Konventionelle nuklearmedizinische Bildgebung bei Hyperparathyreoidismus

AbstractFor the assessment of hyperparathyroidism besides cervical ultrasound, 99 mTc-Sestamibi (MIBI) imaging is being used on a routine basis in nuclear medicine practice. MIBI is a positively charged complex, which is bound in mitochondria rich parathyroidal tissue and shows a reduced washout as compared to normal thyroid tissue. This characteristic is used during dual-phase imaging by acquiring early and late images.In order to better localize adenomas, especially if they are ectopic, it is helpful to combine planar imaging with cross-sectional (-hybrid) imaging using SPECT or SPECT/CT. With this approach, in combination with ultrasound the sensitivity for adenomas is known to be over 80 % up to 100 %. For multiglandular involvement or hyperplasia, a significantly lower detection rate is known, which, however, can be improved by a combination of planar and tomografic imaging. To what extend medication can influence the results of MIBI imaging is not well known. Glucocorticoids and calcium channel antagonist might have a negative influence on the uptake of MIBI. Another potential influencing factor could be the presence of P-glykoprotein in some adenomas, leading to a faster efflux of MIBI out of the adenoma cells and consecutively a lower detection rate.

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99mTc-DPD SPECT/CT for localisation of inflammatory and chronic osteoarthritis of the foot and ankle

Nuklearmedizin ◽

10.3413/nukmed-0774-15-10 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 55 (04) ◽

pp. 145-150 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lutz Freudenberg ◽

Hinrich Wieder ◽

Jens Stollfuss

Keyword(s):

Bone Metabolism ◽

Late Phase ◽

Blood Pool ◽

Phase Imaging ◽

Bone Imaging ◽

Foot And Ankle ◽

Planar Imaging ◽

Selective Treatment ◽

Complex Anatomy ◽

Three Phase

SummaryAim: The precise localisation of osteoarthritic and inflammatory changes is crucial for selective treatment planning of radiosynovectomy (RSV). The present study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of planar bone imaging and SPECT for the detection of pathological bone metabolism and inflammation in joints of the foot and ankle, compared with SPECT/CT. Patients, methods: 39 patients (mean age 65.6 ± 11.1 years) with suspected inflammatory osteoarthritis underwent SPECT/CT of the feet. After injection of approximately 500 MBq 99mTc DPD, all patients had three-phase planar bone imaging and late-phase hybrid SPECT/CT. late-phase SPECT, and CT of the foot. Increased bone metabolism and blood-pool was assigned to the respective joint of the fore-, mid-, and hindfoot, using SPECT/CT as the reference standard. Results: Overall, SPECT had a higher sensitivity than planar imaging (0.80 vs 0.68, n.s.). The advantage of SPECT was most obvious in the anatomically complex midfoot area (0.63 vs 0.26, p < 0.05) and less obvious in the forefoot (0.85 vs 0.79, n.s.) and hindfoot (0.89 vs 0.89, n.s.). The overall concordance (Cohen`s Kappa) between SPECT/CT and planar (late-phase) imaging and SPECT was high for the forefoot and the hindfoot (planar: 0.78/0.81; SPECT 0.86/0.88) and comparatively low for the midfoot (planar: 0.27; SPECT 0.61). Conclusion: SPECT was significantly superior to planar bone imaging for the detection of joint lesions in the midfoot. The differences between SPECT and planar imaging in the fore- and hindfoot were not significant, most likely due to the inherently less complex anatomy. Compared with SPECT alone, a benefit from the use of SPECT/CT can be observed in the midfoot region where it facilitates the identification of the correct joint for RSV.

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Mortality due to primary brain tumours in China and detection rate in people with suspected symptoms: a nationally representative cross-sectional survey

World Journal of Surgical Oncology ◽

10.1186/s12957-021-02179-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Bin Jiang ◽

Hongmei Liu ◽

Dongling Sun ◽

Haixin Sun ◽

Xiaojuan Ru ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Brain Tumour ◽

Brain Tumours ◽

Detection Rate ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Detection Rates ◽

