scholarly journals On pricing and bundling decisions for Stackelberg games in parallel channels of substitutable composites

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Keyhanian ◽  
Abbas Ahmadi ◽  
Behrooz Karimi
Keyword(s):  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Stackelberg Games ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Complementary Products ◽  
Network Cost ◽  
Cost Cutting ◽  
Mixed Bundling ◽  
Pricing Games ◽  
The Impact

The paper describes competition within a supply network with parallel distribution channels. Each supply chain in the network is composed of a manufacturer and a retailer. Manufacturers sell two complementary products to the retailers, who then deliver to the end consumers. All players can bundle or not bundle their products assuming that the retail market presents the products in a mixed bundling setting. The motivation of this study is to mainly analyze the impact of cost reduction via manufacturers, on how the whole supply network will behave. We have modeled and solved partly and fully sequential game structures well known as Bertrand and Stackelberg games, where the preceding movers are considered to have more market power. Mathematical and numerical analyses reveal interesting propositions and managerial insights for decision makers who are practicing cost cutting strategies. The combination of different ordinal structures have led to exact mathematical comparisons among 24 games. Results indicate both manufacturers and retailers are better off with simultaneous pricing games which promotes the concept of coordination through layer and channels of the network. Cost reduction with compensation increases payoffs, if only applied by the manufacturer whose complementary products’ manufacturing costs are more distanced. It is also shown that retailers enjoy a retail advantage on one product at its best when playing retailer leading Stackelberg games.

e-Supply Network

2011 ◽  
pp. 250-268
Author(s):  
Shima Mohebbi ◽  
Rasoul Shafaei ◽  
Namjae Cho
Keyword(s):  
Capacity Utilization ◽  
Coordination Mechanism ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Network Cost ◽  
Network Coordination ◽  
Supply Capacity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Total Network

The automation of negotiation among buyer-supplier-supplier triad is an important policy in e-supply network coordination (e-SNC). In addition to the buyer-supplier coordination advantages, a further coordination among suppliers is also highly important in order to maximize the network supply capacity utilization especially when the suppliers are geographically decentralized. This chapter focuses on the impact of suppliers’ coordination in a network where the coordination among buyers and suppliers is in place. The proposed agent-based model is composed of two negotiator agents, one monitor agent, and one coordinator agent. The model begins with buyer-supplier negotiation and coordination mechanism adopted from the approach developed by Mohebbi and Shafaei (2010). Then, the suppliers’ coordination mechanism is developed to investigate the interaction among suppliers and evaluate the subsequent benefit obtained in the global network. The efficiency of the proposed approach is evaluated using a simulation model. The results demonstrate that in a network where the coordination among buyers and suppliers is in place, a further coordination among suppliers leads to the reduction of total network cost.

scholarly journals The Impact of Cloud Computing on Information Systems Agility

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Sawas ◽  
Mohamed Watfa
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Management Change ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Private Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Research Analysis

As businesses are encountering frequent harsh economic conditions, concepts such as outsourcing, agile and lean management, change management and cost reduction are constantly gaining more attention. This is because these concepts are all aimed at saving on budgets and facing unexpected changes. Latest technologies like cloud computing promise to turn IT, that has always been viewed as a cost centre, into a source of saving money and driving flexibility and agility to the business. The purpose of this paper is to first compile a set of attributes that govern the agility benefits added to information systems by cloud computing and then develop a survey-based instrument to measure these agility benefits. Our research analysis employs non-probability sampling based on a combination of convenience and judgment. This approach was used to obtain a representative sample of participants from potential companies belonging to various industries such as oil & gas, banking, private, government and semi-governmental organizations. This research will enable decision makers to measure agility enhancements and hence compare the agility of Information Systems before and after deploying cloud computing.

E-Government and Its Impact on E-Commerce in LDCs

2009 ◽  
pp. 166-191
Author(s):  
Abdelbaset Rabaiah
Keyword(s):  
Electronic Commerce ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Growth Efficiency ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Electronic Government ◽  
Less Developed Countries ◽  
Government Operation ◽  
The Impact

This chapter illustrates the impact of electronic government (e-government) on electronic commerce (e-commerce) development and implementation in the Less Developed Countries (LDCs). It introduces e-government from a business point of view. We try to assess the capacity of e-government as an enabler to e-commerce. Furthermore, since e-government is about enhancing efficiency and transparency of government operation; we shall explore new perspectives on how and where e-commerce can avail from this shift in government operation paradigm. There are new opportunities for LDCs in particular to utilise new IT offerings to achieve growth, efficiency, and cost reduction. We will discuss some of these towards the end of the chapter. In the process, we will try to draw the connection between e-government and e-commerce in such a way that helps decision makers understand the potential of e-government for a better implementation of e-commerce.

