Identification and Sensitivity of Vaginal and Probiotic Lactobacillus species to Urinary Antibiotics

Abstract Objectives Healthy vaginal microbiota is mainly dominated by Lactobacillus species namely L. crispatus, L. gasseri, L. jensenii, and L. iners. Lactobacilli are thought to play an important role in the prevention of urogenital infections, and Lactobacillus probiotics to restore and/or maintain vaginal health has been advocated. These can interfere with the adherence, growth, and colonization by uropathogenic bacteria, thus reducing the risk of urinary tract infection (UTI). This study aims to isolate and evaluate the susceptibility of healthy vaginal and probiotic Lactobacillus spp. to urinary antibiotics. Materials and methods A total of 50 premenopausal, nonmenstruating women with no symptoms of vaginal infection or UTI or antimicrobial use in the past 2 weeks were enrolled. Two high vaginal swabs were collected for Nugent’s scoring and anaerobic culture. Colonies yielding gram-positive rods were confirmed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Lactobacillus strains in a vaginal probiotic tablet were also isolated, and the sensitivity of both sets to urinary antibiotics was determined. Results A total of 29 Lactobacillus spp. were isolated, including L. crispatus (15), L. gasseri (5), L. vaginalis (4), L. paracasei (2), L. curvatus (1), L. fermentum (1), and L. paraplantarum (1). All strains were susceptible to nitrofurantoin and resistant to norfloxacin, gentamicin, and cotrimoxazole (except L. paracasei). The probiotic strains were pan-sensitive. Conclusions Prophylactic antibiotics are capable of eliminating the normal vaginal inhabitants, which may increase the probability of UTI. The administration of vaginal probiotics as an alternate or multidrug therapy can restore vaginal microbiota and help prevent recurrent UTI.

Download Full-text

Connecting the dots: Translating the vaginal microbiome into a drug

The Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/infdis/jiaa676 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Laurel A Lagenaur ◽

Anke Hemmerling ◽

Charles Chiu ◽

Steve Miller ◽

Peter P Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Defense Mechanism ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Interesting Case ◽

Vaginal Microbiota ◽

Lactobacillus Species ◽

Obstetric Outcomes ◽

Urogenital Infections ◽

Host Defense Mechanism ◽

Important Host ◽

New Treatment

Abstract A Lactobacillus-dominated vaginal microbiota (VMB) has been associated with health and considered an important host defense mechanism against urogenital infections. Conversely, depletion of lactobacilli and increased microbial diversity, or dysbiosis, increases the risk of adverse gynecologic and obstetric outcomes. A common clinical condition that exemplifies dysbiosis is bacterial vaginosis (BV). BV is currently treated with antibiotics, but frequently recurs, due in part to persistent dysbiosis and failure of endogenous lactobacilli to repopulate the vagina. New treatment options are therefore needed to address recurrent urogenital infections, including BV. The VMB represents an interesting case study for the development of microbiome-based therapeutics. Compared to the gut, the vaginal microbiota is relatively simple and optimally dominated by one or several species of one genus, i.e. Lactobacillus. Further, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-producing species, such as L. crispatus, show the strongest associations with vaginal health and are depleted in dysbiosis. Thus, replenishing the dysbiotic VMB with protective vaginal Lactobacillus species could be a promising approach to prevent recurrent infections and improve women’s health. In this article we discuss confirmation of this approach with the microbiome-based biologic drug, LACTIN-V (Lactobacillus crispatus CTV-05), focusing on prevention of BV recurrence.

Download Full-text

Estimating the inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus isolated from different sources on some pathogens of urogenital infections in women group

Journal of Biotechnology Research Center ◽

10.24126/jobrc.2009.3.2.71 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 65-73

Author(s):

Bushra J . Mohamed ◽

Amina N. AL. Thwani

Keyword(s):

Human Milk ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Klebsiella Oxytoca ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Cow Milk ◽

