scholarly journals Synthesis of Tricyclic Marine Alkaloids, Cylindricines, Lepadiformines, Fasicularin, and Polycitorols: A Recent Update

Synthesis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 50 (04) ◽  
pp. 685-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shunsuke Chiba ◽  
Atsushi Kaga
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Future Perspective ◽  
Marine Alkaloids ◽  
Tandem Cyclization ◽  
Synthetic Approaches ◽  
Ab Ring ◽  
Ac Ring

Cylindricines, lepadiformines, and fasicularin are tricyclic marine alkaloids bearing perhydropyrrolo- and pyrido[2,1-j] frameworks having divergent chemical functionalities. They have been isolated from marine tunicates over the last two decades and found to have a range of cytotoxicity such as DNA-alkylating ability. Recently, polycitorols have emerged as a new member of this alkaloid family. Their unique structural features and biological activities have intrigued many researchers and challenged them in their synthesis. This review describes recent syntheses of the tricyclic alkaloids based on key synthetic approaches.1 Introduction2 Total and Formal Syntheses2.1 Overview of Synthetic Strategies2.2 Azaspirocycle (BC Ring) Approaches2.3 Indolizidine (AC Ring) Approaches2.4 Azadecalin (AB Ring) Approaches2.5 Tandem Cyclization Approaches3 Summary and Future Perspective

scholarly journals Synthetic Approaches to Tetracyclic Pyrrole Imidazole Marine Alkaloids

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Imaoka ◽  
Makoto Iwata ◽  
Takafumi Akimoto ◽  
Kazuo Nagasawa
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Total Synthesis ◽  
Anticancer Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Marine Alkaloids ◽  
Ring Systems ◽  
Agonistic Activity ◽  
Synthetic Approaches

Oroidin derived pyrrole imidazole marine alkaloids (PIAs) are attractive targets for synthetic organic chemists because of their structural complexity and diversity as well as their interesting biological activities. A number of efforts have been carried out to develop strategies for the synthesis of these natural products. Members of PIAs ( eg., 2-7) which contain tetracyclic ring systems possessing characteristic cyclic guanidine or urea moieties show significant biological activities including anticancer activity and agonistic activity against the adrenoceptor. In this review investigations of the total synthesis of the representative tetracyclic PIAs dibromophakellin (2) and dibromophakellstatin (3) are described.

Recent Advances for the Synthesis of Selenium-containing Small Molecules as Potent Antitumor Agents

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (17) ◽  
pp. 2009-2033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Miao ◽  
Jinyi Xu ◽  
Aijun Lin ◽  
Xiaoming Wu ◽  
Liang Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Antitumor Agents ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Organoselenium Compounds ◽  
Antitumor Effects ◽  
Anticancer Compounds ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Promising Area ◽  
Synthetic Approaches

Selenium-containing small molecules have attracted considerable attention of chemical and medicinal researchers owing to their various biological activities, such as antitumor effects, cardiovascular protection, antibacterial or antiviral effects, immunoregulation and nerve protection, among which the most promising area is antineoplasm. In the past several decades, different kinds of organoselenium compounds, such as selenides, seleno(iso)cyanates, substituted selenoureas, selenious esters and Se-containing heterocycles have been reported as candidates of anti-cancer agents. Current reviews of Se-containing anticancer compounds mainly concerned about the investigation of their bioactivities, whereas, few attention has been addressed on their synthetic approaches. Herein, we summarized methodologies recently developed to synthesize organoselenium compounds with potent antineoplastic properties, which would be helpful for further design and synthesis of new bioactive Se-containing molecules with diverse structural features.

Diversity-Oriented Synthetic Approaches for Furoindoline: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramandeep Kaur ◽  
Yagyesh Kapoor ◽  
Sundeep K. Manjal ◽  
Ravindra K. Rawal ◽  
Kapil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Cancer Cachexia ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Ring System ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Structural Units ◽  
Current Article ◽  
Tetrahydropyranyl Ether ◽  
Synthetic Approaches ◽  
Synthetic Target

The furo [2,3-b] indoline ring system is one of the most important structural units in various natural products. It has been known to have inherent biological activities and is utilized as a synthetic target for a number of natural compounds; therefore, this has contributed to a great demand for the growth of synthetic methods for this ring system. Most important compounds with furoindoline ring system are physovenine, madindoline A and B and makomotindoline etc. These compounds are well known to exhibit biological activity against different diseases such as glaucoma, cancer, cachexia, Castleman’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis, etc. The current article focuses on various synthetic approaches for furoindoline containing compounds and essential furoindoline moiety, such as oxindole-5-O-tetrahydropyranyl ether route etc., and various other diastereoand enantio- controlled approach in a very concise way.

scholarly journals Sphingolipids of Asteroidea and Holothuroidea: Structures and Biological Activities

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 330
Author(s):  
Timofey V. Malyarenko ◽  
Alla A. Kicha ◽  
Valentin A. Stonik ◽  
Natalia V. Ivanchina
Keyword(s):  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Marine Organisms ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
The Past ◽  
Complex Lipids ◽  
Complex Sphingolipids

