scholarly journals Leptin Levels, Basal Metabolic Rates, and Insulin Resistance in Obese Pubertal Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
pp. 017-023
Author(s):  
Elisabete Vieira Conterato ◽  
Tania Diniz Machado ◽  
Carlos Alberto Nogueira-de-Almeida ◽  
Elza Daniel Mello
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Obese Children

Abstract Introduction Obesity in children and adolescents is considered a serious public health problem. The consequences of overweight can last for life. It is extremely important to have formulas to calculate the basal metabolic rate (BMR) that are truly reliable in relation to the individual caloric expenditure. Objectives To investigate the association of serum levels of leptin, lipid profile, and insulin resistance (insuline resistance by Homeostatic Model Assessment [HOMA] index) with the body mass index (BMI) z-score of pubertal obese children. In addition, to compare the basal metabolic rate (BMR) evaluation carried out using bioimpedance (BIA) with the Food and Agricultural Organization/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO) equation. Methods Cross-sectional study including 37 pubertal obese children (aged 7 to 12 years old) seen for the first time in the outpatient care unit specialized in child obesity between June 2013 and April 2014. The participants were assessed regarding anthropometric data, body composition (fat mass) by BIA 310 bioimpedance analyzer (Biodynamic Body Composition Analyser, model 310 - Biodynamics Corporation, Seattle, EUA), and blood pressure. Blood samples were collected to measure glucose, insulin, lipid profile, triglycerides, and leptin. The stage of sexual maturity was determined by self-assessment according to the Tanner scale. Results Higher leptin levels were found in the severe obesity group (p = 0.007) and, as expected, higher BMI (p < 0.001), and fat mass (p = 0.029). The groups did not differ in relation to insulin, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and blood pressure. The BMR measured by bioimpedance was lower as compared to the measure by the FAO/WHO equation (p < 0.001). Conclusions These results suggest that severely obese children may present leptin resistance in this early stage of life, (since this hormone is higher in these children). It is suggested that health professionals prioritize the calculation of BMR by bioimpedance, since the FAO/WHO equation seems to overestimate the caloric values.

scholarly journals Association between rs1421085 and rs9939609 Polymorphisms of Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated Gene with High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Triglyceride in Obese Turkish Children and Adolescents

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nihal Inandiklioğlu ◽  
Adem Yaşar
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Fto Gene ◽  
Turkish Children

AbstractSeveral studies have shown that rs9939609 and rs1421085 in fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene rs17782313 and rs12970134 in melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) gene influence obesity. In the present study, we aimed to determine association between rs9939609, rs1421085, rs17782313, and rs12970134 polymorphism, and their relation with body mass index (BMI), glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and lipid values in obese children. We included 100 newly diagnosed obese children and 100 healthy children. The rs1421085 (CC/CT) (p = 0.019) and rs9939609 (AA/AT) (p = 0.002) polymorphism regions were higher in the obese group. Additionally, we found that both the rs1421085 (CC/CT) and rs9939609 (AA/AT) polymorphism associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.011 and p = 0.003) and triglycerides (p = 0.01 and p = 0.004) level, respectively. Further, the rs9939609 and rs1421085 variants of FTO gene associated with HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides levels in obese children; however, updated studies with a large sample size are required to establish strong links with genetic variants and risk factors in childhood obesity.

scholarly journals VARIANTS OF HYPERLIPIDEMIA IN CHILDREN WITH INSULIN RESISTANCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-25
Author(s):  
T. Chaychenko ◽  
M. Kharkova ◽  
O. Rybka
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
National Cholesterol Education Program ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Age Assessment ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Adults And Children

Obesity in adults and children is characterized by epidemiological prevalence with a tendency to increase. Purpose of the study- to analyze the lipid profile in overweight children, depending on the presence of insulin resistance. 247 overweight and obese children aged 2 to 18 were examined, including 160 boys and 87 girls. Obesity was diagnosed if the BMI exceeded 97 percentile, according to gender and age. Assessment of the lipid profile included measurements of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein. To evaluate the parameters of the lipid profile, we used the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) according to the latest edition (2006). We analyzed lipid values depending on the presence or absence of insulin resistance. BMI was also evaluated according to Z-BMI. Insulin resistance was detected in 69.9% of children. Hyperlipidemia was detected in 24.9% of children and dyslipidemia in 83% of the children examined. A change was found in all indicators of the lipid profile, depending on the presence of insulin resistance. A significant increase in Z-BMI was revealed depending on the presence of insulin resistance. Conclusions: Most overweight children have insulin resistance and dyslipidemia; the type of dyslipidemia in children with obesity directly depends on the presence of insulin resistance.

Effects of Carvedilol Compared to Nebivolol on Insulin Resistance and Lipid Profile in Patients With Essential Hypertension

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Gokhan Ozyıldız ◽  
Serpil Eroglu ◽  
Ugur Bal ◽  
Ilyas Atar ◽  
Kaan Okyay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Apolipoprotein B ◽  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Apolipoprotein Ai ◽  
New Generation

Background and aim: Beta-blockers have unfavorable effects on metabolic parameters in hypertensive treatment. New generation beta-blockers with vasodilatory capabilities are superior to traditional beta-blockers, but studies examining their effects on metabolic parameters are still lacking. This study aimed to compare the effects of 2 new generation beta-blockers, carvedilol and nebivolol, on insulin resistance (IR) and lipid profiles in patients with essential hypertension. Methods: This was a prospective, randomized, open-label, single-center clinical trial. A total of 80 patients were randomized into 2 groups: the carvedilol group (n = 40, 25 mg of carvedilol daily) and the nebivolol group (n = 40, 5 mg of nebivolol daily). Follow-up was performed for 4 months. Fasting plasma glucose, insulin levels, and the lipid profile (high-density lipoprotein [HDL], low-density lipoprotein [LDL], total cholesterol, triglyceride, apolipoprotein AI, and apolipoprotein B levels) were measured and IR was calculated by the homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index. These variables were compared before and 4 months after treatment. Results: Blood pressure and heart rate were significantly and similarly reduced in the carvedilol and nebivolol groups after treatment compared to those before treatment (both P < .001). Serum glucose ( P < .001), insulin ( P < .01), HOMA-IR (P < .01), HDL ( P < .001), LDL ( P < .001), total cholesterol ( P < .001), and apolipoprotein B ( P < .05) levels decreased in a similar manner in the carvedilol and nebivolol groups after treatment compared to those before treatment. Serum triglyceride and apolipoprotein AI levels did not change after treatment with both drugs. Conclusion: New generation beta-blockers, carvedilol and nebivolol, efficiently and similarly decrease blood pressure. They have similar favorable effects on glucose, insulin, IR, and the lipid profile.

scholarly journals Glycaemic Control, Lipid Profile, Blood Pressure and Body Weight Status Among Diabetics in Rural Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hazizi AS ◽  
Zaitun Y ◽  
Kandiah M ◽  
Chan SP
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Body Weight Status

Introduction: Diabetes is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular disease. The management of blood glucose, dyslipidaemia and other modifiable risk factor, is a key element in the multifactorial approach to prevent complications of type 2 diabetes. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted to determine the level of glycaemic control, lipid profile, blood pressure and body weight status among type 2 diabetics in rural Malaysia. A total of 237 diabetic subjects participated in this study. Physical examination was carried out, including measurements of height, weight, waist and hip circumferences, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Fasting venous blood samples were collected to determine the glucose level and lipid profile. Results: About 70% of the subjects had a high body mass index (BMI), equal to or above 25 kg/ m2. More than 60% of the subjects had systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic ≥ 90 mmHg. Mean fasting blood glucose was 9.84±4.54 mmol/L. Mean total cholesterol was 5.18±1.35 mmol/L. High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC) and triglyceride (TG) and glucose levels were higher in male than in female, but not statistically significant (p>0.05). However, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) was higher in females than males (p<0.05). Mean HDLC was below 1.0 mmol/L in all subjects. Conclusion: Glycaemic control, lipid profile, blood pressure and body weight status were not satisfactory and may increase the risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications among these subjects. Appropriate intervention programs should be implemented for better diabetes control among rural subjects.

