scholarly journals Knowledge attitude and practices of oral and personal hygiene to prevent communicable diseases among students in and around the city of Mangalore. An epidemiological survey

2016 ◽  
Vol 06 (02) ◽  
pp. 035-039
Author(s):  
Amitha M. Hegde ◽  
Adrija Kar ◽  
Lekshmi R. ◽  
Minu Mathew
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Regional Language ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
Percentile Scores ◽  
Sanitary Conditions ◽  
The City

Abstract Introduction: India is undergoing an epidemiologic, demo-graphic and health transition. The expectancy of life has increased, with consequent rise in degenerative diseases of aging and lifestyles. Nevertheless, communicable diseases are still dominant and constitute major public health issues. There are several factors associated with the control of communicable diseases, such as hygiene, sanitation and safe drinking water, which are interlinked. Inadequate sanitary conditions and poor hygiene practices play major roles in the increased burden of communicable diseases. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the knowledge about communicable diseases and practices of proper hygiene measures, among school going children in and around Mangalore, Karnataka. Methodology: A survey was conducted among the students of an English and Kannada medium school using a basic questionnaire. Results: An overall lower percentile scores were obtained by children from Kannada medium school. Conclusion: There is a definite need for intense campaigns for the promotion of good oral and personal hygiene practices better aimed at the prevention of communicable diseases in local regional language medium schools in India.

scholarly journals Do they really wash their hands? Prevalence estimates for personal hygiene behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic based on indirect questions

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Mieth ◽  
Maike M. Mayer ◽  
Adrian Hoffmann ◽  
Axel Buchner ◽  
Raoul Bell
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Crosswise Model

Abstract Background During the COVID-19 pandemic, billions of people have to change their behaviours to slow down the spreading of the virus. Protective measures include self-isolation, social (physical) distancing and compliance with personal hygiene rules, particularly regular and thorough hand washing. Prevalence estimates for the compliance with the COVID-19 measures are often based on direct self-reports. However, during a health crisis there is strong public pressure to comply with health and safety regulations so that people’s responding in direct self-reports may be seriously compromised by social desirability. Methods In an online survey, an indirect questioning technique was used to test whether the prevalence of hygiene practices may be lower than in conventional surveys when confidentiality of responding is guaranteed. The Extended Crosswise Model is an indirect questioning technique that guarantees the confidentiality of responding. To the degree that direct self-reports are biased by social desirability, prevalence estimates of hygiene practices such as thorough hand washing based on the Extended Crosswise Model should be lower than those based on direct self-reports. Results We analysed data of 1434 participants. In the direct questioning group 94.5% of the participants claimed to practice proper hand hygiene; in the indirect questioning group a significantly lower estimate of only 78.1% was observed. Conclusions These results indicate that estimates of the degree of commitment to measures designed to counter the spread of the disease may be significantly inflated by social desirability in direct self-reports. Indirect questioning techniques with higher levels of confidentiality seem helpful in obtaining more realistic estimates of the degree to which people follow the recommended personal hygiene measures. More realistic estimates of compliance can help to inform and to adjust public information campaigns on COVID-19 hygiene recommendations.

scholarly journals A study on sanitation, hygiene practices and food safety knowledge among food vendors in different sectors of Chandigarh, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 931-934
Author(s):  
Aradhana Thakur Thakur ◽  
Uttara Singh
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Demographic Information ◽  
Street Food ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Bare Hand ◽  
Safety Knowledge ◽  
The City

The present study were carried out to assess the hygiene practices and food safety among street food vendors in the city of Chandigarh. It includes 100 samples of vendors.  Fifty vendors were mobile and other 50 was fixed vendors. A self planned questionnaire was used for data collection for the vendors. The questionnaire included questions about demographic information, hygiene practices and food safety. Thirty eight percent of vendors used stalls, but did not uphold their stalls well.  Eighty-three per cent of the vendors had thrown garbage in the open vessel and 14.0% used dustbin for dispose garbage. Personal hygiene was also observed which indicated that the vendors never wear the head covers, handled food with bare hand and they did not wear overcoats/aprons as well. Street food vendors were not aware of hygienic and sanitary practice.

scholarly journals “Wiraku Suci”: A Children’s App for Learning Hygiene Practices

