Venous Thromboembolism and High Grade Gliomas

1993 ◽  
Vol 70 (03) ◽  
pp. 393-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandeep S Dhami ◽  
Robert D Bona ◽  
John A Calogero ◽  
Richard M Hellman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Bleeding Complications ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
High Grade Gliomas

SummaryA retrospective study was done to determine the incidence of and the risk factors predisposing to clinical venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients treated for high grade gliomas. Medical records of 68 consecutive patients diagnosed and treated at Saint Francis Hospital and Medical Center from January 1986 to June 1991 were reviewed. The follow up was to time of death or at least 6 months (up to December 1991). All clinically suspected episodes of VTE were confirmed by objective tests. Sixteen episodes of VTE were detected in 13 patients for an overall episode rate of 23.5%. Administration of chemotherapy (p = 0.027, two tailed Fisher exact test) and presence of paresis (p = 0.031, two tailed Fisher exact test) were statistically significant risk factors for the development of VTE. Thrombotic events were more likely to occur in the paretic limb and this difference was statistically significant (p = 0.00049, chi square test, with Yates correction). No major bleeding complications were seen in the nine episodes treated with long term anticoagulation.We conclude that venous thromboembolic complications are frequently encountered in patients being treated for high grade gliomas and the presence of paresis and the administration of chemotherapy increases the risk of such complications.

scholarly journals RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OBESITY, TWIN-PREGNANCY AND PREVIOUS HISTORY OF PREECLAMPSIA WITH PREECLAMPSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 307
Author(s):  
Riani Widia Parantika ◽  
Gatut Hardianto ◽  
Muhammad Miftahussurur ◽  
Wahyul Anis
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Multiple Pregnancies ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Risk Of Preeclampsia

Background: Preeclampsia can threaten the health of the mother and fetus during pregnancy and childbirth, besides that it also increases the risk of long-term complications and has the potential to cause death. The incidence of preeclampsia at the RSUD Engku Haji Daud Tanjung Uban showed an increase in the last three years, namely the occurrence from 2017 as many as 23 cases to 56 cases in 2019. The condition of preeclampsia can worsen quickly and without warning, for that, it must be detected and managed appropriately. This study aimed to identify the association of obesity, multiple pregnancies, and previous history of preeclampsia with the incidence of preeclampsia in maternity women. Methods: This study uses a case-control study design. Performed on women giving birth in the period January – December 2019, consisting of 56 cases and 112 controls. Maternal women with preeclampsia were cases and women who were not diagnosed with preeclampsia were controls. The data was obtained from the respondents' medical records, then analyzed using the Chi-Square test or Fisher's Exact test with a value of = 0,05. Results: Obesity was associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia (OR= 4,746, 95% CI 2,381-9,460; P=0,000). Multiple pregnancies were associated with a significantly increased risk of preeclampsia (OR=15,857, 95% CI 1,899-132,384; P=0,002). Likewise, a previous history of preeclampsia was associated with a markedly increased risk of preeclampsia (OR=99,000, 95% CI 22,057-444,343; P=0,000). Conclusion: Based on these data, it was found that obesity, multiple pregnancies, and previous history of preeclampsia were significant risk factors for the occurrence of preeclampsia. It is important to identify risk factors for preeclampsia early, so that appropriate management can be carried out, to prevent complications.

scholarly journals MICROBE PATTERN AND RISK FACTORS OF DEEP NECK ABSCESS PATIENTS IN ATMA JAYA HOSPITAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Kendrick Klaudius Hartedja ◽  
Ricky Yue ◽  
Lucky H. Moehario
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Neck Abscess ◽  
Deep Neck Abscess ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Age Range