Investigation of ischemia modified albumin and coenzyme Q10 levels in obese children with metabolic syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabahattin Muhtaroğlu ◽  
Selda Özkan Koçak ◽  
İhsan Çetin ◽  
Didem Barlak Keti ◽  
Mustafa Kendirci
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Ischemia Modified Albumin

AbstractIntroduction:The aim of this study was to analyze serum ischemia modified albumin (IMA) and plasma CoQ10 levels and to evaluate their correlation with insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment, HOMA) and lipid profile in obese children with and without metabolic syndrome (MS).Methods:Thirty-one obese with MS, 30 obese without MS and 34 healthy children aged 6–18 years were included in the study. Serum IMA was measured by colorimetric method, plasma CoQ10 levels were measured by HPLC. Serum glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and insulin were analyzed.Results:IMA levels were found to be significantly higher (p<0.001) while the CoQ10 levels were significantly lower (p<0.001) in obese children with and without MS compared to controls. IMA and CoQ10 significantly correlated with each other and metabolic parameters. Furthermore, IMA and CoQ10 levels did not significantly differ between obese children with and without MS, while glucose, insulin levels and HOMA were significantly higher (p<0.001) in obese children with MS than obese without MS and controls.Conclusions:Based on the high levels of IMA, low CoQ10 and association with HOMA and lipid profile; we suggest that obese children may have oxidative damage, lipid peroxidation and cardiometabolic risk.

scholarly journals Atherogenic Index of Plasma in Postmenopausal Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-177
Author(s):  
Gita Khakurel ◽  
Rajat Kayastha ◽  
Sanat Chalise ◽  
Prabin K Karki
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Atherogenic Index ◽  
Atherogenic Index Of Plasma

Background: Hyperlipidemia is one of the important risk factor for development of cardiovascular disease in post menopausal women.Our study compared the serum lipid profile and atherogenic index of plasma between premenopausal and post menopausal women.Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted in Kathmandu Medical College. A total number of 194 women in the age group 30 to 60 years were studied. They include 108 postmenopausal women and 86 premenopausal controls. Total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides were determined. Results: The mean value of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride were significantly increased in postmenopausal women when compared to premenopausal women. There was increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in postmenopausal women but the difference was not significant. The atherogenic index of plasma was increased in postmenopausal women (0.22 ± 0.25 mmol/l). This shows that postmenopausal women in our setting are at medium risk of developing cardiovascular disease. Atherogenic index of plasma was positively and significantly correlated with age (r= 0.29, p<0.05), body mass index (r=0.24, p<0.05), systolic blood pressure (r=0.20, p<0.05) and diastolic blood pressure (r=0.45, p<0.05).Conclusions: Postmenopausal women were at greater risk for developing cardiovascular disease when compared to premenopausal women due to increase in atherogenic lipid profile. There was a significant correlation of atherogenic index of plasma with age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure.Keywords: Keywords: Atherogenic index of plasma; lipid profile; menopause.

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF LIPID PROFILE AND LEPTIN RESISTANCE IN CHILDREN WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME DEPENDING ON HYPERTENSION IN KYIV

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 2630-2633
Author(s):  
Maiia H. Aliusef ◽  
Alina V. Churylina ◽  
Ganna V. Gnyloskurenko ◽  
Inga O. Mitiuriaeva ◽  
Vitaliy G. Maidannyk
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Leptin Resistance ◽  
Normal Blood Pressure

