scholarly journals VARIANTS OF HYPERLIPIDEMIA IN CHILDREN WITH INSULIN RESISTANCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-25
Author(s):  
T. Chaychenko ◽  
M. Kharkova ◽  
O. Rybka
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
National Cholesterol Education Program ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Age Assessment ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Adults And Children

Obesity in adults and children is characterized by epidemiological prevalence with a tendency to increase. Purpose of the study- to analyze the lipid profile in overweight children, depending on the presence of insulin resistance. 247 overweight and obese children aged 2 to 18 were examined, including 160 boys and 87 girls. Obesity was diagnosed if the BMI exceeded 97 percentile, according to gender and age. Assessment of the lipid profile included measurements of total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, and high-density lipoprotein. To evaluate the parameters of the lipid profile, we used the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) according to the latest edition (2006). We analyzed lipid values depending on the presence or absence of insulin resistance. BMI was also evaluated according to Z-BMI. Insulin resistance was detected in 69.9% of children. Hyperlipidemia was detected in 24.9% of children and dyslipidemia in 83% of the children examined. A change was found in all indicators of the lipid profile, depending on the presence of insulin resistance. A significant increase in Z-BMI was revealed depending on the presence of insulin resistance. Conclusions: Most overweight children have insulin resistance and dyslipidemia; the type of dyslipidemia in children with obesity directly depends on the presence of insulin resistance.

The relationship between adenovirus-36 seropositivity, obesity and metabolic profile in Turkish children and adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (16) ◽  
pp. 3550-3556 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. KARAMESE ◽  
U. ALTOPARLAK ◽  
A. TURGUT ◽  
S. AYDOGDU ◽  
S. AKSAK KARAMESE
Keyword(s):  
Tumour Necrosis ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Tumour Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Factor Alpha ◽  
Adenovirus 36 ◽  
Necrosis Factor

SUMMARYObesity potentially arising from viral infection is known as ‘infectobesity’. The latest reports suggest that adenovirus-36 (Adv36) is related to obesity in adults and children. Our aim was not only to determine the Adv36 seropositivity in both obese and non-obese children and adults, but also to investigate correlations between antibody positivity and serum lipid profiles. Both Adv36 positivity and tumour-necrosis-factor-alpha, leptin and interleukin-6 levels were detected in blood samples collected from 146 children and 130 adults by ELISA. Fasting plasma triglycerides, total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels were also measured. Adv36 positivity was determined to be 27·1% and 6% in obese and non-obese children and 17·5% and 4% in obese and non-obese adults, respectively. There was no difference with regard to total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, tumour-necrosis-factor-alpha and interleukin-6 levels (P> 0·05). However, there was a significant difference between groups in terms of leptin levels (P< 0·05). We determined the prevalence of Adv36 positivity in obese children and adults. Our results showed that Adv36 may be an obesity agent for both adults and children, parallel with current literature data. However, the available data on a possible relationship between Adv36 infection and obesity both in children and adults do not completely solve the problem.

scholarly journals Screening for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) among Obese and Overweight Children: Prevalence and predictors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srinivasan Thiagarajan ◽  
Sadhanandham Shrinuvasan ◽  
Thirunavukkarasu Arun Babu
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Alanine Transaminase ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract Background: Non- alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly recognised in obese and overweight children. NAFLD is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in these children. Objectives: To assess the prevalence of NAFLD and to identify the anthropometric, metabolic risk factors for NAFLD. Materials and methods: This cross sectional study was done with 154 overweight and obese children. The study population was divided into 2 groups based on the presence or absence of NAFLD by screening with ultrasonography and/or alanine transaminase levels. Anthropometric (Body mass index, waist circumference) and biochemical parameters (Total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein, Insulin, Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), alanine transaminase, aspartate transaminase) were compared between these two groups. Results: NAFLD was diagnosed based on abnormal screening in 79 (51.3 %) overweight and obese children.. No age or gender difference was noted between 2 groups. NAFLD patients did not differ significantly from patients without NAFLD in age, Body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and waist circumference. LDL Cholesterol levels were found significantly higher in the NAFLD group. There was no significant difference found in lipid profile apart from LDL cholesterol, aspartate transaminase and HOMA-IR between 2 groups. Conclusion: NAFLD is common in overweight and obese South Indian children. High LDL cholesterol level is a risk factor for NAFLD in these children. Screening of this high risk group for early diagnosis of NAFLD is essential to prevent and monitor further progression of the disease.

