scholarly journals Problems in Agricultural Cooperation Development in Russia (Case Study of Samara Region)

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 08003
Author(s):  
R.V. Nekrasov ◽  
E.P. Gusakova ◽  
E.P. Afanaseva
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Food Markets ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The One ◽  
Large Farms

Agricultural cooperation of small farms in the world occupies a special rank. It has a great potential to expand the production and consumption of domestic agricultural products. It is an important condition for preservation and development of rural lifestyles, the development of large farms through cooperation and (or) integration. Russian and international experience suggests that cooperation is one of the most effective mechanisms for adapting agriculture to the faltering economy, due to the increased competition in national and world food markets, international sanctions and other factors. The purpose of the study is to identify the problems and prospects in the agricultural cooperation development in Russia, in general, and in Samara region, in particular, in the context of the development of world agriculture. The authors have used general scientific and special methods and techniques of economic research. The study has shown that, on the one hand, Russia lags far behind developed countries in agricultural cooperation, but, on the other hand, thanks to the agricultural cooperation development, Russia will be able to increase and strengthen its competitive advantages in the world agricultural products market. According to the results of the study, the authors have concluded that the greatest effect of agricultural cooperation in Russia and its regions is provided by the financial and ideological state support.

scholarly journals Health and Sustainability in Public Meals—An Explorative Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 621
Author(s):  
Karin Höijer ◽  
Caroline Lindö ◽  
Arwa Mustafa ◽  
Maria Nyberg ◽  
Viktoria Olsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
The Other ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Concepts Of Health ◽  
The World ◽  
The One

The world is facing a number of challenges related to food consumption. These are, on the one hand, health effects and, on the other hand, the environmental impact of food production. Radical changes are needed to achieve a sustainable and healthy food production and consumption. Public and institutional meals play a vital role in promoting health and sustainability, since they are responsible for a significant part of food consumption, as well as their “normative influence” on peoples’ food habits. The aim of this paper is to provide an explorative review of the scientific literature, focusing on European research including both concepts of health and sustainability in studies of public meals. Of >3000 papers, 20 were found to satisfy these criteria and were thus included in the review. The results showed that schools and hospitals are the most dominant arenas where both health and sustainability have been addressed. Three different approaches in combining health and sustainability have been found, these are: “Health as embracing sustainability”, “Sustainability as embracing health” and “Health and sustainability as separate concepts”. However, a clear motivation for addressing both health and sustainability is most often missing.

scholarly journals Environmental implications of agriculture trade in Nepal

2007 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
Krishna P. Pant
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The World ◽  
Agriculture And Environment

International trade of the goods and services has implications to environment via their effects on environment on production and consumption. Agriculture being closely linked with the natural environment the trade of agricultural products and the inputs required for agriculture affects the environment. This paper attempts to identify and analyze trade issues of environmental protection that mainly falls under the purview of Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade under the World Trade Organization. The analyses will be helpful to identify and understand trade remedy measures that protect environment required for more sustainable agricultural development. The Journal of AGRICULTURE AND ENVIRONMENT Vol. 8, 2007, pp. 30-37

scholarly journals Dynamic analysis and forecast of effective development of the agri-food sector of European countries

VUZF Review ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-189
Author(s):  
Robert Jurczak
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Food Markets ◽  
The World ◽  
Effective Development

One of the relevant and demanded directions at this stage is the creation of modern tools for analytical and predictive projects in the development of the agri-food sector. Of particular importance is the substantiation of the globalization of agri-food markets, the integration of various types of activities. ensuring food security, development of exports and imports of agricultural products, levelling the standards of food consumption by various social strata of the population. Research into the problems of food security and independence of the European countries is necessary to substantiate a strategy for the development of the agri-food sector, including its sustainable innovative development. In modern conditions, the active participation of various countries in the world and regional trade is associated with significant competitive advantages. It allows to more efficiently use the available resources, to join the world achievements of science and technology, to modernize the economy at the optimal time, to more fully meet the needs of the population. In this article, an integrated approach is applied, which includes the study, assessment and forecast of various processes and factors of innovative development of the agri-food sector in modern conditions.

scholarly journals Competitive Factors in Ensuring the Sustainability of the Food Industry Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 2018-2023
Author(s):  
Ismailov Omilxon Shukurillaevich
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Economic Competitiveness ◽  
The World

This article discusses the issues of competition in ensuring the sustainability of the food industry in the world economy, the sources and stages of competitive advantages of States. The role of natural resources, investments and other elements in increasing the economic competitiveness of the state, as well as the stages of competitiveness of developed countries are discussed.