The aim: To compare lipid metabolism and leptin levels among the children with and without hypertension to identify associated risk factors for the course of metabolic syndrome in children. Materials and methods: This observational, cross-sectional study recruited children from the Rheumocardiology Department of Children’s Clinical Hospital No 6 in Kyiv, with metabolic syndrome, identification of waist-to-height ratio, leptin level, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and lipid profile. The main group included 41 children with metabolic syndrome and hypertension and the control group included 40 children with metabolic syndrome without hypertension. Statistical data analysis was performed using the MedStat 2.6.2. package. Results: A total of 81 children aged 10 to 17 with metabolic syndrome were examined. The group of children with hypertension had significantly lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (0.85±0.04) than children without hypertension (0.94±0.03), with p < 0.05. Leptin resistance was detected in 65.2% of children with hypertension and 35.3% of children with normal blood pressure (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Children with metabolic syndrome and hypertension had a significantly higher body mass index and waist circumference as opposed to children with normal blood pressure. In the lipid profile high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly lower in hypertensive children. There was no reliable difference in other lipid profile indicators between the two groups, but there was an upward trend of them in group with hypertension. Leptin resistance is also significantly higher in hypertensive children.

scholarly journals Birth weight and metabolic risk in women of different nutrition levels

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 483-488 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Milosevic ◽  
Biljana Srdic ◽  
Edita Stokic ◽  
Marina Rastovic ◽  
Tatjana Pavlica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Metabolic Disturbances ◽  
Lower Birth Weight

Introduction: Nowadays, obesity is one of the most important health problems in both developed and developing countries. Recent studies have shown a significant association of obesity and its complications with birth weight. The aim of our study was to analyze the effect of birth weight on the occurrence of metabolic disorders in normal weight and obese women. Material and Methods: The study group included 134 females of average age 41.71?11.56 years. In these women the relationship between birth weight and anthropometric and biochemical parameters, as well as with blood pressure values was analyzed. Results: Our results show that women with higher birth weight had higher values of the anthropometric indicators of fat mass and distribution (such as body mass index, total fat mass, waist circumference and hip circumference), as well as higher values of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol. In contrast, the values of systolic and diastolic blood pressure and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol were lower in women with higher birth weight. The analysis of metabolic profile in women of different nutritional status indicates that normal weight women with metabolic syndrome had a lower birth weight when compared with normal weight women without metabolic risk (3.15 vs. 3.40 kg, p>0.05). Conclusion: Higher birth weight is related with higher fat mass, while lower birth weight is related with metabolic disturbances. Birth weight seemed to be determinant of metabolic risk in normal weight women.

Circulating Omentin-1, Insulin Resistance and Lipid Profile Responses Following 8-weeks Aerobic Training Intervention Among Smokers Vs. Non-smokers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Maysam Mousavi ◽  
Ali Heidarianpour ◽  
Hassan Tavassoli
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group

Abstract Background: Omentin-1 is a recently circulating adipokine that plays a crucial role in modulating insulin resistance and diabetes. We investigated the effect of eight weeks aerobic exercise training on serum omentin-1, insulin resistance and lipid profile in the smoker and non-smokers with normal-weight. Methods: Nineteen healthy men and twenty smoker men were randomly assigned into healthy control group (C), healthy exercise group (E), control smoker group (CS) and exercise smoker group (ES). Exercise groups participated in an 8-weeks aerobic exercise training program (three times a week, 45 min per session at 65%-80% of maximum heart rate). Serum omentin-1 and insulin values were determined by ELISA and HOMA-IR, glucose and lipid profile were measured at pre and post of the intervention. Paired Sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance (One-way ANOVA) and post-hoc Tukey test were applied to analyze the data (p<0.05).Results: Aerobic exercise improved both serum omentin-1 and high lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the exercise groups (p<0.05). Also, Exercise training reduced insulin, blood sugar, HOMA-IR, total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels (p<0.05). Omentin-1 were significantly associated with insulin (r=-0.40, P=0.01), HOMA-IR (r=-0.38, P=0.04), TG (r=-0.40, P=0.01), TC (r=-0.49, P=0.02), LDL-C (r=-0.70, P=0.02) and HDL-C (r=0.55, P=0.03).Conclusion: The findings suggest that aerobic exercise-induced changes in omentin-1 in exercise trained smokers may be associated with the beneficial effects of exercise on reduced insulin and lipid profile.

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