What is the Business with AI? Preparing Future Decision Makers and Leaders

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena S. Wisniewski
Keyword(s):  
Data Science ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Business Courses ◽  
College Of Business ◽  
College Of Engineering ◽  
Investment Firm ◽  
Business Curricula ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

With companies now recognizing how artificial intelligence (AI), digitalization, the internet of things (IoT), and data science affect value creation and the maintenance of a competitive advantage, their demand for talented individuals with both management skills and a strong understanding of technology will grow dramatically. There is a need to prepare and train our current and future decision makers and leaders to have an understanding of AI and data science, the significant impact these technologies are having on business, how to develop AI strategies, and the impact all of this will have on their employees’ roles. This paper discusses how business schools can fulfill this need by incorporating AI into their business curricula, not only as stand-alone courses but also integrated into traditional business sequences, and establishing interdisciplinary efforts and collaborative industry partnerships. This article describes how the College of Business and Public Policy (CBPP) at the University of Alaska Anchorage is implementing multiple approaches to meet these needs and prepare future leaders and decision makers. These approaches include a detailed description of CBPP’s first AI course and related student successes, the integration of AI into additional business courses such as entrepreneurship and GSCM, and the creation of an AI and Data Science Lab in partnership with the College of Engineering and an investment firm.

scholarly journals An evaluation of the Victorian Salt Reduction Partnership’s advocacy strategy for policy change

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emalie Rosewarne ◽  
Michael Moore ◽  
Wai-Kwan Chislett ◽  
Alexandra Jones ◽  
Kathy Trieu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Policy Change ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Health Advocacy ◽  
Salt Reduction ◽  
Public Health Advocacy ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Public health advocacy strategies facilitate policy change by bringing key health issues to the forefront of public and political discourse, influencing decision-makers and public opinion, and increasing policy demand. The Victorian Salt Reduction Partnership (VSRP) was established in 2014 in response to inadequate government action to improve population diets in Australia. This study aimed to evaluate the success of the VSRP’s advocacy strategy in achieving policy change. Methods Documentation of VSRP activities and outputs were collected, and semi-structured interviews conducted as part of a comprehensive process evaluation. For this study, the Kotter Plus 10-step public health advocacy evaluation framework was used to guide data extraction, analysis, and synthesis. Results A sense of urgency for salt reduction was generated by producing evidence and outlining the potential impact of a state-based salt reduction programme. This enabled the creation of a coalition with diverse skills and expertise, which facilitated the development of an innovative and collaborative advocacy action plan. A clear change vision was established, but communication of the vision to decision-makers was lacking, which reduced the impact of the programme as decision-makers were not provided with a clear incentive for policy change. As a result, while programme outputs were achieved, these did not translate to achieving broader strategic goals during a limited-term intervention in a political climate unconcerned with salt. Conclusions The Kotter Plus 10-step framework was a useful tool for evaluating the success of the VSRP advocacy strategy. The framework enabled the identification of key strengths, including the creation of the guiding coalition, and areas where efforts could be improved in future similar strategies, such as effective communication within partnerships and to decision-makers, to better influence policy and improve public health impact.

scholarly journals A Fractional Approach to a Computational Eco-Epidemiological Model with Holling Type-II Functional Response

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1159
Author(s):  
B. Günay ◽  
Praveen Agarwal ◽  
Juan L. G. Guirao ◽  
Shaher Momani
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Method ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Derivative Operator ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Fractional System ◽  
Chaotic Nature ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Distinguishing Features ◽  
Type Ii Functional Response

Eco-epidemiological can be considered as a significant combination of two research fields of computational biology and epidemiology. These problems mainly take ecological systems into account of the impact of epidemiological factors. In this paper, we examine the chaotic nature of a computational system related to the spread of disease into a specific environment involving a novel differential operator called the Atangana–Baleanu fractional derivative. To approximate the solutions of this fractional system, an efficient numerical method is adopted. The numerical method is an implicit approximate method that can provide very suitable numerical approximations for fractional problems due to symmetry. Symmetry is one of the distinguishing features of this technique compared to other methods in the literature. Through considering different choices of parameters in the model, several meaningful numerical simulations are presented. It is clear that hiring a new derivative operator greatly increases the flexibility of the model in describing the different scenarios in the model. The results of this paper can be very useful help for decision-makers to describe the situation related to the problem, in a more efficient way, and control the epidemic.

scholarly journals A Study on the Impact of R&D Intensity on Business Performance: Evidence from South Korea

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Hun Park ◽  
Jun-Hwan Park ◽  
Sujin Lee ◽  
Hyuk Hahn
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Research Groups ◽  
Innovative Firms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Knowledge Services