Investigation of ischemia modified albumin and coenzyme Q10 levels in obese children with metabolic syndrome

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabahattin Muhtaroğlu ◽  
Selda Özkan Koçak ◽  
İhsan Çetin ◽  
Didem Barlak Keti ◽  
Mustafa Kendirci
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Ischemia Modified Albumin

AbstractIntroduction:The aim of this study was to analyze serum ischemia modified albumin (IMA) and plasma CoQ10 levels and to evaluate their correlation with insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment, HOMA) and lipid profile in obese children with and without metabolic syndrome (MS).Methods:Thirty-one obese with MS, 30 obese without MS and 34 healthy children aged 6–18 years were included in the study. Serum IMA was measured by colorimetric method, plasma CoQ10 levels were measured by HPLC. Serum glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and insulin were analyzed.Results:IMA levels were found to be significantly higher (p<0.001) while the CoQ10 levels were significantly lower (p<0.001) in obese children with and without MS compared to controls. IMA and CoQ10 significantly correlated with each other and metabolic parameters. Furthermore, IMA and CoQ10 levels did not significantly differ between obese children with and without MS, while glucose, insulin levels and HOMA were significantly higher (p<0.001) in obese children with MS than obese without MS and controls.Conclusions:Based on the high levels of IMA, low CoQ10 and association with HOMA and lipid profile; we suggest that obese children may have oxidative damage, lipid peroxidation and cardiometabolic risk.

scholarly journals Leptin Levels, Basal Metabolic Rates, and Insulin Resistance in Obese Pubertal Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
pp. 017-023
Author(s):  
Elisabete Vieira Conterato ◽  
Tania Diniz Machado ◽  
Carlos Alberto Nogueira-de-Almeida ◽  
Elza Daniel Mello
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Obese Children

Abstract Introduction Obesity in children and adolescents is considered a serious public health problem. The consequences of overweight can last for life. It is extremely important to have formulas to calculate the basal metabolic rate (BMR) that are truly reliable in relation to the individual caloric expenditure. Objectives To investigate the association of serum levels of leptin, lipid profile, and insulin resistance (insuline resistance by Homeostatic Model Assessment [HOMA] index) with the body mass index (BMI) z-score of pubertal obese children. In addition, to compare the basal metabolic rate (BMR) evaluation carried out using bioimpedance (BIA) with the Food and Agricultural Organization/World Health Organization (FAO/WHO) equation. Methods Cross-sectional study including 37 pubertal obese children (aged 7 to 12 years old) seen for the first time in the outpatient care unit specialized in child obesity between June 2013 and April 2014. The participants were assessed regarding anthropometric data, body composition (fat mass) by BIA 310 bioimpedance analyzer (Biodynamic Body Composition Analyser, model 310 - Biodynamics Corporation, Seattle, EUA), and blood pressure. Blood samples were collected to measure glucose, insulin, lipid profile, triglycerides, and leptin. The stage of sexual maturity was determined by self-assessment according to the Tanner scale. Results Higher leptin levels were found in the severe obesity group (p = 0.007) and, as expected, higher BMI (p < 0.001), and fat mass (p = 0.029). The groups did not differ in relation to insulin, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and blood pressure. The BMR measured by bioimpedance was lower as compared to the measure by the FAO/WHO equation (p < 0.001). Conclusions These results suggest that severely obese children may present leptin resistance in this early stage of life, (since this hormone is higher in these children). It is suggested that health professionals prioritize the calculation of BMR by bioimpedance, since the FAO/WHO equation seems to overestimate the caloric values.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Deficiency and Insufficiency in Obese Children and Adolescents and Its Relationship with Insulin Resistance

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emel Torun ◽  
Erdem Gönüllü ◽  
İlker Tolga Özgen ◽  
Ergül Cindemir ◽  
Faruk Öktem
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Obese Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
Obese Subjects

