scholarly journals Effectivity comparison between aspirin, propolis, and bee pollen as an antiplatelet based on bleeding time taken on mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 07008
Author(s):  
Sake Juli Martina ◽  
Muhammad Luthfi ◽  
Pradeepa Govindan ◽  
Arlinda Sari Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Bleeding Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Placebo Administration ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Bee Pollen ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

The use of standard antiplatelet therapy for cardiovascular disease patients has many side effects. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of Propolis and Bee Pollen, two bee products, as antiplatelet and in comparison with Aspirin. This is an experimental study with posttest only control group design. The samples were 32 mice, divided into 4 groups: placebo, administration of aspirin (10.4 mg/kg-bw/day), Propolis (65 mg/kg-bw/day), and Bee Pollen (68 mg/kg-bw/day). The study was conducted for 12 days and the suspensions were given orally. The bleeding time was then measured using tail-bleeding technique. The data collected was bleeding time in seconds. All samples completed the study. The mean bleeding time for placebo, Aspirin, Propolis and Bee Pollen groups were 106.1, 442.9, 310.1, and 203 in seconds respectively. ANOVA and Bonferroni tests showed a significant difference between Propolis and placebo groups (p=0.003), no difference between Propolis and Aspirin groups (p=0.100), no difference between Bee Pollen and placebo groups (p=0.442), and a significant difference between Bee Pollen and Aspirin groups (p=0.000). Administration of Propolis in mice showed prolongation of bleeding time while Bee Pollen did not prove to have antiplatelet effects.

scholarly journals Efektivitas Metode Imla’ Manzur dalam Meningkatkan Keterampilan Menulis Bahasa Arab Siswa Madrasah Tsanawiyah

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Susanti Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Writing Skills ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Significant Difference

The lack of use the writing skills method raises several obstacles experienced by students, including weaknesses in understanding the basics of Arabic writing and difficulty in answering Arabic questions. Therefore, it is necessary to improve learning as an effort to improve writing skills by applying the imla’ manzur method. This research is an experimental study with a pretest-posttest control group design model, aimed at finding out the effectiveness of the imla’ manzur method. Data collection techniques in this study used observation, tests, questionnaires, interviews, and documentation. Then the validity of the data is tested using the independent sample t-test. The results obtained were that in the experimental class the mastery of Arabic writing skills of students after applying the imla’ manzur method had increased the average value from 52.08 to 78.57. Then, the results of the independent sample t-test showed a significant difference in the mastery of Arabic writing skills in the experimental class and the control class 0.000 < 0.05 after treatment, so that the conclusion of this study based on the data obtained showed that the application of the imla’ manzur method was effective in improving students Arabic writing skills. Evidenced by a significant increase in learning outcomes, student enthusiasm when taking turns to write vocabulary and sentences in Arabic on the board, as well as growing sensitivity of student analysis of Arabic writing skills.

scholarly journals THE COMPARISON OF THE EFFECT OF HONEY AND CHLORHEXIDINE IN PREVENTING VENTILATOR ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA IN PATIENTS ON MECHANICAL VENTILATON

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-167
Author(s):  
Syaukia Adini ◽  
Bedjo Santoso ◽  
Sarkum Sarkum ◽  
Sudirman Sudirman
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Honey Solution

Background: Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) is one of the causes of infection in the hospital and the main cause of death due to nosocomial infection. The strategy to prevent VAP is by oral hygiene. Honey may be a good solution for oral hygiene.Objective: This study aims to compare the effect of the use of 20% honey solution and 0.2% chlorhexidine as oral hygiene on VAP prevention in patients on mechanical ventilation.Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study with posttest only control group design in an incentive care unit of a general hospital in Indonesia. Thirty respondents were selected using consecutive sampling, which 15 respondents assigned in a 20% honey group and 0.2% chlorhexidine group. Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS) was used to measure Ventilator Associated Pneumonia. Data were analyzed using Independent t-test.Results: The mean of CPIS in the honey group was 3.33 and the chlorhexidine group was 3.53. Independent t-test showed p-value 0.618 (>0.05), which indicated that there was no significant difference of the effect of honey and chlorhexidine on VAP event.Conclusions: The 20% honey solution has the same effect with 0.2% chlorhexidine in preventing VAP events in patients on mechanical ventilation.

scholarly journals IMPROVING STUDENTS� VOCABULARY MASTERY THROUGH ELECTRONIC DICTIONARY

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Sri Yanti
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Electronic Dictionary ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Level Of Significance