Sphingolipids are complex lipids widespread in nature as structural components of biomembranes. Commonly, the sphingolipids of marine organisms differ from those of terrestrial animals and plants. The gangliosides are the most complex sphingolipids characteristic of vertebrates that have been found in only the Echinodermata (echinoderms) phylum of invertebrates. Sphingolipids of the representatives of the Asteroidea and Holothuroidea classes are the most studied among all echinoderms. In this review, we have summarized the data on sphingolipids of these two classes of marine invertebrates over the past two decades. Recently established structures, properties, and peculiarities of biogenesis of ceramides, cerebrosides, and gangliosides from starfishes and holothurians are discussed. The purpose of this review is to provide the most complete information on the chemical structures, structural features, and biological activities of sphingolipids of the Asteroidea and Holothuroidea classes.

scholarly journals Green Silver and Gold Nanoparticles: Biological Synthesis Approaches and Potentials for Biomedical Applications

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Rónavári ◽  
Nóra Igaz ◽  
Dóra I. Adamecz ◽  
Bettina Szerencsés ◽  
Csaba Molnar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Biological Synthesis ◽  
Silver And Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Comprehensive Collection ◽  
Synthetic Approaches ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The nanomaterial industry generates gigantic quantities of metal-based nanomaterials for various technological and biomedical applications; however, concomitantly, it places a massive burden on the environment by utilizing toxic chemicals for the production process and leaving hazardous waste materials behind. Moreover, the employed, often unpleasant chemicals can affect the biocompatibility of the generated particles and severely restrict their application possibilities. On these grounds, green synthetic approaches have emerged, offering eco-friendly, sustainable, nature-derived alternative production methods, thus attenuating the ecological footprint of the nanomaterial industry. In the last decade, a plethora of biological materials has been tested to probe their suitability for nanomaterial synthesis. Although most of these approaches were successful, a large body of evidence indicates that the green material or entity used for the production would substantially define the physical and chemical properties and as a consequence, the biological activities of the obtained nanomaterials. The present review provides a comprehensive collection of the most recent green methodologies, surveys the major nanoparticle characterization techniques and screens the effects triggered by the obtained nanomaterials in various living systems to give an impression on the biomedical potential of green synthesized silver and gold nanoparticles.

Tricyclic Marine Alkaloids: Synthetic Approaches to Cylindricines, Lepadiformine, and Fasicularin

ChemInform ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (37) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Schar ◽  
Sylvaine Cren ◽  
Philippe Renaud
Keyword(s):  
Marine Alkaloids ◽  
Synthetic Approaches

Structural features and functional domains of amassin-1, a cell-binding olfactomedin protein

2007 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 552-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Hillier ◽  
Victor D. Vacquier
Keyword(s):  
Disulfide Bonds ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
Binding Activity ◽  
Coiled Coils ◽  
Cell Binding ◽  
Calcium Dependent ◽  
Dependent Cell ◽  
A Cell

Amassin-1 mediates a rapid cell adhesion that tightly adheres sea urchin coelomocytes (body cavity immunocytes) together. Three major structural regions exist in amassin-1: a short β region, 3 coiled coils, and an olfactomedin domain. Amassin-1 contains 8 disulfide-bonded cysteines that, upon reduction, render it inactive. Truncated forms of recombinant amassin-1 were expressed and purified from Pichia pastoris and their disulfide bonding and biological activities investigated. Expressed alone, the olfactomedin domain contained 2 intramolecular disulfide bonds, existed in a monomeric state, and inhibited amassin-1-mediated clotting of coelomocytes by a calcium-dependent cell-binding activity. The N-terminal β region, containing 3 cysteines, was not required for clotting activity. The coiled coils may dimerize amassin-1 in a parallel orientation through a homodimerizing disulfide bond. Neither amassin-1 fragments that were disulfide-linked as dimers or that were engineered to exist as dimers induced coelomocytes clotting. Clotting required higher multimeric states of amassin-1, possibly tetramers, which occurred through the N-terminal β region and (or) the first segment of coiled coils.

An Update on the Synthesis and Applications of Bis(Naphthoquinones): An Important Class of Molecules against Infectious Diseases and Other Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana da S. M. Forezi ◽  
Acácio S. de Souza ◽  
Carolina G. S. Lima ◽  
Amanda A. Borges ◽  
Patricia G. Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
General Class ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Important Class ◽  
Biological Targets ◽  
Valuable Compounds ◽  
Synthetic Approaches

: Naphthoquinones are important molecules belonging to the general class of quinones, and many of these compounds have become drugs that are in the pharmaceutical market for the treatment of several diseases. A special subclass of compounds is that of the bis(naphthoquinones), which have two linked naphthoquinone units. In the last few years, several synthetic approaches toward such valuable compounds have been described, as well as their evaluation against numerous important biological targets. In this review, we provide a thorough discussion on the various synthetic methods reported for the synthesis of bis(naphthoquinone) analogues, also highlighting the biological activities of these substances.

Tanshinone IIA: Pharmacology, total synthesis, and progress in structure-modifications

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Huang ◽  
Hao Deng ◽  
Qing-kun Shen ◽  
Zhe-Shan Quan
Keyword(s):  
Herbal Medicine ◽  
Total Synthesis ◽  
Chinese Herbal Medicine ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Tanshinone Iia ◽  
Structural Modifications ◽  
Chinese Herbal ◽  
Bioactive Constituent

: Tanshinone IIA, a major bioactive constituent of Danshen, a Chinese herbal medicine, has gained extensive exploration owing to its unique structural features and multiple promising biological activities. This review focuses on the pharmacology, total synthesis, and structural modifications of tanshinone IIA. We hope this review will contribute to a better understanding of the progress in the field and provide constructive suggestions for further study of tanshinone IIA.

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