scholarly journals Peripheral Nerve Schwannomas: A Literature Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (04) ◽  
pp. 308-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo José Silva Magalhães ◽  
Douglas Vitor Maia Pereira ◽  
Henrique Nunes Pereira Oliva ◽  
Dayane Tabatha Santos Durães ◽  
Fernanda Leal Caiado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Myelin Sheath ◽  
Surgical Complications ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
The Third ◽  
Pubmed Database

Abstract Introduction Schwannomas are benign tumors originating from the cells, which wrap around axons that are usually encapsulated and solitary. These tumors usually lead to little or no symptomatology. They are usually the most common peripheral nerve tumors in adults, with their highest incidence between the third and fifth decades of life. Objective To perform a review about schwannoma of the peripheral nerves, presenting its definition, epidemiology, diagnosis, symptomatology and treatment. Methodology This is a descriptive work, based on a review of articles available in the PubMed database with the descriptors schwannoma and peripheral nerves. Results and Discussion Only papers published between 1981 and 2019, describing studies in humans, and that were available as full articles were selected. A total of 391 articles were included; after reading the titles, we noted that 67 articles fit the topic of the present study. Among the articles selected for reading, 33 fit the objectives of the present work, and were considered for the writing of the present article. Conclusion Schwannomas are benign myelin sheath tumors that develop with local symptomatology or asymptomatic and present a good surgical prognosis with generally reduced rates of surgical complications.

scholarly journals Experimental Methods to Simulate and Evaluate Postsurgical Peripheral Nerve Scarring

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1613
Author(s):  
Alessandro Crosio ◽  
Giulia Ronchi ◽  
Benedetta Elena Fornasari ◽  
Simonetta Odella ◽  
Stefania Raimondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Scar Tissue ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Tissue Formation ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Scar Tissue Formation

As a consequence of trauma or surgical interventions on peripheral nerves, scar tissue can form, interfering with the capacity of the nerve to regenerate properly. Scar tissue may also lead to traction neuropathies, with functional dysfunction and pain for the patient. The search for effective antiadhesion products to prevent scar tissue formation has, therefore, become an important clinical challenge. In this review, we perform extensive research on the PubMed database, retrieving experimental papers on the prevention of peripheral nerve scarring. Different parameters have been considered and discussed, including the animal and nerve models used and the experimental methods employed to simulate and evaluate scar formation. An overview of the different types of antiadhesion devices and strategies investigated in experimental models is also provided. To successfully evaluate the efficacy of new antiscarring agents, it is necessary to have reliable animal models mimicking the complications of peripheral nerve scarring and also standard and quantitative parameters to evaluate perineural scars. So far, there are no standardized methods used in experimental research, and it is, therefore, difficult to compare the results of the different antiadhesion devices.

scholarly journals Solitary Schwannoma on the Hypothenar Region of the Hand: A Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 449-452
Author(s):  
Kastanis G ◽  
Kapsetakis P ◽  
Magarakis G ◽  
Bachlitzanaki M ◽  
Christoforidis C ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Rare Manifestation ◽  
Histopathological Evidence ◽  
Volar Surface

Schwannomas or neurilemmomas are the most common benign tumors of the neural sheaths of the peripheral nerves. Incidence of these tumors in the hand accounts to 0.8-2%. The majority of them appear as an isolated grown mass along the route of the nerves. Peripheral nerves benign tumors present many difficulties concerning the clinical diagnosis and only histopathological evidence provides the final diagnosis. In this case study, we present a 45 year old man with a grown asymptomatic mass on the volar surface of right hand (hypothenar) remained for two years and impinging the skin of the hand only the last months. Initial MRI results diagnosed the mass as gaglion cyst. Histopathological examination revealed a schwannoma. We present this case as a rare manifestation of a schwannoma in hypothenar area of the hand. A literature review of diagnoses and therapeutic management is also presented.

scholarly journals A Rare Case of Extracranial Schwannoma of the Hypoglossal Nerve Located in the Parapharyngeal Space Mimicking a Deep Neck Abscess

2021 ◽  
pp. 014556132098836
Author(s):  
Antonio Gilardi ◽  
Andrea Ciofalo ◽  
Andrea Colizza ◽  
Roger Altomari ◽  
Marco de Vincentiis
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Myelin Sheath ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Hypoglossal Nerve ◽  
Parapharyngeal Space ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Neck Abscess ◽  
Deep Neck Abscess

