scholarly journals Prevalence and risk factors associated with serovars of Leptospira in dogs from Culiacan, Sinaloa

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Víctor Hernández Ramírez ◽  
Soila Maribel Gaxiola Camacho ◽  
Ignacio Osuna Ramirez ◽  
Idalia Enríquez Verdugo ◽  
Nohemí Castro del Campo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Epidemiological Risk ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Sanitary Conditions ◽  
The City

Veterinaria México OA ISSN: 2448-6760Cite this as:Hernández Ramírez CV, Gaxiola Camacho SM, Osuna Ramirez I, Enríquez Verdugo I, Castro del Campo N, López Moreno HS. Prevalence and risk factors associated with serovars of Leptospira in dogs from Culiacan, Sinaloa. Veterinaria México OA 2017;4(2).doi: 10.21753/vmoa.2.2.369Domestic dogs transmit Leptospira spp. to humans, and determining the health risk that they represent is of paramount importance. To determine the seroprevalence and main risk factors associated with serovars of Leptospira in dogs from Culiacan, Sinaloa, we obtained serum samples from 165 dogs. The samples were stored at -40 °C and were analysed by the microbiology laboratory at Centro Nacional de Sanidad Animal using the leptospirosis microscopic agglutination test. Additionally, a survey was performed to identify epidemiological risk factors, and statistical inference was determined using chi-square test, odd ratios, and logistic regression with a statistical significance set at P < 0.05. The prevalence of Leptospira was 9 % (15/165), and we identified seven serovars: canicola 17 (46 %), icterohaemorrhagiae (40 %), bratislava (40 %), grippotyphosa (33 %), shermani (33 %), pyrogenes (20 %) and ballum (13 %). Based on our epidemiological survey, the risk factors associated with the detection of antibodies against Leptospira include the permanent habitation of pets in courtyards (OR = 4.6, P < 0.05) and presence of water stored in drums and basins (OR = 3.25, P < 0.05). The prevalence of leptospirosis in dogs indicates that the disease is present in the city of Culiacan and that leptospiral antibodies in dogs increase in poor sanitary conditions with stored water, which increases the potential risk of infection for both humans and animals.Figure 1. Frequency of observed serovars of Leptospira

scholarly journals Prevalence and factors associated with human brucellosis in livestock professionals

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Franco Cazembe Mufinda ◽  
Fernando Boinas ◽  
Carla Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Human Brucellosis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Professional Category ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Service Location

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to estimate the seroprevalence of human brucellosis in livestock professionals and analyze the factors associated with brucellosis focusing on sociodemographic variables and the variables of knowledge and practices related to the characteristics of the activities carried out in livestock. METHODS This is a cross-sectional seroepidemiological study with a population of 131 workers of butchers, slaughter rooms, and slaughterhouse and 192 breeders sampled randomly in Namibe province, Angola. The data were obtained from the collection of blood and use of questionnaires. The laboratory tests used were rose bengal and slow agglutination. The questionnaire allowed us to collect sociodemographic information and, specifically on brucellosis, it incorporated questions about knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of livestock professionals. In addition to the descriptive statistical approach, we used the Chi-square test of independence, Fisher’s test, and logistic regression models, using a significance level of 10%. RESULTS The general weighted prevalence of brucellosis was 15.6% (95%CI 13.61–17.50), being it 5.3% in workers and 16.7% (95%CI 11.39–21.93) in breeders. The statistical significance was observed between human seroprevalence and category (worker and breeder) (p < 0.001) and education level (p = 0.032), start of activity (p = 0079), and service location (p = 0.055). In a multivariate context, the positive factor associated with brucellosis in professionals was the professional category (OR = 3.54; 95%CI 1.57–8.30, related to breeders in relation to workers). CONCLUSIONS Human brucellosis in livestock professionals is prevalent in Namibe province (15.6%), where the professional category was the most important factor. The seroprevalence levels detected are high when compared with those found in similar studies.

scholarly journals Determining the risk factors for xerostomia in dental out-patients