This research is designed to investigate the use of electronic dictionary in improving students� vocabulary mastery. This quantitative research applied quasi-experimental with nonequivalent control group design by involving 65 second-grader of SMAN 1 Garawangi. There were two instruments used in this research, namely test, consisted of pretest and posttest, and questionnaire. As result, the findings showed that the mean score of experimental class on pretest was 53, and the mean score of experimental class achieved 86 after the treatment. The improvement of students� vocabulary mastery can also be seen from the level of significance (two-tailed) in paired t-test that was less than the alpha (0.000<0.05). It indicated that the null hypothesis was rejected and Ha was accepted which means that there was significant difference of means between pre-test and post-test of experimental class. Besides, most students endorsed ten items of questionnaire involving affective, behavioral, and cognitive aspects which means that most students in experimental class agreed that electronic dictionary can help them in improving their vocabulary mastery. Finally, the researcher concludes that the use of electronic dictionary can improve students� vocabulary mastery.Keywords: electronic dictionary, vocabulary mastery, quasi-experimental, nonequivalent control group

scholarly journals Default sequence of Mozart’s compositions during pregnancy gave higher dendritic density in the cerebrum and cerebellum of Rattus norvegicus offsprings compared with reversed sequence and control

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
Harry Mangasi Binsar Panjaitan ◽  
Hermanto Tri Joewono ◽  
Widjiati Widjiati
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Exposure Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
And Control

Objectives: This study aim to determine sequence of Mozart songs in the analyzing differences in dendritic density of cerebellum and cerebellum of new born Rattus novergicusMaterials and Methods: Experimental study randomized post test only control group design using Rattus norvegicus. Animal subjects were divided into three groups which were control group, and the treatment group that were given exposure to default sequence and reversed sequence of Mozart's music from gestation day 10. We used a comparison test in the analysis expression of BDNF.Results: In the cerebrum there was a significant difference in the Mozart group in reverse rather than with Mozart standard sequence and in standard Mozart group with no exposure group, with p=0.003 and p=0.000. In the cerebellum there was a significant difference in the group in reverse rather than with standard Mozart and in the standard Mozart group with the control group, with p=0.000 and p=0.000. However, there was no significant difference between control group and Mozart group upside down in cerebrum and cerebellum with p=0.109 and p=0.077Conclusion: The density of dendrites in the cerebrum and cerebellum of Rattus norvegicus newborn exposed to Mozart's music during pregnancy with standard Mozart sequence was higher than that in those receiving reverse order and without exposure. There were no significant differences between the density of the cerebrum and cerebellum dendrites between groups exposed to reversed sequence of Mozart composition and those without exposure.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN RENANG DENGAN KONSENTRASI PADA ANAK

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 602
Author(s):  
Ainul Mardliyah ◽  
Susiana Candrawati ◽  
Dewi Nilamsari
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

Background. The ability to sustain attention over period of time is called concentration. Concentration is one of the important factor for studying, especially for school children. Swimming as an exercise expected to be improving concentration.Objective. The aim of this study was to know the relation between swimming and concentration in childrens.Method. This study was experimental study with pre-posttest without control group design. Subjects were 8 children within 6-12 years old (age 8,50 + 1,41) by total sampling method. Swimming had been done 2 times a week in mild intensity with 60 minutes duration for 8 weeks at Bina Taruna swimming club, Purwokerto. Concentration score before and after the intervention was measured with army-alpha test by pshycologist. Wilcoxon test was performed to determine the relation between swimming and concentration.Results. There was significant relation between swimming and concentration (p= 0,042). The mean concentration score had increased after the 8-weeks swimming intervention (76,25+ 13,30 to 83,13 + 9,98.)Conclusion. There was relation between swimming and concentration in children

scholarly journals Connecting Science with Story Tale: How Sainsmatika Story Tale Book Decrease Science Anxiety of 4th Graders Student

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Agnestasia Ramadhani Putri ◽  
Ali Mustadi
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Fourth Grade ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Science Anxiety ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fourth Grade Students ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The One

This study investigating the effectiveness of using Sainsmatika story tale book towards student science anxiety. The study were an experimental research with pretest-posttest control-group design, involving 122 fourth-grade students in one of the district in Indonesia. Characteristically, this research employs quantitative data which were collected from the questionnaire results regarding science anxiety. The data were analyzed using statistical methods to calculate the values and determine the frequency as well as the mean of pretest and posttest scores in control and experimental classes. To determine the effectiveness of using fairytale books to reduce students’ science anxiety, the one-way analysis of ANOVA was used with a significant difference at the level of Sig < 0.05.  The results of this study reveal that the use of sainsmatika-based fairytale books is effective to reduce science anxiety of the fourth-grade students with significancy 0.00 (<0.05).