Schwannomas are neurogenic benign tumors originating from the myelin sheath of peripheral nerves, and hypoglossal Schwannomas account for 5% of nonvestibular ones. Extracranial localizations are substantially rare, especially those affecting exclusively the parapharyngeal space; for this reason, the retrostyloid neoformations could initially masquerade as a carotid tumor or deep organized neck abscess. The purpose of this report is to highlight the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in the correct management of differential diagnosis.

scholarly journals Prof. M. N. Lapinsky. About degeneration and regeneration of peripheral nerves. - Kiev, 1904

1904 ◽  
Vol XII (4) ◽  
pp. 146-149
Author(s):  
B. Vorotynskiy
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fiber ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Nerve Fibers

The work is divided into 4 chapters. The first chapter is devoted to a literature review of the issue of degeneration of peripheral nerve fibers. The next two chapters contain a description of the finest structure of the peripheral nerve according to the latest literature data and on the basis of the author's own observations. The last chapter presents the results of the author's experimental research on the question of the degeneration and revival of the nerve fiber in the peripheral nerve.

The fine structure and morphological organization of non-myelinated nerve fibres

1956 ◽  
Vol 144 (917) ◽  
pp. 496-506 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Schwann Cell ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Myelin Sheath ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Nerve Fibres ◽  
Myelinated Nerve ◽  
Morphological Organization ◽  
Myelinated Fibres

The fine structure and morphological organization of non-myelinated nerve fibres were studied by ultra-thin sectioning and electron microscopy in peripheral nerves, autonomic nerves and dorsal roots. Several non-myelinated fibres share the cytoplasm of a Schwann cell. The Schwann cells of non-myelinated fibres form a syncytium. The fibres are incompletely sur­rounded by Schwann cell cytoplasm and are suspended in the cytoplasm by mesaxons formed by the plasma membranes of the Schwann cell. The various relationships of mesaxon and nerve fibre are described. Non-myelinated fibres which do not share a Schwann cell are seen very frequently in the sciatic nerve of a new-born mouse but become less common as myelination proceeds and are rare in adults. It is therefore suggested that in developing peripheral nerves, the non­ myelinated fibres that are destined to myelinate are not organized into groups within a single Schwann cell, even before their myelin sheath has appeared; they are, at least for the ages examined here, individuals in relation to a surrounding individual Schwann cell. It is also suggested that the non-myelinated fibres that will never acquire a myelin sheath are organized in a developing peripheral nerve in the same manner as in the adult nerve—several fibres sharing a single Schwann cell that is part of a syncytial system of Schwann cells. Thus, in a developing peripheral nerve, it appears that two types of non-myelinated fibres are present—one destined to myelinate and lying alone in its own Schwann cell and the other, destined to remain unmyelinated and sharing, along with other non-myelinated fibres of the same type, a Schwann cell. The significance of these observations is discussed in relation to the development of nerve fibres and possible physiological importance.

scholarly journals Lipomatous, vascular, and chondromatous benign tumors of the peripheral nerves

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude-Edouard Châtillon ◽  
Marie-Christine Guiot ◽  
Line Jacques
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Postoperative Radiotherapy ◽  
Symptomatic Relief ◽  
Gross Total Resection ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Preoperative Embolization ◽  
Total Resection ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Lesions ◽  
The Right

Benign peripheral nerve lesions of lipomatous, vascular, and chondromatous origin are very rare. Only one previous case of brachial plexus involvement by such a tumor has been reported. The authors report on their experience with peripheral nerve tumors in three patients and review the available literature on these topics. The three cases discussed include a 44-year-old woman with an intraneural lipoma of the right middle trunk, a 40-year-old woman with an intraneural hemangioma infiltrating the right posterior cord, and a newborn male with a predominantly cartilaginous hamartoma originating from the right C-5 nerve root. The literature review yielded six previous cases of intraneural lipoma, approximately 50 cases of lipofibromatous hamartoma, 13 cases of intraneural hemangioma, and no previous case of cartilaginous hamartoma originating from a nerve. Intraneural lipomas are well encapsulated, and gross-total resection can be achieved. Lipofibromatous hamartomas are diffusely infiltrative; decompressive debulking and neurolysis is often the most appropriate initial approach for patients with symptomatic lesions. Resection of intraneural hemangiomas can be achieved but may require nerve resection and repair in some cases. Debulking has been reported to provide prolonged symptomatic relief in these lesions, and preoperative embolization and postoperative radiotherapy were beneficial in the case presented here. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of a cartilaginous hamartoma infiltrating a peripheral nerve. Gross-total resection of symptomatic intraneural lipomas is feasible and apparently curative. The optimal treatment for lipofibromatous hamartomas and vascular and chondromatous lesions of the peripheral nerves is uncertain and should be guided by the severity of symptoms.