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 20-30
Author(s):  
Aznoora Osman ◽  
Nurul Husniyah Mohd Azman
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Learning ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Video Clips ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Development Life Cycle ◽  
Evaluation Phase ◽  
Human Need ◽  
Spiral Model

Hygiene care is a basic human need, but very essential practice that must be taught since childhood. Personal hygiene involves making sure body parts are clean to avoid from health issues caused by poor cleanliness. Parents ultimately bear the responsibility to teach their children about cleanliness, and normally this is done by showing and practising hygiene care themselves. Nevertheless, it is not that easy to educate personal hygiene care to them, especially in the ages of four to six years old, because they are actively playing and exploring their environments. To aid parents, mobile learning app could be employed because hygiene habits can be shown via more engaging ways such as through pictures and video clips of personal hygiene care, simple drag and drop games, and pictorial quiz. In this study, a mobile learning app with game-based approach has been developed by following the software development life cycle Spiral model. During evaluation phase, a heuristic evaluation with five Computer Science lecturers was conducted to examine the usability of the app. Results from the evaluation were used as guidance to refine and improvise the app so that they will be usable and enjoyable for children.   

scholarly journals Do they really wash their hands? Prevalence estimates for personal hygiene behaviour during the coronavirus crisis based on indirect questions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Mieth ◽  
Maike Mayer ◽  
Adrian Hoffmann ◽  
Axel Buchner ◽  
Raoul Bell
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Information Campaigns ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Hygiene Behaviour ◽  
Hygiene Measures

Abstract Background: During the so-called coronavirus crisis, billions of people have to change their behaviours to slow down the pandemic. Protective measures include self-isolation, social (physical) distancing and compliance with personal hygiene rules, particularly regular and thorough hand washing. To adjust public information campaigns to the level of people’s commitment and to evaluate the effectiveness of these campaigns, valid information about the degree to which people comply with protective measures is desirable.Methods: However, during a health crisis there is strong public pressure to comply with health and safety regulations so that people’s responding in direct questionings may be seriously compromised by social desirability. Here we use an indirect questioning technique to test whether the prevalence of hygiene practices may be lower when confidentiality of responding is guaranteed.Results: In the direct questioning group 94.5 % of the participants claimed to practice proper hand hygiene; in the indirect questioning group a significantly lower estimate of only 78.1 % was observed.Conclusions: These results indicate that estimates of the degree of commitment to measures designed to counter the spread of the disease may be significantly inflated by social desirability in direct questionings. Indirect questioning techniques with higher levels of confidentiality seem helpful in obtaining more realistic estimates of the degree to which people follow the recommended personal hygiene measures.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRUCTURED TEACHING PROGRAMME ON KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE REGARDING ENVIRONMENTAL AND PERSONAL HYGIENE AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manish Saxena Manish Saxena ◽  
Dr. Rajendra Prasad Sharma sharma
Keyword(s):  
School Children ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Teaching Programme ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Trained Staff ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Hygiene Education ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

A study regarding poor hygiene and inadequate sanitary conditions play major roles in the increased burden of communicable diseases. The study evaluated the knowledge, attitude, practice of hygiene among rural school children in Ethiopia; about 669 students were in grades 1-6, and they were interviewed by trained staff. Data consisted of hygiene and hand washing practices, knowledge about sanitation, personal hygiene characteristics. Approximately 52% of students were having adequate knowledge of hygiene, only 36.2% reported using soap, and of the 76.7% of students who reported hand washing after defecation, only 14.8% reported actually following this practice. Study findings underscore the need for more hand washing and hygiene education in schools. The first concept in personal hygiene is the positive and negative emotions that affect physical health, such as feeling pride in being neat and clean or feeling frustration in using hygiene tools. The second concept is personal hygiene practices such as hand washing, oral hygiene etc. The third concept is the fact that germs can lead to common diseases such as the flu or a cold. Nurses can use various techniques to help kids remember these.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Vegetable Contamination with Medically Important Helminths and Protozoans in Calabar, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Imalele Edema Enogiomwan ◽  
Evbuomwan Owen Ikponmwosa ◽  
Osondu-Anyanwu Chinyere ◽  
Akpan Blessing Christopher
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Cross River ◽  
Cross River State ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Sanitary Conditions ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Aims: Vegetables are usually exposed to parasitic ova, larvae or oocyst during cultivation, irrigation, storage, transportation or while processing for consumption. Consumption of raw, unwashed and improperly cooked vegetables is considered a risk factor for transmission of intestinal parasites. This study assessed the parasitic contamination of vegetables and also determined factors associated with parasitic contamination of vegetables in selected markets in Calabar, Cross River State. Place and Duration of Study: Sample: Markets within Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria between September and October, 2018. Methodology: A pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was used for collecting data on factors associated with parasitic contamination of vegetables. 300 vegetable samples were purchased and processed from three different markets in Calabar for examination of parasitic contamination using direct wet mount and zinc sulphate floatation techniques. Results: 15.7% (47/300) of the vegetables sampled were positive for at least one parasite. The species and stages of parasites detected were larvae of Strongyloides, ova of Trichuris trichiura and Hookworm, and cysts of Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia. Larvae of Strongyloides (11.3%) were the most frequently detected followed by ova of T. trichiura (1.7%) and Hookworm (1.7%) (P = 0.000). Among the five vegetable types sampled, waterleaf (40%) had the highest level of parasitic contamination followed by pumpkin (21.7%). Washing vegetables before display and the means of display were significantly associated with parasitic contamination (P = 0.000). Conclusion: Prevention of contamination is important in reducing food-borne parasitic infections and can be achieved through improved personal hygiene practices of farmers, vendors and consumers, proper washing of vegetables and improved sanitary conditions especially around markets where these vegetables are sold.

scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors associated with serovars of Leptospira in dogs from Culiacan, Sinaloa

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Víctor Hernández Ramírez ◽  
Soila Maribel Gaxiola Camacho ◽  
Ignacio Osuna Ramirez ◽  
Idalia Enríquez Verdugo ◽  
Nohemí Castro del Campo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Epidemiological Risk ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Sanitary Conditions ◽  
The City

Veterinaria México OA ISSN: 2448-6760Cite this as:Hernández Ramírez CV, Gaxiola Camacho SM, Osuna Ramirez I, Enríquez Verdugo I, Castro del Campo N, López Moreno HS. Prevalence and risk factors associated with serovars of Leptospira in dogs from Culiacan, Sinaloa. Veterinaria México OA 2017;4(2).doi: 10.21753/vmoa.2.2.369Domestic dogs transmit Leptospira spp. to humans, and determining the health risk that they represent is of paramount importance. To determine the seroprevalence and main risk factors associated with serovars of Leptospira in dogs from Culiacan, Sinaloa, we obtained serum samples from 165 dogs. The samples were stored at -40 °C and were analysed by the microbiology laboratory at Centro Nacional de Sanidad Animal using the leptospirosis microscopic agglutination test. Additionally, a survey was performed to identify epidemiological risk factors, and statistical inference was determined using chi-square test, odd ratios, and logistic regression with a statistical significance set at P < 0.05. The prevalence of Leptospira was 9 % (15/165), and we identified seven serovars: canicola 17 (46 %), icterohaemorrhagiae (40 %), bratislava (40 %), grippotyphosa (33 %), shermani (33 %), pyrogenes (20 %) and ballum (13 %). Based on our epidemiological survey, the risk factors associated with the detection of antibodies against Leptospira include the permanent habitation of pets in courtyards (OR = 4.6, P < 0.05) and presence of water stored in drums and basins (OR = 3.25, P < 0.05). The prevalence of leptospirosis in dogs indicates that the disease is present in the city of Culiacan and that leptospiral antibodies in dogs increase in poor sanitary conditions with stored water, which increases the potential risk of infection for both humans and animals.Figure 1. Frequency of observed serovars of Leptospira

scholarly journals Hygiene Practices and Airborne Microbial Concentrations in Restaurants

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-42
Author(s):  
Bashar Haruna Gulumbe ◽  
Abdullahi Hassan Kawo ◽  
Mohammed Bashar Danlami ◽  
Muhammad Bello
Keyword(s):  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Food Hygiene ◽  
Basic Training ◽  
Food Handlers ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Sanitary Condition ◽  
Exposure Risks ◽  
Dining Room ◽  
Sanitary Conditions