Lactobacillus Species ◽

Urogenital Infections ◽

Different Sources ◽

Lactobacillus Spp

This study was aimed to identify of pathogenic organism isolated from urogintal tract and estimate the effect of Lactobacillus which isolated from different sources on the growth of these pathogens including (Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Gardnerella viginals, Klebsiella oxytoca ,Proteus mirabilis). The results showed that Lactobacillus which was isolated from vagina on solid medium was effective against pathogenic isolates more than the Lactobacillus species isolated from yoghurt, cow milk, human milk with inhibition zone (12-16) mm, while the highs inhibitory effect of Lactobacillus isolated from vagina in liquid media with inhibition zone reached to(18)mm. Adversely, lowest inhibitory effect was shown with supernatant of Lactobacillus spp isolated from human milk with inhibition zone reached to(11)mm comparison with Lactobacillus spp isolated from yoghurt and cow milk with inhibition zone (13-15) mm. Also the result revealed that Lactobacillus spp isolated from vagina, human milk, cow milk and yoghurt by overlay method had no effect on pathogenic bacteria but high effect was shown only with the vaginal Lactobacillus isolates on C .albicans.

Download Full-text

IN VITRO EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY AND PROBIOTIC POTENTIAL OF LACTOBACILLUS STRAINS AGAINST SOME HUMAN PATHOGENS

Recent Research in Science and Technology ◽

10.25081/rrst.2018.v10.20181029 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 31-35

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Acid Tolerance ◽

Lactobacillus Species ◽

Human Pathogens ◽

Probiotic Potential ◽

Probiotic Strains ◽

Potential Methods ◽

Lactobacillus Spp

Objective: Curd and yogurt are the major source of probiotic consumed by majority of the Indian population and Lactobacillus spp. are the predominant bacterial species in them. The present study was carried out to isolate Lactobacillus spp, from locally available dairy products and assess for the probiotic potential. Methods: The isolated were identified using biochemical assays and assessed for the properties such as Acid tolerance, Bile tolerance and NaCl tolerance. The identified strains were also subjected to antibiotic susceptibility and Antimicrobial activity using standard methodology. Results: A total of ten Lactic acid bacteria were isolated form different sources, belonging to different Lactobacillus species viz. L. acidophilus IAMb-3, L. brevis IAMb-6, L. bulgaricus IAMb-9, L. lactis IAMb-10, L. acidophilus IAMb-11, L. fermentum IAMb-13, L. casei IAMb-14, L. casei IAMb-15, L. plantarum IAMb-16 and L. rhamonsus IAMb-18. These identified strains were able to tolerate pH-3, 0.3% bile salt and upto 5-6% NaCl. Seven out of ten stains had antimicrobial activity against the pathogenic strain used in the study. Conclusion: In the present study the some of the potential probiotic strains have been isolated from local commercial and homemade sources. The isolated strains were capable of tolerating the harsh similar to human gut environment and found antagonistic to gut pathogens, hence can considered as potential probiotics.

Download Full-text

Strain-specific inhibition of the adherence of uropathogenic bacteria to bladder cells by probiotic Lactobacillus spp.

Pathogens and Disease ◽

10.1093/femspd/ftx043 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 75 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Dolores González de Llano ◽

Amalia Arroyo ◽

Nivia Cárdenas ◽

Juan Miguel Rodríguez ◽

M. Victoria Moreno-Arribas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Specific Inhibition ◽

Probiotic Lactobacillus ◽

Bladder Cells ◽

Uropathogenic Bacteria ◽

Lactobacillus Spp

Download Full-text

The role of lactic acid production by probiotic Lactobacillus species in vaginal health

Research in Microbiology ◽

10.1016/j.resmic.2017.04.001 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 168 (9-10) ◽

pp. 782-792 ◽

Cited By ~ 104

Author(s):

Gilda Tachedjian ◽

Muriel Aldunate ◽

Catronia S. Bradshaw ◽

Richard A. Cone

Keyword(s):

Lactic Acid ◽

Acid Production ◽

Lactic Acid Production ◽

Lactobacillus Species ◽

Probiotic Lactobacillus ◽

Vaginal Health

Download Full-text

The effect of secretor status and the vaginal microbiome on birth outcome

10.1101/2021.11.24.21266804 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Samit Kundu ◽

Yun S Lee ◽

Lynne Sykes ◽

Denise Chan ