID-19 is for a particular group of people), complying with social distancing rules, among others in the implementation of the COVID-19 safety measure at the construction site to curb the spread of the disease among the workers. These challenges have, therefore, hampered their effort to strictly adhere to the safety measures in accordance with the COVID-19 safety protocol at the project sites currently under construction. Research limitations/implications The interviewees were construction professionals working in the South African construction industry during the COVID-19 period. Practical implications The implication is that, due to the challenges faced in implementing the COVID-19 safety measures, workers on the construction site are not adequately protected from contracting COVID-19. The workers may thus contract the disease at the project sites and transmit it to their families and vice versa, which may have further implications on the spread of the disease within the communities and society. Originality/value The study has identified implementation challenges of the COVID-19 safety measures at construction sites of which the construction stakeholders must institute measures to overcome since COVID-19 has become part of our daily life. The study also recommends some preventive measures to the owners of construction companies to help overcome or minimise these COVID-19 safety implementation hurdles to minimise the spread of the disease among the construction site workers.

OVERVIEW OF SAFETY PERFORMANCE IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abubakar Sadiq Mahmoud ◽  
Mohd. Hamdan Ahmad ◽  
Yahya Mohd. Yatim
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Labor Cost ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Total Project Cost

The construction industry is one of the most dangerous industries worldwide due to deadly fatalities and accidents recorded yearly, compared to other sector of the economy in many countries. Though many safety programs have been established and implemented, the situation does not seem to have been mitigated the menace of accidents. Developing countries, like Nigeria, still lack laws and regulations on health and safety practices. The health and well-being of construction workers are being threatened by the increasing cases of injuries and casualties recorded at construction sites. The construction industry in Nigeria is also labor intensive with labor cost running between 40 to 65% of the total project cost. Operators are majorly categorized into multinational and indigenous construction companies. Indigenous companies in Nigeria are involved in an estimated 50-100% public and private clients in both traditional and non-traditional systems of procurement. However, indigenous companies’ record 2 and 5 percent accident and injury level among workers with 300% more risk than the multinationals. Thus, this paper aims to provide an overview of the construction safety performance and construction stakeholders’ operations in the construction industry of Nigeria. The overview is of potential benefit to the administrators of building development, building designers and policy makers.

INFLUENCE AND FACTORS OF FORMATION OF PUBLIC RISK MANAGEMENT MECHANISMS IN CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Prav ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Technology System ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages

The issues of economic development in conditions of high risks are becoming highly relevant. Modern trends in the development of the construction industry, as a multiplier of the economic development of the state, form a new system of requirements for the management of operational processes and strategic vectors of the construction industry, both at the macroeconomic level and at the level of individual regional systems and individual enterprises. The trend in the development of society and their influence on the formation of trends in the construction industry were analyzed in the article, taking into account their significant impact on the formation of risk management mechanisms for construction projects. Technologization processes were identified among the main trends in the development of the economy. They directly affect not only the operational work on the implementation of the construction project, but also form the need for personnel of appropriate qualifications, a decrease in the need for labor and an increase in the need for highly qualified specialists with the skills of working in the information technology system and automated construction management systems. The technology of commissioning modular housing, its advantages and disadvantages is considered in detail. The development of green construction is highlighted as a separate trend, which is an important factor in sustainable development and ensuring the competitiveness of construction enterprises. A new trend in the development of regional construction systems has been identified, namely, entry into the traditionally segmented regional markets of foreign investment construction companies, which create additional competitive factors for domestic enterprises. Accordingly, according to certain trends, risk systems were formulated, which are relatively new for the construction market, respectively, an analysis of the mechanisms for their minimization and avoidance was developed. The article analyzes the risks of the construction sector in accordance with the analysis of trends and tendencies in the development of the construction industry. For each block of risk elements, possible forms of response and warning have been identified. According to the analysis, recommendations are given for managing the risks of construction companies. The analyzed risks are considered from the point of view of the formation of mechanisms of state regulatory policy in order to form an effective construction system at the state and regional levels.

scholarly journals A GESTÃO DE RESÍDUOS DA CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL EM TERESINA – PIAUÍ [ The management of waste of civil construction in Teresina – Piauí ]

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tércia Emanuelle Ribeiro Alves ◽  
Maria Socorro Ferreira dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Construction Waste ◽  
The Public ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Final Destination ◽  
Construction And Demolition Wastes ◽  
Supervision And Management

RESUMO: O impacto ambiental causado pela produção e descarte de resíduos da indústria da construção civil é um dos principais do planeta, seja pela quantidade descartada diariamente ou pelo uso irracional das jazidas de recursos naturais. Este estudo buscou investigar a gestão dos resíduos da construção civil em Teresina – Piauí e envolveu levantamento bibliográfico e pesquisa de campo que foi realizada através da aplicação de questionários, visitas a canteiros da obra de construtoras, empresas terceirizadas atuantes na coleta de entulhos de construção civil e entrevista aos órgãos de fiscalização. A aplicação dos questionários trouxe como resultados, a quantidade de empresas atuantes no município, a quantidade de resíduos produzidos pelas empresas construtoras, suas composições e a destinação final dada pelas empresas recolhedoras. A verificação quanto à atuação dos órgãos públicos responsáveis pela fiscalização e gerenciamento dos resíduos de construção e demolição, mostrou que esta não ocorre de forma regular e que o mais comum é apenas mediante denúncias. A gestão dos resíduos da construção nos canteiros de obra de Teresina é ainda bastante falha com adoção de práticas não eficazes para a amenização do impacto ambiental causado por esses resíduos, sendo bastante deficiente em relação à destinação final adequada.  O intuito do estudo foi investigar o sistema de gestão de resíduos da construção civil em Teresina – Piauí.ABSTRACT: The environmental impact caused by the production and disposal of waste from the construction industry is one of the main issues on the planet, either by the quantity discarded daily or by the irrational use of natural resource deposits. This study sought to investigate the management of construction waste in Teresina - Piauí and involved a bibliographical survey and field research that was carried out through the application of questionnaires, visits to construction sites of contractors, outsourced companies involved in the collection of civil construction debris and interview the supervisory bodies. The application of the questionnaires resulted in the number of companies operating in the municipality, the amount of waste produced by the construction companies, their composition and the final destination given by the collecting companies. The verification of the performance of the public agencies responsible for the supervision and management of construction and demolition wastes has shown that this does not occur regularly and that the most common is only through complaints. The management of construction waste at Teresina's construction sites is still quite flawed with the adoption of ineffective practices for mitigating the environmental impact caused by these wastes and is quite deficient in relation to the final destination. The purpose of the study was to investigate the waste management system of the construction industry in Teresina – Piauí.