Primary Brain Tumours ◽

Symptom Screening ◽

Nationally Representative

Abstract Background and purpose Epidemiological data on primary brain tumours (PBTs) are lacking due to the difficulty in case ascertainment among the population. Thus, we aimed to estimate mortality due to PBTs in China nationwide and the detection rate in people with suspected symptoms. Methods A multistage, complex sampling survey regarding mortality due to PBTs in Chinese individuals was carried out by reviewing all causes of death within a year. The detection rates in people with suspected symptoms were estimated based on PBT symptom screening and neurologist reviews and compared between groups by logistic regression analysis. Results Weighted mortality due to PBT was 1.6 (0.8–3.3) per 100,000 population in Chinese individuals, 1.8 (0.7–4.6) per 100,000 population in men, and 1.5 (0.5–4.5) per 100,000 population in women. Among 14,990 people with suspected symptoms, the PBT detection rate was 306.9 (95% CI 224.7–409.3) per 100,000 population in the total population, 233.0 (95% CI 135.7–373.1) per 100,000 population in men, and 376.9 (95% CI 252.4–546.3) per 100,000 population in women. People with an unsteady gait (OR 2.46; 95% CI 1.09–5.51; P=0.029), visual anomalies (3.84; 1.88–7.85; P<0.001), and headache (2.06; 1.10–3.86; P=0.023) were more likely to have a brain tumour than those without corresponding symptoms, while people with dizziness/vertigo were less likely to have a brain tumour than those without corresponding symptoms (0.45; 0.23–0.87; P=0.017). Conclusions Mortality due to PBT in China was low, with a nationwide estimate of 21,215 (10,427–43,165) deaths attributable to PBTs annually. However, the detection rate of PBTs can be greatly improved based on symptom screening in the population.

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Comparison of capillary, venous and buffy coat blood samples in detecting Plasmodium species among malaria suspected patients attending at Hamusite health center. A cross-sectional study

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/s12879-021-06290-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Getu Abeje ◽

Woyneshet Gelaye ◽

Getaneh Alemu

Keyword(s):

Health Center ◽

Detection Rate ◽

Venous Blood ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Buffy Coat ◽

Blood Film ◽

Capillary Blood ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Blood Samples

Abstract Background Both capillary and venous blood samples have been interchangeably used for the diagnosis of malaria in Ethiopia. However, Plasmodium parasites are thought to be more concentrated in capillary than in venous blood. Hence, selecting a sample source where parasites are more concentrated is indispensable approach in order to maximize the accuracy of blood film microscopy. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare the detection rate and the parasitemia level of Plasmodium species from conventional capillary and venous blood films, and buffy coat preparations. Methods A facility based cross-sectional study was conducted from Feburary to March 2020 among 210 febrile patients attending Hamusite health center, northwest Ethiopia. Capillary and venous blood samples were collected and buffy coat was prepared from each sample. Thin and thick blood films were prepared, stained, and examined microscopically following standard protocol. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences Software version 20 and Med-Calc software version 19.3. Results Capillary blood buffy coat (61/210, 29.0%) had significantly higher detection rate as compared to capillary (48/210, 22.9%) and venous (42/210, 20.0%) blood films (p < 0.001). However, no significant difference was observed between capillary and venous blood films (p = 0.070) in detecting Plasmodium species. The highest and the lowest mean asexual stage parasite counts were found in capillary blood buffy coat (4692.88) and venous blood (631.43) films, respectively showing significant variations (p < 0.001). Mean gametocyte count was also highest in capillary blood buffy coat (3958.44). As compared to capillary blood buffy coat, the sensitivity of venous blood buffy coat, capillary blood film and venous blood film were 73.8, 78.7, 68.9%, respectively. Conclusion Capillary blood buffy coat samples showed the highest sensitivity in detecting and quantitating malaria parasites that its use should be promoted in clinical settings. However, conventional capillary and venous blood films could be used interchangeably.

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Health Literacy Regarding Infectious Disease Predicts COVID-19 Preventive Behaviors: A Pathway Analysis

Asia Pacific Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1177/10105395211013923 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 101053952110139

Author(s):

Hui Wang ◽

Pak Leng Cheong ◽

JianWei Wu ◽

Iat Kio Van

Keyword(s):

Infectious Disease ◽

Health Literacy ◽

Goodness Of Fit ◽

Influencing Factor ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Situational Factors ◽

Preventive Behaviors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Concept Model ◽

Fit Index

Health literacy has been identified as one vital determinant of public health and healthy behaviors, but very few studies regarding infectious disease prevention have been found. This descriptive cross-sectional study aimed to validate the pathway of infectious disease-specific health literacy (IDSHL), COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) preventive behaviors, and their determinants. A sample of 1459 casino workers in Macao was eligible for analysis. The concept model was verified with a comparative fit index of 0.937 and goodness-of-fit index of 0.971. Government responses was a significant determinant of situational factors (helpfulness of health information, resource accessibility, and organizational training adequacy), while situational factors showed a direct effect on COVID-19 preventive behaviors. Education and organization training adequacy was the strongest influencing factor of IDSHL, which should be a key target of intervention programs for COVID-19.