scholarly journals Theoretical and methodological approaches to periodization of technical and technological development

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Methodological Approaches ◽  
The One ◽  
Globalized World ◽  
Scientific Ideas ◽  
Selection Of

The article is devoted to the problem of technical and technological development, which in the modern globalized world is subject to the laws of cyclicity. The realities of today are evidence that in every country of the world coexist and interact elements of different levels of technological structures, which requires a balanced policy to manage their development. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the main theoretical and methodological approaches to the periodization of technical and technological development of the world economy and the formation of generalized criteria for structuring periods of its cyclical dynamics. In the course of the research the tasks were solved, which consisted in the selection of those theoretical and methodological approaches that most fully cover the causal links between changes in technology and technology, on the one hand, and development – on the other; identifying in each approach the criteria of periodization and determining the possibilities of these approaches to describe the current situation. The methodological basis was such general scientific research methods as dialectics, analysis and synthesis, the unity of historical and logical, as well as methods of generalizations, comparisons and classifications. The result of their application was to clarify the essence and establish the specifics of the conceptual approaches of M. Kondratiev, С. Perez and S. Glazyev, which today are considered to be leading in explaining technical and technological development. Based on the comparison of these theoretical and methodological approaches, a generalized idea of the criteria for periodization of the latter is formed. The general conclusion of the study is the formation of scientific ideas about the stages through which society passes in its technical and technological development. This allows you to properly assess the current state of a particular economic system and choose more effective instruments of economic policy to guide its development through progress.

Clustering as an instrument for ensuring the competitive advantages of the national economy in the European innovation space

2019 ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
Ruslana Bilyk
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Light Industry ◽  
The World ◽  
Technological Clusters

The theoretical and methodological foundations of formation and development of clusters, which are the newest and effective tool for increasing the competitiveness of the national economy, are considered. The world experience in the formation and effective functioning of cluster formations is analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the development of clustering of the economy of European countries. The main branches of European countries, in which the largest number of clusters operates, are determined. The peculiarities of functioning of the cluster economy model in Scandinavian countries, Italy, Germany, countries of Central and Eastern Europe are analyzed. The clusters that work most effectively are listed. The advantages of combining enterprises into clusters and the influence of the latter on the development of technology transfer and the innovation and investment development of the country and its regions in the conditions of global competition are determined. The peculiarities of economy clustering and its new forms are studied. The expediency of using the clustering mechanism in Ukraine based on the experience of highly developed countries of the world is substantiated. The methodical approaches to comparative analysis of development stages and mechanisms of effective use of economic advantages of clusters on micro, meso and macro levels, as well as typology of clusters and the classification of types of cluster associations have been improved, which made it possible to identify the structure of economic interests of cluster participants in the process of implementing competitive relations. The transformational changes in the activity of clusters as a result of the evolution of global processes and the intensification of the use of information and communication technologies are considered. The expediency of creation and functioning of clusters in Ukraine as an important factor in ensuring the competitive advantages of its economy in the conditions of global development is substantiated. The current state and problems of the development of innovation-technological clusters in Ukraine are revealed. The identified areas of the economy and the sectors in which the clusters were created are the following: the construction industry, heavy and light industry, the agrarian sector and tourism. The prospective directions of clustering at the level of transport infrastructure, cross-border clusters and clusters with IT technologies are mentioned. The paper explores the mechanism of formation of cluster associations on the basis of identification of the main market trends and determines organizational principles and forms of interaction of cluster participants, as well as technologies of forming current competitive advantages in national sector clusters and increasing the competitiveness of the Ukrainian economy. The author suggests the directions of improvement of the state policy in terms of stimulation of creation and functioning of innovation-technological clusters in Ukraine and attraction of small and medium enterprises to their network. Proposals regarding the increase of cluster functioning efficiency and ensuring of their positive influence on the development of national economy are offered. Recommendations on the implementation of cluster strategies in Ukrainian economy are developed.

Pricing and solving export tasks on the example of dairy products

2021 ◽  
pp. 73-78
Author(s):  
Elena Yu. Frolova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Food Prices ◽  
Food Markets ◽  
Pricing Policy ◽  
The Public ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Increase ◽  
The One ◽  
Social Importance

The issues of food pricing are of great social importance. The global increase in prices on agri-food markets forces the public, the scientific community, state and international organizations to pay attention to the problem of economic accessibility of food products, related, on the one hand, to the level of income of the population, on the other – to the level of food prices. This has significantly increased the relevance of scientific research on food pricing at all stages of production and sale. The article discusses the problems associated with the formation of “fair” prices for dairy products on the example of one of the most prosperous “dairy” countries in the world – Switzerland, and also shows how the pricing policy of the countries reflects the solution of key tasks in the organization of dairy exports.