scholarly journals The Effects of Pandemic on Construction Industry in the UK

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Abdussalam Shibani ◽  
Dyaa Hassan ◽  
Nehal Shakir
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Commercial Development ◽  
Good Relationship ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
The World ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Study Participants

Pandemics such as: Covid-19 virus have a major impact on the economy of the world and the construction industry has not been exempted. This research investigates the effects of pandemic on construction industry in the UK, and particularly, ways in which the UK construction industry stakeholders such as project managers, contractors, engineers and subcontractors have responded to these pandemics. The research involved a 30 study participants who comprised site engineers, project managers, construction teams, subcontractors and contractors. The findings reported construction companies both dealing with residential and commercial development were major affected by Covid-19 pandemic due to lockdown and social distancing in construction sites. The strategy that was applied by construction companies was maintaining a good relationship with their suppliers and the safety of construction teams. The findings of the research will offer construction companies in the UK insights on how to deal with such pandemics in future to become more resilient.

scholarly journals Japanese infrastructure investment in Southeast Asia

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Tomoo Kikuchi1 ◽  
Sayaka Unzaki2
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Japanese Government ◽  
Public Infrastructure ◽  
Public Projects ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Private Sector Participation ◽  
Social And Economic Development ◽  
Japanese Companies

Japan’s investment in the domestic construction industry has fallen to less than half its peak in 1992. Given the country’s declining population, Japanese construction companies must go global to remain profitable. To what extent the Japanese government and Japanese companies can contribute to meeting the growing infrastructure needs in the region is unclear as Japanese companies have long been operating primarily in Japan. The Japanese government has in recent years passed a series of new laws that encourage private sector participation in financing, building and operating public infrastructure. Through involvement in such public projects, Japanese companies have developed the skills and technologies to build a variety of infrastructures that are resilient to natural disasters and adaptable to various geographical conditions and social and economic development. But the major challenge for Japanese companies is to transform their business model drastically from one that relies on the domestic market to one that contributes to the social and economic development of third countries.

scholarly journals Studies on Labour Safety in Construction Sites

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kanchana ◽  
P. Sivaprakash ◽  
Sebastian Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Safety Issues ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Safe Work

Construction industry has accomplished extensive growth worldwide particularly in past few decades. For a construction project to be successful, safety of the structures as well as that of the personnel is of utmost importance. The safety issues are to be considered right from the design stage till the completion and handing over of the structure. Construction industry employs skilled and unskilled labourers subject to construction site accidents and health risks. A proper coordination between contractors, clients, and workforce is needed for safe work conditions which are very much lacking in Indian construction companies. Though labour safety laws are available, the numerous accidents taking place at construction sites are continuing. Management commitment towards health and safety of the workers is also lagging. A detailed literature study was carried out to understand the causes of accidents, preventive measures, and development of safe work environment. This paper presents the results of a questionnaire survey, which was distributed among various categories of construction workers in Kerala region. The paper examines and discusses in detail the total working hours, work shifts, nativity of the workers, number of accidents, and type of injuries taking place in small and large construction sites.

scholarly journals Comparative study for assessing the OSH relationship to the quality of construction projects in Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (08) ◽  
pp. 305-313
Author(s):  
Ewais Farag Ali Emam ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Occupational Accidents ◽  
Construction Sites ◽  
Executive Management ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Construction Companies ◽  
Background Construction ◽  
Completion Times

Background: Construction and architectural projects(CAPs) play a significant role in the economic development of most countries. The construction industry in Egypt has significantly grown in recent years. Due to this growth, the number of occupational accidents in the country’s construction industry has also increased. Methods: This study aimed to assess the Occupational Safety and Health(OSH) field. Then, the assessment effects on the construction project quality are evaluated. The statistical analysis of the question naire surveys conducted on project safety, quality, and executive management at construction companies based on the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences(SPSS). Results: After comparing two sites, the research results indicated differences in completion times and overall costs between the two sites.70% of the respondents agreed that the completion times, costs, and project qualities vary between the two sites. About 92% of the sample completely agreed and were willing to follow the international laws, which stipulate the principles of OSH in construction sites. They also agreed that there should be an increased understand in gof the importance of OSH management in sites, which can help prevent clashes between the two departments. Conclusions: Companies should hire a social worker to take care of the workers, help them solve their problems, and ensure that safety standards are being met in the construction sites. In addition, regular medical examinations of all workers must be conducted to ensure that the yare free from any occupational, non-infectious, or infectious diseases, such as the coronavirus.

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