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The Influence of the Axial Rub Added in the Radial Rub on the Wear of the Seal Fins during the High Speed Rub of Labyrinth-Honeycomb Seal

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma14081997 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (8) ◽

pp. 1997

Author(s):

Bin Lu ◽

Haijun Xuan ◽

Xiaojian Ma ◽

Fangjun Han ◽

Weirong Hong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wear Rate ◽

High Speed ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Negative Influence ◽

Axial Thrust ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Honeycomb Seal ◽

Aero Engine ◽

Honeycomb Seals ◽

Clearance Change

Labyrinth-honeycomb seals are a state-of-the-art sealing technology commonly used in aero-engine interstage seal. The undesirable severe rub between the seal fins and the honeycomb due to the clearance change may induce the cracking of the seal fins. A pervious study investigated the wear of the seal fins at different radial incursion rates. However, due to the axial thrust and mounting clearance, the axial rub between the seal fins and the honeycomb may occur. Hence, this paper focuses on the influence of the axial rub added in the radial rub on the wear of the seal fins. The rub tests results, including rubbing forces and temperature, wear rate, worn morphology, cross-sectional morphology and energy dispersive spectroscopy results, are presented and discussed. Overall, the participation of the axial rub leads to higher rubbing forces, temperature, and wear rate. The tribo-layer on the seal fin is thicker and the cracks are more obvious at high axial incursion rate. These phenomena indicate the axial rub has a negative influence on the wear of the seal fins and should be avoided.

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Determination of crystallinity of Chinese handmade papers by means of X-ray diffraction

Restaurator International Journal for the Preservation of Library and Archival Material ◽

10.1515/res-2019-0009 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (2) ◽

pp. 69-86

Author(s):

Peng Liu ◽

Hongbin Zhang ◽

Sinong Wang ◽

Hui Yu ◽

Bingjie Lu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Negative Influence ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

X Ray ◽

Eulaliopsis Binata ◽

Different Types ◽

Powder Samples ◽

Xrd Patterns ◽

Xrd Method

AbstractThe crystallinity indices (CrI) of Chinese handmade papers were investigated using the X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. Four Chinese handmade papers, Yingchun, Zhuma, Yuanshu and Longxucao papers were used as model substrates of mulberry bark, ramie, bamboo and Eulaliopsis binata papers, respectively. Two forms of the paper samples, paper sheets and their comminuted powders, were used in this study. The results showed that their XRD patterns belong to the cellulose-I type and Iβ dominates the cellulose microstructure of these paper samples. Moreover, it was found that the microstructures and CrIs of cellulose of these papers were changed by the grinding treatment. This work suggested that the sheet form of the handmade papers is suitable to determine CrI by XRD, despite the contribution of non-cellulosic components in the papers. The order of CrIs for these paper sheet samples was Yingchun, Zhuma, Longxucao and Yuanshu papers. Besides CrIs, differences in cross-sectional areas of the crystalline zone of cellulose can be used for comparing different types of handmade papers. It was also found that the CrIs and crystallite size of paper cellulose varied between the sheet samples and the powder samples, illustrating that the pulverisation has a negative influence on the microstructure of the handmade papers.

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Patients’ general satisfaction with the appearance of anterior maxillary teeth

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp151110248l ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 74 (6) ◽

pp. 520-525 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vlatka Lajnert ◽

Daniela Kovacevic-Pavicic ◽

Hrvoje Pezo ◽

Aleksandra Stevanovic ◽

Tatjana Jovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dental Plaque ◽

Negative Influence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Age And Gender ◽

Tooth Shape ◽

General Satisfaction ◽

Anterior Teeth ◽

Dental Appearance ◽

And Gender ◽

The Impact

Background/Aim. Dental appearance plays an important role in practically all personal social interactions. The main factors that define the dental appearance are tooth colour, shape and position, quality of restoration, and the general position of the teeth in arch, especially in the anterior region. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of dental status (tooth shape, fracture, dental and prosthetic restorations and presence of plaque) on patient''s satisfaction with the dental appearance, controlling for the age and gender. Methods. A total of 700 Caucasian subjects (439 women) aged 18?86 (median 45 years) participated in the cross-sectional study. Study included clinical examination and self-administrated questionnaire based on selfperceived aesthetics and satisfaction with the appearance of their maxillary anterior teeth. Results. A regression analysis demonstrated that presence of dental plaque, tooth fracture, composite fillings and crowns had significant independent contribution and were negative predictors of satisfaction with teeth appearance. Participants with presence of plaque on upper teeth (p < 0.001), fractures (p = 0.005), composite fillings (p < 0.001) and crowns (p = 0.032) were less satisfied than those without it. Model explains 12% or variance of general satisfaction with the appearance of maxillary frontal teeth (p < 0.001) and the major contributors are composite fillings (5.3%) and plaque (3.2%). Tooth shape, age and gender were not significant predictors of satisfaction. Conclusion. Satisfaction with the teeth appearance is under the influence of many factors with significant negative influence of presence of dental plaque, fractures, composite restorations, and crowns.