 This study was carried out to evaluate bioaerosol concentrations in the indoor air and the hygiene practices of restaurants to highlight the exposure risks and improve food safety in restaurants. Using depositional sampling techniques, air samples were collected from each restaurant kitchen and dining room and aerobically cultured. Hygiene/sanitary conditions were assessed using observation schedules and questionnaires. Meteorological parameters were also monitored during air sampling. The results revealed that bacterial and fungal concentrations (CFU m-3) ranged from 1.07×103‒1.36×104 and 8.2×101‒5.76×102, respectively. Regarding the sanitary conditions of the restaurants, 3.5% of the kitchens were in good sanitary condition, and the food was adequately protected from flies in only 14% of the kitchens. Only 3.5% of the food handlers had attended food hygiene basic training, up to 33% of the food handlers had no education at all, and only 0.10% had medical certifications. High microbial counts and the poor sanitary conditions and personal hygiene practices observed in this study not only indicate a strong need for improved hygiene but also constitute a serious potential health hazards.

Menstrual Education and Personal Hygiene Supplies to Empower Young Women in Haiti

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 210-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Coker-Bolt ◽  
Annika Jansson ◽  
Sherridan Bigg ◽  
Elizabeth Hammond ◽  
Harmony Hudson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Women’S Health ◽  
Women's Health ◽  
Young Women ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Haitian Women ◽  
International Program ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Perceived Benefit

Recent studies report that Haitian women are concerned about unmet women’s health issues. The Days for Girls (DfG) International program features women’s health education and personal hygiene kits to ensure women understand the process of menstruation and sanitary hygiene practices. The aim was to train Haitian seamstresses to produce the DfG kits during an in-country workshop and investigate the perceived benefit of the DfG program in young women who used the DfG kits. Posttest only design was used to measure the effectiveness of DfG workshop and postsurvey to study perception of women using DfG kits. It was found that the workshop participants demonstrated an understanding of the DfG program (90% average). Forty-four young women (89.8%) who used the DfG hygiene kits for 2 months agreed that there is a need for feminine hygiene programs in Haiti and that the kits were easy to use and clean (97.1% and 92.1%, respectively). The DfG program could provide a cost-effective feminine hygiene program for Haiti and decrease waste from traditional hygiene products.

scholarly journals Do they really wash their hands? Prevalence estimates for personal hygiene behaviour during the COVID-19 pandemic based on indirect questions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Mieth ◽  
Maike Mayer ◽  
Adrian Hoffmann ◽  
Axel Buchner ◽  
Raoul Bell
Keyword(s):  
Social Desirability ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
Prevalence Estimates ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Crosswise Model

Abstract Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, billions of people have to change their behaviours to slow down the spreading of the virus. Protective measures include self-isolation, social (physical) distancing and compliance with personal hygiene rules, particularly regular and thorough hand washing. Prevalence estimates for the compliance with the COVID-19 measures are often based on direct self-reports. However, during a health crisis there is strong public pressure to comply with health and safety regulations so that people’s responding in direct self-reports may be seriously compromised by social desirability.Methods: In an online survey, an indirect questioning technique was used to test whether the prevalence of hygiene practices may be lower than in conventional surveys when confidentiality of responding is guaranteed. The Extended Crosswise Model is an indirect questioning technique that guarantees the confidentiality of responding. To the degree that direct self-reports are biased by social desirability, prevalence estimates of hygiene practices such as thorough hand washing based on the Extended Crosswise Model should be lower than those based on direct self-reports.Results: We analysed data of 1,434 participants. In the direct questioning group 94.5 % of the participants claimed to practice proper hand hygiene; in the indirect questioning group a significantly lower estimate of only 78.1 % was observed.Conclusions: These results indicate that estimates of the degree of commitment to measures designed to counter the spread of the disease may be significantly inflated by social desirability in direct self-reports. Indirect questioning techniques with higher levels of confidentiality seem helpful in obtaining more realistic estimates of the degree to which people follow the recommended personal hygiene measures. More realistic estimates of compliance can help to inform and to adjust public information campaigns on COVID-19 hygiene recommendations.

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