Objectives. We aimed to determine the relationship between insulin resistance and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) levels in obese children and their nonobese peers.Materials and Methods. Included in the study group were 188 obese children (aged 9–15 years), and 68 age- and gender-matched healthy children of normal weight as control group. Anthropomorphic data were collected on patients and fasting serum glucose, insulin, serum lipids, alanine aminotransaminase (ALT) and 25-OHD were measured. The homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated in both groups.Results. The levels of 25-OHD in the obese group were significantly lower than those of the nonobese (). HOMA-IR, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, and ALT levels in the obese group were significantly higher than values of control group ( and , resp.). In the obese group, vitamin D deficiency, insufficiency, and sufficiency (25-OHD < 10 ng/dl, < 20, >10 ng/dl; > 20 ng/dl, resp.) were not correlated with HOMA-IR (, ). HOMA-IR was negatively correlated with BMI, BMI SDS, and BMI%, and triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, and ALT levels ().Conclusion. The insulin resistance of the obese subjects who were vitamin D deficient and insufficient did not statistically differ from those with vitamin D sufficiency. Low 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were not related with higher insulin resistance in obese children and adolescents. In obese subjects, insulin resistance was affected more from BMI, BMI SDS, and BMI% than from 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels.

Apolipoprotein B48: a novel marker of metabolic risk in overweight children?

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M.U. Nzekwu ◽  
G.D.C. Ball ◽  
M.M. Jetha ◽  
C. Beaulieu ◽  
S.D. Proctor
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Apolipoprotein B48 ◽  
Visceral Adipose ◽  
Resistance Score

Clinical studies in adults indicate there is a positive and significant association between insulin resistance, dyslipidaemia, fasting intestinally derived lipoproteins [via apoB48 (apolipoprotein B48)] and visceral fat. All of these factors contribute to increased risk of CVD (cardiovascular disease). Since little is known about postprandial dyslipidaemia in overweight children, we sought to compare fasting levels of apoB48 with the HOMA-IR (homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance) score, classic lipid profile and VAT (visceral adipose tissue). Pre-pubertal, overweight boys and girls were recruited from the wider-Edmonton area (Alberta). Body composition was determined using both dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging). Fasting apoB48 was quantified in plasma using an adapted SDS/PAGE immunoblotting technique, and insulin, glucose, TC (total cholesterol), TAG (triacylglycerol), LDL (low-density lipoprotein) and HDL (high-density lipoprotein) were determined by calorimetric assay. In this overweight sample, we observed elevated fasting apoB48 concentrations, greater than the normal adult range. In addition, apoB48 was significantly related to HOMA-IR and TAG levels. Although apoB48 was positively correlated with TC and LDL and negatively associated with HDL, these relationships did not achieve significance. Our ongoing MRI analysis reveals a positive relationship between apoB48 and VAT volume. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report apoB48 concentrations in overweight pre-pubertal children. Thus this article will provide a brief rationale for our study and its methodology.

scholarly journals Effect of Psyllium Supplementation on Insulin Resistance and Lipid Profile in Non-diabetic Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-191
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Pourbehi ◽  
Parvin Ayremlou ◽  
Alireza Mehdizadeh ◽  
Rasoul Zarrin
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Double Blind

Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of infertility in women. In addition, the risk of type2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance is higher among women with PCOS. Psyllium can reduce the levels of fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin resistance, and lipid profile. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of psyllium supplementation on insulin resistance and the lipid profile in non-diabetic women with PCOS. Materials and Methods: In this randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial, 54 eligible non-diabetic women with PCOS aged 18-45 were recruited from an endocrinology clinic and divided into 2 groups based on their body mass index (BMI) through stratified-block randomization. Participants in intervention and placebo groups received 5 g of psyllium or cellulose microcrystalline twice a day for 8 weeks. Fasting insulin, FBS, and insulin resistance indicators including HOMA1-IR, HOMA2-IR, along with quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) and the lipid profile were evaluated before and after the intervention. Results: In the psyllium group, the FBS, fasting insulin, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), HOMA1-IR, and HOMA2-IR indicators decreased significantly (P<0.05) after 8 weeks, but the changes were not significant in the placebo group. The mean changes in LDL-C (0.28±0.58 and 0.11±0.67 in intervention and placebo groups, respectively, P=0.036) and QUICKI (0.01±0.03 and 0.02±0.06 in intervention and placebo groups, respectively, P=0.044) were significant between the two groups from the baseline. Conclusions: Psyllium supplementation decreased FBS, fasting insulin, and the lipid profile while improving insulin resistance in non-diabetic women with PCOS.