Introduction: Deep neck abscess is a pus accumulation in the space and tissue of the cervical fascia caused by an infection and has the potential for several complications. Appropriate use of antibiotics can prevent these complications, but long culture time has been a main concern. Diabetes and oral hygiene are identified as commonly found risk factors for deep neck abscess. This study aims to analyze patients’ characteristics and the usage of antibiotics in treating deep neck abscess patients in Atma Jaya Hospital as well as assessing the effect of diabetes and oral hygiene as the causes for deep neck abscess. Methods: This was a cohort retrospective, descriptive analytic study. The samples were from 23 deep neck abscess patients undergoing treatment in Atma Jaya Hospital and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Chi square and Fisher exact test were used to determine the significance effect of diabetes and higiene oral in relation to deep neck abscess. Results: There were more male patients than female patients with age range 20-30 years old. Streptococcus viridans and Streptococcus pyogenes were the most common bacteria causing deep neck abscesses. Metronidazole, gentamicin and ceftriaxone were the most widely used antibiotics and it had shown great compatibility to fight against germs found in this disease. Statistical test results on the effect of oral hygiene oral to submandibular abscesses, peritonsillar, and Ludwig’s angina were p(AS)=0.605, p(AP)=1.000, and p(LA)=1.000, while of diabetes were p(AS)=0.685, p(AP)=0.657, and p(LA)=1.000. Conclusion: Deep neck abscess tends to occur in male patients of productive age. Metronidazole, gentamicin and ceftriaxone were the recommended empiric antibiotics. There was no significant relationship between oral hygiene and diabetes on the occurrence of deep neck abscesses.

scholarly journals Risk Factors Associated with Diabetic Foot Disease in Diabetes Patients: First National Study in Oman

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Rashid Al Jabri ◽  
Adhra Al Mawali
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
National Study ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Total Blood ◽  
Record System ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Foot Disease

Objectives: The aim of this study is to identify the correlation betweenmultiple risk factors in the development of DFD in Oman. It also, aims to Identify the effect of having multiple significant risk factors on the disease progression and to explore which risk factor shows the highest correlation with disease development. Methods: A retrospective case–control study was conducted with 100patients and 200 controls. Data of the participants was extracted from hospital’s Electronic Patient Record System (Alshifa) from 2000 to 2018. Chi square, Fisher exact test,Odds Ratio and Multiple regression analysis were used to determine the significance of various risk factors. Rusults: Having a HbA1c > 7, Body Mass Index > 30 kg/m2 (BMI), and blood pressure over 140/90 mmHg showed a strong correlation with the development of DFD. Other risk factors such as age of diabetes, gender, total blood cholesterol, triglyceride levels, LDL, and HDL did not show anysignificant correlation with DFD.   Conclusion: Risk factors for DFD are highly prevalent in our society, controlling these risk factors could minimize the morbidity and the mortality related to this disease as well as reducing the economic impact related to it. Proper education for those at a higher risk could play an important role in the control of this disease.

Intradural Clinoidectomy and Postoperative Headache in Patients Undergoing Aneurysm Surgery

Neurosurgery ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 906-910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel L Barnett ◽  
Brett Whittemore ◽  
Jerri Thomas ◽  
Duke Samson
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Anterior Clinoid Process ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Unruptured Aneurysms ◽  
Optic Strut ◽  
Postoperative Headache ◽  
Carotid Aneurysms

Abstract BACKGROUND: The incidence of severe, chronic postoperative headache in patients undergoing elective surgery for unruptured aneurysms is unknown. In addition, no clear risk factors have been identified for the development of postoperative headache. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate intradural drilling of the anterior clinoid process as a mechanism for the development of postoperative headache after open aneurysm repair. METHODS: A retrospective review of 128 patients undergoing open surgical treatment for unruptured, proximal carotid aneurysms treated at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center between January 2004 and December 2007. Patients who required intradural drilling of the anterior clinoid process were compared with patients in whom additional drilling was not necessary. The presence of postoperative headache and the duration and severity were noted. RESULTS: In 28% of patients who underwent surgery with intradural clinoidectomy severe headache developed vs 7% of patients without clinoidectomy. This result was statistically significant (P < .05, Fisher exact test). CONCLUSION: Intradural drilling of the anterior clinoid process was associated with an increased incidence of postoperative headache compared with no resection. This implicates either the dural manipulation necessary to expose the clinoid and optic strut or the introduction of bone dust into the subarachnoid space as potential risk factors for postoperative headache.