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-177
Author(s):  
K V Komarova ◽  
N N Ratkina ◽  
V K Polenichkin ◽  
E P Karmanov
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Period Duration ◽  
Group 1

Aim. To determine the risk factors for xerostomia.Methods. The study included 137 patients aged 25 to 60 years (61 males, 76 females), the main group consisted of 40 patients with xerostomia (11 males, 29 females), with a median age of 44.5 years (38; 49.5). The control group included 97 patients without xerostomia (50 males, 47 females), median age - 42 years (36; 49). The questionnaire by V.V. Afanas’ev (1993) was used to collect the complaints, anamnesis and to determine the risk factors for xerostomia. Qualitative indicators are listed as absolute numbers and shares (%). In assessing the statistical significance of qualitative indicators differences, contingency tables with subsequent Pearson chi-square test were used.Results. Among the patients of the main group, 19 (47.5%) took medications decreasing the salivation, with intake period duration ranging from 1 to 4 months. When questioned, patients with xerostomia reported statistically significant increase in the rates of cardiovascular disorders (15 patients, 37.5%), gastrointestinal tract diseases (11 patients, 27.5%), endocrine diseases (10 patients, 25%), musculoskeletal diseases (9 patients, 22.5%). The combination of three or more positive answers on V.V. Afanas’ev questionnaire questions was revealed in 12 (30%) patients of the main group, which was significantly higher compared to the control group (1 patient, 1.03%).Conclusion. The most typical reasons for developing xerostomia were the following: taking medications decreasing the salivation, presence of cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal and endocrine disorders. Three or more positive answers on V.V. Afanas’ev questionnaire questions increase the probability of detecting xerostomia in a respondent.

scholarly journals Surgical Site Infections (SSI) and factors associated in a private tertiary care teaching hospital in Raichur, Karnataka, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 2899
Author(s):  
Prashanta Swami Pujar ◽  
K. B. Phuleker ◽  
Nagaraj Bhalki
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Surgical Site Infections ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Duration Of Surgery ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Prevention of Surgical site infection (SSI) remains a focus of attention because wound infections continue to be a major source of expense, morbidity, and even mortality. Three quarters of deaths of surgical patients with SSIs are attributed to nosocomial infections, nearly all of which are organ/space infections. The objective of the present study was to estimate the incidence of SSI and to study the various risk factors associated with SSI.Methods: This is a prospective study of 180 eligible cases eligible subjects, who underwent various surgeries in the department of General Surgery after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study conducted at the Navodaya Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Raichur. The tenure for the study was April 2017 to June 2017. Data was collected using pretested proforma. Data was analysed using SPSS version 16. Chi -square test and multiple logistic regression was applied to know the association between various risk factors and occurrence of SSI.Results: Among 180 patients 33 (18.33%) developed surgical site infections (SSI). Among 33 SSIs 25 (75.76%) were grade 3 and 8 (24.24%) were grade 4 infections. SSIs were found more commonly among patients over 50 years, diabetics, HIV infected patients, patients with longer duration of surgery and associations with these factors were found statistically significant.Conclusions: The incidence rate of SSI was quite high, and its end results will have a greater impact on patients as well as on healthcare systems. Prevention of SSI requires multipronged approach targeting both patient related and procedure related risk factors in pre- operative, intra-operative, and post-operative period.

Dados Clínicos dos Pacientes Cadastrados no Programa HiperDia, Itajubá, Minas Gerais, Brasil/Clinical Data of Patients Registered HiperDia Program, Itajubá, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
Jéssica Ribeiro Alves ◽  
Fábio Luis Figueiredo Fernandes ◽  
Fábio Vieira Lacerda ◽  
Paulo José Oliveira Cortez
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clinical Data ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Key Words Diabetes ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Diabetes Type Ii ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Epidemiological Profile ◽  
Microsoft Office ◽  
The City