scholarly journals Kecepatan rigor mortis pada intoksikasi insektisida golongan organofosfat pada kelinci

e-CliniC ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Novianto Guanovora ◽  
Nola T. S. Mallo ◽  
Djemi Tomuka
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Oryctolagus Cuniculus ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rigor Mortis ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Treatment Data

Abstract: The objective of this study is to compare the time of rigor mortis formed between the control group and the treated group. This was a true experimental study with a post –test only control group design. This study was conducted at RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Forensic Laboratory Manado from September to November 2015. This research begins with caring of the rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) weighting 1250 – 2100 g. were divided into two groups, control group and treated group. Treated group was exposed to diazinon 600 as many as 3 ml in one treatment. Data were analyzed by using univariat analysis, subsequently tested by using independent t-Test. The results showed that there was a significant difference (P <0.05) in the time of rigor mortis formed and disappeared between the two groups. Conclusion: The time of rigor mortis formed and then disappeared was shorter among rabbits with organopgosphate intoxication compared to the ones without intoxication. Further studies are needed using instrument to evaluate the rigor mortis.Keywords: rigor mortis, intoxication, organophosphateAbstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan kecepatan rigor mortis pada kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan. Jenis penelitian eksperimental murni (true experimental desaign) dengan rancangan penelitian post test only control group desaign. Penelitian dilakukan dilaboratorium Forensik RSUP. Prof. Dr. dr. R. D. Kandou Manado pada bulan September – November 2015. Penelitian diawali dengan pemeliharaan kelinci (Oryctolagus Cuniculus ) dengan berat badan 1250 – 2100 g. Selanjutnya kelinci dibagi menjadi kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan, kelompok yang dilakukan pemaparan Diazinon 600 sebanyak 3 ml dalam satu kali pemberian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bemakna (P < 0,05) waktu terbentuk rigor mortis, kaku, kaku sempurna, dan mulai melemas antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan. Simpulan: Waktu terbentuk rigor mortis dan waktu mulai melemas lebih singkat pada kelinci dengan intoksikasi organofosfat dibandingkan yang tanpa intoksikasi. Disarankan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan menggunakan alat ukur untuk menilai rigor mortis.Kata kunci: rigor mortis, intoksikasi, organofosfat

scholarly journals AKTIVITAS LARVASIDA EKSTRAK ETANOL DAUN BINJAI (Mangifera caesia) TERHADAP LARVA Aedes aegypti

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Isfarani Nadila ◽  
Istiana Istiana ◽  
Erida Wydiamala
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract: Binjai leaf is known to have effective secondary metabolites as larvacide. The aim of this study was to recognize larvacidal effectivity of Binjai leaf ethanol extract toward Aedes aegypti larva. This was experimental study with posttest only control group design by using 7 treatment and 4 replication. Treatment was available from preliminary test which were 1000, 5000, 10.000, 15.000 and 20.000 (mg/L), negative xontrol (water) and positive control (themephos 100 mg/L). Probit test resulted in LC50 value=5493.390 mg/L and LC90 value=14988.861mg/L Kruskal-Wallis test resulted in p=0,000 which meaned there was an effect of binjai leaf ethanol extract toward Aedes aegypti larva. Meanwhile, Mann-Whitney test resulted in p=0,371 which meaned there was no significant difference between concentration of 20.000 mg/L and temephos 100 mg/L. In conclusion, binjai leaf (Mangifera caesia) ethanol extract have larvacidal activity as effective as temephos toward Aedes aegypti larva. Keywords: Larvacide, Binjai leaves, Aedes aegypti Abstrak: Daun binjai diketahui memiliki kandungan metabolit sekunder yang berpotensi sebagai larvasida. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas larvasida ekstrak etanol daun binjai terhadap larva Aedes aegypti. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis eksperimental dengan metode posttest only contol grup design menggunakan tujuh kelompok perlakuan dan 4 replikasi. Tujuh kelompok perlakuan tersebut adalah 5 serial konsentrasi yang diperoleh dari uji pendahuluan: 1000, 5000, 10.000, 15.000 dan 20.000 (mg/L), kontrol negatif (air) dan kontrol positif (temephos 100 mg/L). Hasil uji probit didapatkan  nilai LC50 dan LC90 sebesar 5493.390 dan 14988.861 (mg/L). Uji kruskal-Wallis didapatkan  nilai p=0,000, terdapat pengaruh ekstrak etanol daun binjai terhadap larva Aedes aegypti. Hasil uji Mann-whitney didapakan nilai  p=0,371, tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara konsentrasi 20.000 mg/L dengan kontrol positif. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini ekstrak etanol daun binjai memiliki aktivitas larvasida dan efektivitas setara dengan temephos 100 mg/L terhadap larva Aedes aegypti. Kata-kata kunci :  Larvasida, daun binjai, Aedes aegypti