Clinical and Laboratory Risk Factors for Venous Thromboembolism in Patients with High-Grade Gliomas: Results of a Prospective Study of 107 Newly-Diagnosed Patients.

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 1828-1828
Author(s):  
Michael B. Streiff ◽  
Xiaobu Ye ◽  
Serena Desideri ◽  
Thomas Kickler ◽  
Jayesh Jani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Factor Viii ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Abo Blood Group ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Factor Viii Activity ◽  
High Grade Gliomas

Abstract Introduction: Patients with malignant gliomas are at high risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE). The reason for this association is unclear. We sought to identify clinical and laboratory risk factors for VTE in adult patients with high-grade gliomas. Methods: The NABTT CNS Consortium prospectively enrolled patients with newly-diagnosed grade 3 or 4 malignant glioma prior to anti-neoplastic therapy. Patients with a previous history of VTE, anti-neoplastic therapy or on chronic anticoagulation were excluded. At enrollment, we collected demographic and clinical information (age, gender, ethnicity, tumor histopathology and grade, Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS), and ABO blood group) and blood samples for measurement of factor VIII activity (FVIII), fibrinogen, and quantitative D dimer using standard laboratory assays. Endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) was measured using Innovin® and a synthetic chromagenic thrombin substrate on a BCS® coagulation analyzer (Dade Behring Inc. Newark, DE). Fisher’s exact test and the Student’s-T test were used for individual comparison of categorical data and continuous data, respectively. Cox regression modeling was used to examine the association of factors with VTE. The probability of thrombosis-free survival was estimated using the product-limit method of Kaplan and Meier. Results: One hundred seven patients (49% male) with a median age 57 years (range 28–85) were enrolled between 6/05 and 4/08. Ninety patients (84%) had glioblastoma multiforme. Median KPS at enrollment was 90. After a median follow up of 324 days, twenty two patients (21%) have suffered VTE and 45 patients (42%) have died. Median time to VTE was 67 days post-operation (95% Confidence Interval 33–128). No fatal VTE have occurred. VTE was associated with a lower KPS (p=0.008), higher baseline FVIII (178% versus 151%, p=0.04) and greater ETP (473nmol/L versus 438nmol/L, p=0.04) but not with ABO blood group. Patients suffering VTE were more likely to die than patients without VTE (68% versus 35%, p<0.005). Conclusions: In a prospective cohort study of newly-diagnosed patients with high-grade gliomas, we have identified a substantial incidence of VTE. Patients with VTE had a lower initial KPS, higher factor VIII activity, greater ETP and were more likely to die than patients without VTE. With additional follow up, we hope to identify additional clinical and laboratory risk factors for VTE. These data should lead to greater insight into the pathogenesis of VTE in patients with high-grade gliomas and facilitate identification of patients in whom primary long-term VTE prophylaxis may be beneficial.

scholarly journals Table Saw Injuries: Are Our Safety Features Really Keeping Us Safe?

Hand ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Smith ◽  
Ian Kendrick ◽  
Thomas Huntsman
Keyword(s):  
Medical Center ◽  
The United States ◽  
Tendon Injury ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Severity Of Injury ◽  
Tests Of Association ◽  
Safety Features ◽  
Knife Blade