Objetivo: O objetivo do trabalho foi identificar os dados clínicos dos pacientes cadastrados no HiperDia, verificar a prevalência de doenças associadas e a ocorrência de fatores de riscos, de modo a traçar o perfil epidemiológico dos usuários do HiperDia na cidade de Itajubá, Minas Gerais. Materiais e Métodos: Utilizou-se como instrumento de pesquisa as fichas de cadastro do programa HiperDia de pessoas residentes no município de Itajubá. Utilizou-se a estatística descritiva para melhor compreensão dos resultados. Os dados coletados foram digitados no programa Microsoft Office Excel 2007 e foram utilizadas funções estatísticas para obter a porcentagem, com o erro populacional, de cada variável. Também foram realizados o teste qui-quadrado (não paramétrico) em relação aos fatores de riscos concomitantes e teste binominal. Resultados: Os fatores de riscos mais relevantes foram antecedentes familiares (64,2%) e sedentarismo (54,2%) e dentre as patologias, a de maior relevância é a hipertensão arterial (85,6%), seguida do diabetes tipo II (30,4%). Observou-se que um número, ainda que pequeno, de pessoas que buscam os serviços do Sistema Único de Saúde já possuem complicações e fatores de risco para hipertensão e diabetes. Conclusão: É necessário adotar medidas de aperfeiçoamento dos programas de prevenção; diagnosticar de forma precoce o agravo; diminuir os fatores de risco, conscientizando a população sobre tais doenças e hábitos saudáveis de vida.  Palavras chave: Diabetes, Hipertensão, Saúde Pública.  ABSTRACTObjective: The aim of this study was to identify the clinical data of patients enrolled in the HiperDia, to determine the prevalence of associated diseases and the occurrence of risk factors in order to trace the epidemiological profile of users in the city of HiperDia Itajubá, State of Minas Gerais. Materials and Methods: It was used as a research tool the program registration forms HiperDia of people living in Itajubá city. It was used descriptive statistics to better understand the results. The collected data were entered into the Microsoft Office Excel 2007, using statistical functions to obtain the percentage, with the error population of each variable. Were also conducted "chi-square" test (nonparametric) compared to concomitant risk factors and binomial test. Results: The most relevant risk factors were family history (64,2%) and sedentary lifestyle (54,2%) and among the diseases, the most relevant is hypertension arterial (85,6%), followed by diabetes type II (30,4%). Regarding the presence of complications, Acute Myocardial Infarction followed by Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) were the most outstading. It was observed that a number, even small, of people seeking the services of the Health System already have complications and have risk factors for hypertension and diabetes. Conclusion: It is still necessary to take measures for improvement of prevention programs; diagnose thepathology so early; reduce risk factors, sensitizing the population on such diseases and healthy lifestyles.  Key words: Diabetes, Hypertension, Public Health

scholarly journals SOROPREVALENCE AND RISK FACTRORS FOR CANINE VISCERAL LEISHMANIOSIS IN ITAPORANGA-PB

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (31) ◽  
pp. 353-364
Author(s):  
T. W. B. ALVES ◽  
F. P. de ANDRADE JÚNIOR ◽  
V. S. de A. BARBOSA
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Canine Leishmaniasis ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Prophylactic Measures ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Visceral Leishmaniosis ◽  
The City

The present study aimed to analyze the epidemiology of Visceral Canine Leishmaniasis (VCL) in the municipality of Itaporanga-PB between the years 2015 and 2016. 180 records of notification and investigation of suspected dogs deposited at the Municipal Health Department were retrieved, where the variables were analyzed using the absolute number and relative frequency, applying the chi-square test. The seroprevalence corresponded to 13,3% when associated to two diagnostic methodologies: rapid immunochromatographic test (TR DPP®) and ELISA (EI LCV). Of the 24 seropositive dogs, male (70,8%), undecided (79,2%), urban area (70,8%) and age greater than two years (70,8%) prevailed. The analysis of the clinical signs revealed statistical significance and presence of risk between alopecia (p= 0,001; OR= 7,474; PR= 4,237) and multiple wounds (p= 0,000; OR= 7,667; PR= 4,529) with seropositivity. Seroprevalence in Itaporanga-PB was compared to other municipalities in Paraíba, Northeast and Brazil, and the other variables and risk factors were discussed with the literature. Due to the epidemiological situation of the city, the continuation of canine serological surveys in subsequent years and the application of other prophylactic measures for parasitosis.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and risk factors associated to Neospora caninum in dairy cattle herds in the municipality of Pasto, Colombia