scholarly journals Serum osteoprotegerin and cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obese children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Rumińska ◽  
Ewelina Witkowska-Sędek ◽  
Anna Stelmaszczyk-Emmel ◽  
Anna Majcher ◽  
Anna Kucharska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol

IntroductionOsteoprotegerin has been shown to play a role in vascular calcification, atherosclerosis and the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to evaluate whether excess fat mass affects serum osteoprotegerin concentrations and to evaluate its associations with chosen cardiometabolic risk factors in overweight and obese children.Material and methodsWe enrolled 105 children ranging from 7.0 to 17.8 years of age. Among them 70 individuals were overweight and obese, and 35 were healthy with normal physical parameters. In all patients, anthropometric measurements and laboratory tests were performed. Atherogenic and insulin resistance indices were calculated.ResultsWe did not find any differences in serum osteoprotegerin concentrations between overweight and obese children and their lean peers. In all studied patients, together with elevated quartiles of osteoprotegerin concentration, insulin resistance status decreased, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentration increased. In the group of overweight and obese children osteoprotegerin was associated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, total cholesterol, and non high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. In the multiple linear regression analysis osteoprotegerin correlated only with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (β = 0.140, p = 0.005).ConclusionsInsulin resistance and lipid profile seem to influence circulating osteoprotegerin levels, but most likely needs more time to change its concentration in overweight and obese patients. The association of osteoprotegerin with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol may suggest its link with atherogenesis.

scholarly journals Characterization of fibroblast growth factor 1 in obese children and adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 932-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anru Wang ◽  
Xueqin Yan ◽  
Cai Zhang ◽  
Caiqi Du ◽  
Wenjun Long ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Increased Risk

Background Fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) can regulate glucose and lipid metabolism in obese mice. Serum FGF1 has increased in type 2 diabetes mellitus adults and correlated with BMI. This study aimed to indicate conventional weight loss effects on FGF1 in obese children and adolescents. Materials and methods Clinical and metabolic parameters of 88 lean and obese individuals (ages 5–15 years) and 39 obese individuals followed with 6 months of lifestyle intervention were collected. Serum FGF1 levels were detected through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results FGF1 levels were increased in obese individuals. Serum FGF1 levels were significantly correlated with BMI and waist circumferences (r = 0.377, P = 0.012; r = 0.301, P = 0.047, respectively). Multivariate stepwise linear regression analyses showed that FGF1 levels were significantly correlated with HbA1c and HOMA-IR (β = 0.371, P = 0.008; β = 0.323, P = 0.021, respectively). Weight loss (2.3 ± 0.1 kg) was accompanied by a significant reduction of circulating FGF1 levels (7.2 ± 0.4 pg/mL). Changes in FGF1 were significantly correlated with changes in fasting glucose, HOMA-IR and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (β = 0.277, P = 0.020; β = 0.474, P < 0.001; β = 0.320, P = 0.008, respectively). Conclusion FGF1 was related to increased risk of insulin resistance in obese children and adolescents. Serum FGF1 reduced after weight loss in obese individuals and was associated with the improvement of insulin resistance. Changes in serum FGF1 were more correlated with insulin resistance than changes in obesity per se.

Melatonin Improves Lipid Profile and Ameliorates Lipid Peroxidation in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.

2018 ◽  
pp. 38-45
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Placebo Group ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Inhibit Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Controlled Clinical Study

Dyslipidemia and oxidative modifications of lipid are frequently associated in patients with chronic kidney diseases (CKD) and considered the most important risk factors for cardiovascular events. Melatonin is a well-known potent antioxidant and has beneficial effect on lipid metabolism. the study was designed to evaluate if Melatonin could improve lipid profile and ameliorates lipid peroxidation. This single blind placebo controlled clinical study carried out on 41 patients with CKD who were randomized into two groups, control groups (n=20) those who received placebo cap and melatonin group those who received 5mg melatonin (n=21). Lipid profile [total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C)] and parameters of lipid peroxidation [oxidized LDL (oxLDL) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured before and after 12 weeks of the treatment. After 12 weeks of treatment, melatonin significantly increased HDL-C and decreased LDL-C compared to the initial value. The elevation in HDL-C and reduction in LDL-C were significantly different from that in placebo group. Also, both oxLDL and MDA levels significantly lowered by melatonin compared to the baseline and to the placebo group. Collectively, the results of our study showed that melatonin has advantageous effect on lipid profile and inhibit lipid peroxidation in patients with CKD.

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