Background: Currently, table saws sold in the United States have 3 safety features (riving knife, blade guard, and antikickback device) designed to prevent personal injury; however, these features can hinder the user’s movements and are often disabled or removed. Despite the frequency of table saw injuries, there is relatively limited literature regarding them. Methods: We performed a retrospective, observational study of characteristics associated with injuries incurred while using a table saw. Electronic medical records from Bassett Medical Center were reviewed from 2002 to 2014 to identify patients who sustained table saw injury, and surveys were sent to the patients. Tests of association between survey variables (eg, presence/absence of safety device vs severity of injury) were carried out using chi-square or Fisher exact test. Results: Seventy-three percent of those injured had disabled their safety features or had no safety features present; 27% of those injured had one or more safety features enabled when they sustained the injury. Of those injured, 18% sustained a “mild” injury (skin laceration), 39% sustained a “moderate” injury (nerve or tendon injury), and 43% sustained a “severe” injury (partial or complete amputation). There was no statistically significant association between severity of the injury and presence/absence of safety features. Conclusions: This study highlights 2 major problems with the current safety features: People are dissatisfied with current safety features, disabling them and sustaining injuries, and even when they are enabled, people are still getting injured—suggesting inadequacy of the current features.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the association of ERCC2 rs13181 polymorphism with different types of gliomas in patients in Northeast Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cléciton Braga Tavares ◽  
Larysse Cardoso Campos-Verdes ◽  
Pedro Vitor Lopes-Costa ◽  
Frsancisca das Chagas Sheyla Almeida Gomes-Braga ◽  
Elmo Jesus Nery Junior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Categorical Variables ◽  
Taqman Assay ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Low Grade Gliomas ◽  
High Grade Gliomas

Abstract Gliomas are the most common primary tumors of the central nervous system with unclear etiology. However, hereditary factors may play an important role in glioma development, with mutations and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) being prominent among the genetic changes. This study aimed to evaluate the association of the ERCC2 gene rs13181 variant polymorphism between high- and low-grade gliomas in patients from Brazil’s Northeast region. Samples from glioma patients stored in paraffin blocks were used. DNA extraction was performed using the MagMAX™ FFPE DNA/RNA Ultra kit, and for genotyping, the Taqman assay probe C_3145033_10 corresponding to the SNP rs13181 of the ERCC2 gene was selected. Quantitative and categorical variables were analyzed using the t-test and Fisher’s exact test or Chi-square test (p < 0.05). Patients with low-grade gliomas were younger than those with high-grade gliomas (p = 0.003). Statistically significant differences were not observed in the expression of the GG, GT, and TT genotypes between low- and high-grade gliomas. The ERCC2 rs13181 genotypes found were TT, GG, and GT; however, no difference in the expression between different glioma types was observed.

scholarly journals Frequency of metabolic syndrome in stroke: a study in a tertiary health care centre in north Kerala

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 4143
Author(s):  
Swapna P. K.
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Health Care Centre ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
The Impact

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability in developing countries beginning to affect young adults. Key components of the metabolic syndrome are important risk factors for stroke. This study intended to study the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with stroke. Screening adolescents and young adults for components of metabolic syndrome will prove useful in clinical management, and its elements ultimately become important therapeutic targets for the reduction of stroke burden in the general population.Methods: Data was collected from 150 patients who were admitted with cerebrovascular accident (CVA) in the Department of Medicine. Frequency tests were conducted for various risk factors. Chi-square and Fisher exact test were used to test the significance of proportion of study parameters in the classes. The observations in this study were analysed using SPSS software.Results: Metabolic syndrome was present in 46% of the study population. Among the components of the metabolic syndrome, Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor (68%). 67.14% of the population had 2 components of metabolic syndrome which predisposes them to a greater risk of developing metabolic syndrome over a period of few months to years.Conclusions: With the obesity epidemic, the impact of the metabolic syndrome is likely to increase. Thus, diagnosing and adequately managing metabolic syndrome is an important step in the preventing cerebrovascular disease. This study emphasises the need to target the population with one or more components of the metabolic syndrome as they are at high risk of developing stroke in the future.

scholarly journals A retrospective analysis of risk factors associated with catheter-related thrombosis: a single-center study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shen Runnan ◽  
Zhou Xuezhen ◽  
Lin Xi ◽  
Qu Yingying ◽  
Mo Chunling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Anticoagulation Therapy ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
Systematic Risk Factors ◽  
Catheter Related Thrombosis