2013 ◽  
pp. 3311-3316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darío Cedeño Q ◽  
Bibiana Benavides B
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Neospora Caninum ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Cattle Herds

ABSTRACTObjective. To determine seroprevalence and risk factors associated to Neospora caninum in non-vaccinated dairy cattle against infectious agents of reproductive syndrome in the municipality of Pasto, Colombia. Materials and methods. Farms over 2527 meters over sea level were selected, a total of 238 serum samples of Holstein cows were collected and analyzed using the indirect ELISA test to determine N. caninum seropositivity. An epidemiological survey was realized in each herd which included variables related to health and management measures of cattle. A multivariate analysis of binary logistic regression was used with a confidence interval of 95% (p<0.05) using SPSS19® program. Results. The estimated prevalence of N. caninum was 76.9%. The risk factors associated to neosporosis infection in the analyzed farms are as follows: residues of abortions generally left outdoors and not buried (OR 3.81, 95% CI 1.5 - 9.6); dogs fed with leftovers (OR 15.44 IC 95% 1.94-123.22) and bulls allowed to mate with cows (OR 19.68, 95% CI 2.34 - 165.52). Conclusions. The high prevalence of N. caninum and the low abortion rate in dairy herds of the municipality of Pasto corroborated no existence of the disease in all animals serologically positive, but it did suggest that at some point in their lives they were exposed to N. caninum. From the identified risk factors in this study, recommendations can be provided for an effective control of reproductive diseases like Neosporosis present in this region.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with intramammary colonization with Mollicutes in dairy cattle from Southeast Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Carolina Nunes de Morais ◽  
Danielle Regis Pires ◽  
Nathalie Costa da Cunha ◽  
Leandro dos Santos Machado ◽  
Michel Abdalla Helayel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Intramammary Infection ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Southeast Brazil ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Polymerase Chain

ABSTRACT: Bacteria of Mollicutes Class are associated with intramammary infection and decrease in milk production. This study investigated the occurrence of Mollicutes and elucidated their risk factors in dairy herds from Southeast Brazil. For this, milk samples from 387 lactation cows from Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo States were subjected to the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect Mollicutes. Species of Mycoplasma were investigated in Mollicutes positive samples by PCR, including Mycoplasma bovis, M. alkalescens, M. bovigenitalium, M. bovirhinis, M. arginini and A. laidlawii. An epidemiological questionnaire was applied to collect data on possible risk factors, which were assessed using Pearson’s Chi-square test followed by odds ratio (P≤0.05). Mollicutes were reported in 21% (4/19) of the herds and 4% (16/387) of the animals, while 1% (5/387) were positive for M. bovis and 3% (11/387) for M. arginini. All samples were negative to the other agents. Herds with more than 150 animals [OR=3.51 (95% CI 1.11-11.08)], manual milking [OR=9.97 (95% CI 2.80-35.49)] and not-milking animals with mastitis last [OR=6.54 (95% CI 1.92-22.29)] were risk factors. The presence of these conditions may favor intramammary infection by Mollicutes in dairy herds from Southeast Brazil. This is the first report of M. bovis in Rio de Janeiro and M. arginini in the studied states.