Packaging Material Barriers Faced by Foods and Agricultural Products Export of China and Countermeasures

2014 ◽  
Vol 936 ◽  
pp. 2335-2338
Author(s):  
Hong Ling Shao ◽  
Hai Xia Cui ◽  
Jian Lu
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Packaging Material ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Packaging Materials ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Trade Measure

Foods and agricultural products safety problems caused by the packaging materials have attracted extensive attention all over the world and some developed countries take it as a technical trade measure to increase the threshold of foods and agricultural products import, which brings about great negative impact to the export countries. Based on the analysis of the packaging material barriers faced by foods and agricultural products export of China, this paper will put forward some countermeasures to break through the packaging material barriers of foreign countries.

scholarly journals Mechanism of improvement of logistics system in agro-industrial complex of Belarus in the conditions of regional trade and economic integration

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-178
Author(s):  
N. V. Kireyenka ◽  
A. L. Kosava
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Food System ◽  
National Level ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Research Quality ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic

In conditions of establishing market relations and development of integration processes, efficient functioning of agrarian complex of the Republic of Belarus requires searching for new mechanisms and methods to improve competitiveness. As experience of economically developed countries of the world shows, states and producers actively use diverse logistic solutions, models, strategies and methods for planning and arranging activities. Organization of resource support for agricultural producers and promotion of their products in market according to logistics principles results in a significant economic, social and environmental effect. The paper, in the context of the modern period, presents social and economic indicators of the transport and logistics sector, system of state regulation, structural characteristics of logistics centers, agricultural foreign trade and logistics infrastructure. The main factors were identified hindering development of agrologistics in Belarus. Organizational and economic mechanism has been developed for improving logistical activities at the interstate (EAEU) and national levels have been developed. In case of proposal to create a single agrologistics market of Eurasian Economic Union at the interstate level, it is planned to increase efficiency of the national agrologistics market on the national level based on expansion of logistics infrastructure. Via integration of several prediction methods (expert assessments (pessimistic, optimistic and probabilistic opinions), economic and mathematical (extrapolation, time series analysis), non-standard (verbal information)), a reasonable forecast of development of logistics centers of the Republic of Belarus until 2025 was made. The issues in the paper are of interest for preparation of draft state programs and strategies in the field of agrologistics and development of exchange activities, development of country position in implementation of the agreed agro-industrial policy of the EAEU Member States.Acknowledgments. The study was performed within the framework of the following research programs and assignments: State program of scientific research “Quality and efficiency of agro-industrial production” for 2016–2020, subprogram 1 “Economics of agro-industrial complex”, task 1.3 “Study of theoretical and methodological basis for efficient functioning of the national food system, improvement of foreign economic activity of agro-industrial complex, methods and mechanisms of management for agricultural products quality in the context of deepening regional and international integration ” for 2016–2018; State Research and Technical Program “Agropromkompleks-2020” for 2016–2020, subprogram “Agropromkompleks – efficiency and quality”, task 1.1 “Develop a system of scientifically substantiated recommendations ensuring sustainable and efficient functioning of the national food market, foreign trade policy of the agro-industrial complex of Belarus, forming of mechanism of state regulation of agricultural products quality in the context of development of the world trade and economic space” for 2016–2018.

A coming Age of Micro Game of Power

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-112
Author(s):  
Zhang Jiadong
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
The Other ◽  
Traditional Theory ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
The Cold War

The traditional theory of international relations, whether it is realism, liberalism, constructivism, or scientific behaviorism, define sovereign states as a unified body in international arena. It has consistent interests, and naturally also has consistent foreign policy goals and means. In the 20th century, and especially during the two World Wars and the Cold War, this conceptual abstraction was very accurate. But after the end of the Cold War, especially in the 21st century, this concept gradually went against the reality of international relations. On the one hand, the comprehensive strength of a country cannot directly transform competitive advantages in specific areas; on the other hand, the main resistance of many countries, including superpowers, may not be another power, but different domestic interest groups as well as international non state actors. This has caused traditional international relations theories, from hypotheses to conceptual and inferential levels, to be unable to explain the world today.

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