Abstract Background: Catheter-related thrombosis (CRT) may lead to catheter infections and failure, further deep venous thrombosis (DVT), and pulmonary embolism (PE). Recognizing the risk factors for CRT is extremely important to inform the development of catheter-nursing guidelines.Methods: Data were collected from a total of 1532 patients who had undergone venous catheterization, including indwelling catheterization from March 19 to March 30, 2019 in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital. The factors for which data were to be collected included the patients’ physical characteristics, catheter-associated factors, and factors associated with catheter nursing. Logistic regression analysis, the chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and the t-test were used to analyze the data. Results: Of the 1532 patients studied, 28 developed intraductal thrombi, and of the factors analyzed, tumor, a catheterization history, a history of thrombophilia, surgery during the week before catheterization, the catheterization duration were significant risk factors associated with CRT (all P < 0.05). There were no significant associations between the catheter brand, the number of lumens, the insertion direction, or the factors associated with catheter nursing and CRT (all P > 0.05). Anticoagulation therapy significantly decreases the risk of CRT ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion: Tumor, a history of thrombophilia, a history of catheterization, surgery during the week before catheterization, and catheterization duration were associated with increased risks of CRT. Prophylactic anticoagulation is effective for preventing and treating CRT. Our study incorporates clear and systematic risk factors associated with CRT. The results are different from those of previous studies.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Various Surgical Treatments for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: A Propensity Score Matched Analysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 219256822097609
Author(s):  
Nathan J. Lee ◽  
Jun S. Kim ◽  
Paul Park ◽  
K. Daniel Riew
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
National Database ◽  
Cardiac Complications ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Independent Risk Factors

Study Design: Retrospective Cohort. Objective: To compare the short-term outcomes for Laminoplasty, Laminectomy/fusion, and ACDF. Methods: We utilized a prospectively-collected, multi-center national database with a propensity score matching algorithm to compare the short-term outcomes for laminoplasty, laminectomy/fusion, and multi-level (>3) ACDF (with and without corpectomy). Bivariate analyses involved both chi-square/fisher exact test and t-test/ANOVA on perioperative factors. Multivariate analyses were performed to determined independent risk factors for short term outcomes. Results: 546 patients remained after propensity score matching, with 182 patients in each cohort. ACDF required the longest operative time 188 ± 79 versus laminectomy/fusion (169 ± 75, p = 0.017), and laminoplasty (167 ± 66, p = 0.004). ACDF required the shortest hospital stay (LOS ≥ 2: ACDF 56.6%, laminoplasty 89.6%, laminectomy/fusion 93.4%, p < 0.05). ACDF had lower overall complications (ACDF 3.9%, laminoplasty 7.7%, laminectomy/fusion 11.5%, p < 0.05), mortality (ACDF 0%, laminoplasty 0.55%, laminectomy/fusion 2.2%, p < 0.05), and unplanned readmissions (ACDF 4.4%, laminoplasty 4.4%, laminectomy/fusion 9.9%, p < 0.05). No significant differences were seen in the other outcomes including DVT/PT, acute renal failure, UTI, stroke, cardiac complications, or sepsis. In the multivariate analysis, laminectomy/fusion (OR 17, reference: ACDF) and laminoplasty (OR10, reference: ACDF) were strong independent risk factors for LOS ≥ 2 days. Laminectomy/fusion (OR 3.2, reference: ACDF) was an independent predictor for any adverse events 30-days after surgery. Conclusions: Laminectomy/fusion carries the highest risk for morbidity, mortality, and unplanned readmissions in the short-term postoperative period. Laminoplasty and ACDF cases carry similar short-term complications risks. ACDF is significantly associated with the longest operative duration and shortest LOS without an increase in individual or overall complications, readmissions, or reoperations

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