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR KEAKTIFAN KADER DALAM KEGIATAN POSYANDU DI WILAYAH KERJA PUSKESMAS BETUNGAN KOTA BENGKULU

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ida Royani
Keyword(s):  
Health Center ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The City

IHC is a community service post, which is one of the community-based health effort managed and organized from, by, for and with the community, the decline becomes inactive cadres in IHC activities may lead to the ineffectiveness of service. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors associated with the activeness of cadres in the IHC of Betungan Health Center in the city of Bengkulu in 2017. The design study used was an observational analytic cross sectional approach, this study was conducted in Betungan health center in Bengkulu on March 11 to June 11, 2017. The study population were all cadres in Betungan health center Bengkulu, with the samples of 49 people taken by using a total sampling technique. The collection of data was done directly using the check list sheet, and analyzed using the chi-square test for the education and exacted fisher test used in the variable age and occupation. The results showed nearly all (87.8) aged 25-54, the majority (73.5) were less educated, almost all (87.8) did not work and almost all (87.8) were active cadres. The results of chi-square value of age (p = 0.01), education (p = 0.00) and work (p = 1.000). with the rate of 95%, if p <0.05 means that there was a relationship between age and education, and if this study p> 0.05 means that there was no relationship between the work with the cadres activeness in Betungan health center in Bengkulu.This study is expected to provide information about the factors associated with the activeness of the cadres in IHC activities to institutions of the clinic, cadres and researchers.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with taeniasis-cysticercosis in Lagamar, Minas Gerais State, Brazil

1998 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario León Silva-Vergara ◽  
Aluízio Prata ◽  
Horácio Velloso Silveira Netto ◽  
Cláudio de Oliveira Vieira ◽  
João Henrique Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Epidemiological Survey ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Minas Gerais State ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sanitary Conditions ◽  
Epidemiological Link

An epidemiological survey was carried out in 3,344 people of an urban town in Lagamar, Minas Gerais, Brazil - during 1992-1993, to evaluate the main risk factors related to taeniasis and cysticercosis. A total number of 875 (78.9%) houses were visited and 1080 (32.3%) subjects were clinically examined. Poor sanitary conditions were positively associated with former history of taeniasis or seizures in households (p < 0.05). It was remarkable the positive relationship between taeniasis and seizures when households were questioned and subjects were clinically evaluated (p < 0.05). The relative risk of seizures was 2.3 between households and 1.7 for individuals clinically examined respectively. The breeding of swine nearby and the chronic carriers of taeniasis are determinant factors in the maintenance of the epidemiological link between taeniasis and cysticercosis in endemic areas.

scholarly journals Clinical Characteristics And Analysis Of Risk Factors For Disease Progression Of COVID-19 Among Patients Within Wad Medani Isolation Centers, Gezira State: A Prospective Cohort Study From Sudan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Yousif Elnaeem Yousif ◽  
Moh.Mah.Fadel Allah Eljack ◽  
Osman Amir ◽  
Mohammed Alfatih ◽  
Akram Khalid Al Tigany Al Shiekh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Severe Infection ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract Background : (COVID-19) had a great impact on the world’s health systems since December 2019. A little is known about the clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with COVID-19 severity in Sudanese Patients; therefor it is necessary to summarize the clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 and to explore the risk factors associated with COVID-19 severity. Methods : A one-year retrospective cohort study (May 2020- May2021) was done at three isolation centers in Wad Medani. Sample contained all COVID-19 patients who are over 18 years old and were confirmed to be COVID-19 by nucleic acid testing or features Suggestive of Covid19 on Chest CT scan. Results : This study included 418 patients confirmed COVID-19 cases with a median age of 66.3±13years. 179 (64.2%) patients were men. Hypertension (n=195; 46.7%) and diabetes (n=187; 44.7%) were the most common comorbidities. The most common symptoms at COVID-19 onset were fever (n=303; 72.5%), cough (n=278; 66.5%) and dyspnea (n= 256; 61.2%). the overall mortality rate was 35.4% (n=148). The morality rate was 42.3% (n=118) among patients with severe disease. The Chi-square test and ANOVA analysis revealed that older age, anemia, neutrophilia and lymphcytopenia, higher glucose levels, HbA1c levels and creatinine levels were variables associated with severe COVID-19. In inflammatory markers, the levels of CRP and d-dimer were elevated in severe infection more than moderate and mild infections. Conclusion : Patients with these factors are more likely to deteriorate into severe infection and have higher mortality rate than those without these factors.

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