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The Current Situation of Internet Addiction and Its Impact on Sleep Quality and Self-Injury Behavior in Chinese Medical Students

Psychiatry Investigation ◽

10.30773/pi.2019.0131 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 237-242

Author(s):

Yanqiu Wang ◽

Ying Zhao ◽

Ling Liu ◽

Yan Chen ◽

Dong Ai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Sleep Quality ◽

Internet Addiction ◽

Detection Rate ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Self Injury ◽

Chinese Medical Students ◽

Self Harm

Objective The purpose of this cross-sectional survey is to explore the current state of Internet addiction (IA) in Chinese medical students and its connection with medical students’ sleep quality and self-injury behavior.Methods Respondents were came from Wannan Medical College, China. The Young’s Internet Addiction Test, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Self-Harm Questionnaire were used in this cross-sectional survey. A total of 3,738 medical students were investigated, 1,552 (41.52%) males, 2,186 (58.48%) females. T-test, chi-square test and MANOVA were used for data analysis.Results Of the 3,738 medical students, 1,054 (28.2%) reported having IA, 1,126 (30.1%) reported having poor sleep quality, 563 (15.1%) having self-harm behaviors. IA tends to be more female, upper grade students. The sleep quality of IA was worse than that of non-IA (χ<sup>2</sup>=54.882, p<0.001), and the possibility of self-injury was higher than non-IA (χ<sup>2</sup>=107.990, p<0.001).Conclusion This survey shows that the IA detection rate of medical students was 28.2%. Females, higher grade students had a higher IA detection rate. The low sleep quality and self-injury behavior of medical students are associated with IA.

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Poor School-Related Well-Being among Adolescents with Disabilities or ADHD

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph19010008 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 8

Author(s):

Sanna Tiikkaja ◽

Ylva Tindberg

Keyword(s):

Well Being ◽

Negative Influence ◽

Adhd Group ◽

Academic Goals ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

School Based ◽

Disability Group ◽

Poor School

Poor school-related well-being may influence adolescents’ school performance and lifestyle. Adolescents having disabilities or ADHD are in a vulnerable situation for having poor school-related well-being, compared to adolescents not having disabilities. We used cross-sectional data from a school-based survey among 15–18-year-olds (N = 4071) in Sörmland, Sweden, to analyse the association between poor school-related well-being and disabilities or ADHD. The analyses were carried out by logistic regression models, adjusting for background factors, school-related factors, and health-compromising behaviours. Adolescents having disabilities (n = 827) or ADHD (n = 146) reported that their disability had a negative influence on school. Compared to peers without disability, those having disabilities had an increased chance (OR = 1.40 95% CI: 1.17–1.68) of poor school-related well-being. The corresponding OR was doubled for adolescents reporting ADHD (2.23 95% CI: 1.56–3.18). For the ADHD group, the adjOR for poor school-related well-being remained significant (1.67 95% CI: 1.13–2.50) after adjustments for school-related factors and health-compromising behaviours, but not for the disability group. In conclusion, adolescents having ADHD are a particularly vulnerable group at school, having a greater risk of poor school-related well-being. Schools should actively work to achieve school satisfaction for adolescents having disabilities, to ensure that all students have similar opportunities for favourable development, health and achievement of their academic goals.

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Breast imaging hindered during covid-19 pandemic, in Brazil

Revista de Saúde Pública ◽

10.11606/s1518-8787.2021055003375 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 55 ◽

pp. 8

Author(s):

Jordana de Faria Bessa

Keyword(s):

Breast Imaging ◽

Detection Rate ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Federal State ◽

Private Institutions ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Public Health Services ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Entire Country ◽

Open Access Database

OBJECTIVE: To report the decrease in breast imaging after covid-19 pandemic, obtaining the number of mammograms performed in 2019 and 2020. Additionally, to investigate if there was an increase in the proportion of women undergoing mammography for diagnostic purposes, with palpable lesions. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional study, based on the number of mammograms performed by the Brazilian public health services, provided by DATASUS, an open access database. Mammograms from private institutions were not included. This study compares the number of mammograms performed in 2019 and 2020, in women aged 50–69 years, stratified by month, in each federal state, and the presence of palpable lumps (physician-reported). RESULTS: In total, 1,948,471 mammograms were performed in 2019 and 1,126,688 in 2020, for the population studied. These values represent a 42% decline. Monthly, a significant decreased is observed after April 2020. The results varied slightly according to federal state; yet the entire country was affected. Rondônia was the most affected state, with 67% decline. The proportion of women presenting palpable lumps increased from 7.06% on average in 2019 to 7.94% in 2020 (OR = 1.135, 95%CI 1.125–1.145, p = 0,001). DISCUSSION: The number of mammograms performed in 2020 declined considerably. Out of the women who presented for mammogram, the proportion of palpable lumps was significantly higher in 2020. Considering the detection rate of digital mammography, the loss of 800,000 exams means 4,000 undiagnosed breast cancer cases, by the end of 2020.

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