The role of R&D (research and development) intensity on the effect of knowledge services on the business performance of firms has been discussed by using PLS-SEM and PLS-MGA methods. Research groups were divided into two groups, innovative and non-innovative. Respondents were classified into innovative firms if their R&D intensity was over 3% and vice versa. PLS-SEM and PLS-MGA results were compared for two groups and valuable insights were extracted. For innovative firms, knowledge services seemed to be verified and processed by the decision makers and utilized to achieve their business performance. On the other hand, a large number of non-innovative firms seemed to have a stronger tendency to utilize knowledge services directly for their business without sufficient verification by the decision makers.

scholarly journals Adding value to the use of Health Impact Assessment and social return on investment technologies

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Green ◽  
K Ashton ◽  
M Dyakova ◽  
L Parry-Williams
Keyword(s):  
Impact Assessment ◽  
Return On Investment ◽  
Health Impact Assessment ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Social Value ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Social Return On Investment ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Health Impact Assessment (HIA) and Social Return on Investment (SROI) are beneficial public health methodologies that assess potential effects on health including social, economic and environmental factors and have synergies in their approaches. This paper explores how HIA and SROI can complement each other to capture and account for the impact and social value of an assessed intervention or policy. A scoping review of academic and grey literature was undertaken to identify case studies published between January 1996 and April 2019 where HIA and SROI methods have been used to complement each other. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with nine international experts from a range of regulatory/legislative contexts to gain a better understanding of past experiences and expertise of both HIA and SROI. A thematic analysis was undertaken on the data collected. The review identified two published reports which outline when HIA and SROI have both been used to assess the same intervention. Interview results suggest that both methods have strengths as standalone processes i.e. HIAs are well-structured in their approach, assessing health in its broadest context and SROI can add value by monetizing social value as well as capturing social/environmental impact. Similarities of the two methods were identified i.e. a strong emphasis on stakeholder engagement and common shared principles. When questioned how the two methods could complement each other in practice, the results indicate the benefits of using HIA to explore initial impact, and as a platform on which to build SROI to monetarize social value. HIA and SROI methodologies have cross-over. The research suggests potential benefits when used in tandem or combining the methods to assess impact and account for health and social value. Innovative work is now being carried out in Wales to understand the implications of this in practice and to understand how the results of the two methods could be used by decision-makers. Key messages HIA and SROI methods can be used in tandem to capture both the health impact and social value of policies and proposed interventions. HIA and SROI when used together can provide valuable information to inform decision makers around the health impact and social value of proposed policies and interventions.

scholarly journals Optimizing a Reverse Supply Chain Network for Electronic Waste under Risk and Uncertain Factors

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1946
Author(s):  
Linh Thi Truc Doan ◽  
Yousef Amer ◽  
Sang-Heon Lee ◽  
Phan Nguyen Ky Phuc ◽  
Tham Thi Tran
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Reverse Supply Chain ◽  
Satisfactory Solution ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Objective Value ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Impact

Minimizing the impact of electronic waste (e-waste) on the environment through designing an effective reverse supply chain (RSC) is attracting the attention of both industry and academia. To obtain this goal, this study strives to develop an e-waste RSC model where the input parameters are fuzzy and risk factors are considered. The problem is then solved through crisp transformation and decision-makers are given the right to choose solutions based on their satisfaction. The result shows that the proposed model provides a practical and satisfactory solution to compromise between the level of satisfaction of constraints and the objective value. This solution includes strategic and operational decisions such as the optimal locations of facilities (i.e., disassembly, repairing, recycling facilities) and the flow quantities in the RSC.

The hidden power of language

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-206
Author(s):  
Philipp Hummel ◽  
Jacob Hörisch
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Social Consequences ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Current Accounting ◽  
Cost Reductions

Purpose Stakeholder theory research identifies changes in language as one possible mechanism to overcome the deficiencies of current accounting practices with regard to social aspects. This study aims to examine the effects of the terms used for specific accounts on company internal decision-making, drawing on the example of “value creation accounting”. Design/methodology/approach The study uses a survey based-experiment to analyze the effects of terms used for specific accounts on decision-making, with a focus on social aspects (in particular expenditures for staff) in cost reduction and expenditure decisions. Findings The findings indicate that wordings, which more closely relate to value creation than to costs, decrease cost reductions and increase the priority ascribed to the social aspect of reducing staff costs in times of financial shortage. The effects of terms used on cost reductions are stronger among female decision makers. Practical implications The analysis suggests that conventional accounting language best suits organizations that aim at incentivizing decision makers to primarily cut costs. By contrast, if an organization follows an approach that puts importance on social aspects in times of financial shortage and on not doing too sharp cost reductions, value creation-oriented language is the more effective approach. Social implications The study suggests that the specific terminology used for accounts should be chosen more carefully and with awareness for the possible effects on cost reduction decisions as well as on social consequences. Originality/value This study contributes to a better understanding of the relevance of language in accounting. It suggests that the terms used for accounts should be chosen purposefully because of their far-reaching potential consequences for stakeholders as well as for the organization.

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