scholarly journals P.114 Benign tumors of peripheral nerves in children at a tertiary-care pediatric hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (s3) ◽  
pp. S51-S51
Author(s):  
A Yaworski ◽  
K Koujok ◽  
K Cheung ◽  
Y Ying ◽  
H McMillan
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Muscle Wasting ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Palpable Mass ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Nodular Lesions

Background: Tumors affecting peripheral nerves in children are rare. Accurate diagnosis ensures that management is appropriate and timely. Methods: We review the clinical presentation and utility of investigations of children with intrinsic tumors affecting peripheral nerves at the Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO). Results: From 2009-2019, 14 cases were identified. Mean age of symptom onset was 8.2 years (range 0.3 to 17.3 years). Presenting symptoms included painless muscle wasting (2/14), focal muscle weakness (7/14), contracture (1/14), pain (1/14) or a painless, palpable mass (3/14). MRI was useful at differentiating benign pediatric nerve tumors. Peripheral nerve lipomatosis demonstrated a classic “spaghetti string” appearance. Patients with perineurioma showed evidence of enhancing, nodular lesions while intraneural ganglionic cysts display cystic lesion within the nerve. Neurofibromas appear like a “bag of worms” while schwannomas are more eccentrically positioned around the nerve. Nerve conduction studies (NCS) or electromyography (EMG) were performed in 11/14 patients. Biopsies were performed in 9 patients and surgical management in 4 patients. Conclusions: The rare nature of peripheral nerve tumors in children can pose diagnostic challenges. NCS/EMG are important to assist with localization, and MRI important at distinguishing benign tumors. Key MRI, clinical and NCS features can guide management, potentially avoiding invasive procedures.

scholarly journals Cervical Schwannoma

2004 ◽  
Vol 43 (155) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bal Gopal Karmacharya ◽  
N Khadka ◽  
MR Joshi ◽  
VK Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Schwann Cells ◽  
Myelin Sheath ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Parapharyngeal Space ◽  
The Body ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
The Right ◽  
Slow Growing

Schwannomas are solitary, slow growing benign tumors arising from the Schwann cells that form the myelin sheath around the peripheral nerves. Head and neck is the commonest site of these tumors in the body. We present a case of schwannoma in a 35 years old man who had a painless slowly growing tumor in the right side of his neck.Key Words: Schwannoma, FNAC, parapharyngeal space. 

scholarly journals The phenomenon of focal peripheral nerve constriction: review of the literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Druzhinin ◽  
E. S. Naumova ◽  
S. S. Nikitin ◽  
N. N. Spirin
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Pubmed Database ◽  
Additional Imaging

Today the description of phenomenon of the focal “hourglass-like constriction” of the peripheral nerves in patients with acute pain mononeuropathy is often found in literature. The use of additional imaging techniques of peripheral nerves such as high-resolution ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging allowed to detect this pathology more often. The purpose of the review is to summarize information about the phenomenon of the focal “hourglass-like constriction”. We analyzed 30 publications in PubMed database by key words: “Hourglass like construction of peripheral nerve” with the description of 158 patients with the focal “hourglass-like constriction”.

Figurative comparisons and eponims in functional diagnostics. Part 3. Ultrasound examination of blood vessels and peripheral nerves

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
N. V. Zaikina ◽  
L. V. Agafonova ◽  
M. P. Zaikina
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Peripheral Nerves ◽  
Da Vinci ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Leonardo Da Vinci ◽  
Functional Diagnostics ◽  
Mickey Mouse ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ultrasound Diagnostics

This article is the third part from set of materials telling about figurative comparisons and eponyms, which have become an integral part of modern functional and ultrasound diagnostics. It is impossible to imagine modern angiology without ultrasound. Examination of peripheral nerve is currently becoming more widespread in practical health care. In this article you can find the diseases and anatomical terms which was named after the great scientists who first described them: Valsalva, Leonardo da Vinci, Giacomini, Paget, Schroetter, Takayasu, Burger, Reynaud, Menkeberg, Willis, Scarpa, Hunter, etc. Such figurative comparisons are described as ‘Mickey Mouse sign’, ‘one-eared Mickey Mouse’, ‘Egyptian eye’ (‘Pharaoh’s eye’), ‘royal vein’, ‘bunny spectrum’, ‘honeycombs’, ‘salt-pepper’, ‘electric cable’ etc. The terms that will be discussed in the article have not only scientific, but also applied meaning. The article will be useful and interesting to students of medical universities, residents and doctors, whom it will help to check and possibly, update their knowledge.

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