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Chain Drill Technique in Teaching Speaking

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dira Permana ◽  
Heri Hidayatullah ◽  
Nurul Hafizah
Keyword(s):  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Speaking Test ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control

Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan teknik Chain Drill dalam mengajarberbicara bahasa Inggris. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimen semu menggunakan pretest-posttestcontrol group design. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk memperoleh data sampel pada penelitian ini adalah tesberbicara dalam bentuk instruksi. Teknik yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah pretest danposttestberbicara. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianaisis dengan menggunakan analisis statistik deskriptifdan inferensial untuk menarik sebuah kesimpulan. Berdasarkan analisis, ditemukan bahwa skor rata-rata post-test lebih tinggi dari skor rata-rata pre-test (64≥37), sedangkan di kelas kontrol, skor rata-rata post-test jugalebih tinggi daripada skor rata-rata pre-test (50≥30). Dari data yang diperoleh, diperoleh perbedaan skor baikpada post-test dari pre-test antara kedua kelas; kelas eksperimen 14≥7 untuk kelas kontrol yang menunjukkanskor eksperimen lebih tinggi daripada kelas kontrol. Analisis lebih lanjut pada uji-t, ditemukan bahwa skor uji-t(2,52) lebih tinggi dari t-tabel (1,671) dengan tingkat kebebasan 42. Dengan kata lain, Ha diterima dan Hoditolak, dimana terdapat perbedaan signifikan dalam perolehan selisih skor antara kelas eksperimen dankontrol. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan teknik Chain Drill efektif dalam mengajarberbicara. Abstract: This study aims at finding out the effectiveness of Chain Drill technique in teaching speaking. Thisstudy useda quasi-experimental research method with pretest-posttest control group design. The instrumentused to gain data of samples was a speaking test in the form of instruction. The technique used to collect datawas pretest and posttest of speaking test. Data gained were subsequently analyzed by using descriptive andinferential statistical analysis from which a conclusion was drawn. Based on the analysis, it was found that themean score of post-test was higher than the mean score of pre-test (64≥37), while in the control class, the meanscore of post-test was also higher than the mean score of pre-test (50≥30). From the data obtained, it was foundthe difference in score both in post-test from pre-test between the two classes; experimental class 14≥7 forcontrol class which showed experimental score was higher than the control class. The further analysis on the t-test, it was found that t-test score (2.52) was higher than t-table (1.671) with the degree of freedom 42. In otherwords, H a was accepted and H o was rejected in which there was a significant difference in scores betweenexperiment and control class. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of Chain Drill technique is effective inteaching speaking.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF ECLECTIC TEACHING IN GRADE IX MATHEMATICS

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 300-311
Author(s):  
June Venelee A. Delgado ◽  
Victor D. Villaganas ◽  
Adora A. Villaganas ◽  
Reynaldo B. Inocian
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Performance Level ◽  
Teaching Approach ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Conventional Teaching ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Minimal Improvement

This study assessed the performance level of Grade IX students in Mathematics after being exposed to conventional teaching approach (CTA) and the eclectic teaching approach. It intended to: (1) describe the profile of students in Mathematics; (2) determine the performance level of students in the pretest and posttest; (3) compare the significant mean improvement from the pretest to the posttest; and (4) find out the significant difference in mean gains of students exposed to both approaches. This experimental study compared the effectiveness of CTA and ETA based on the students’ performance level before and after the exposure of these approaches, using the Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The students’ performance in Section A with CTA and Section B with ETA was low in the pretest, with a minimal improvement in the posttest. No significance in pre-post mean gain was found out in the performance of students in Mathematics IX using both CTA and ETA. Moreover, it was determined that there was no significant mean gain difference between the students’ performance in CTA and ETA, which proved that the effectiveness of these approaches were comparable.  The findings indicate that ETA can be an alternative way to CTA.

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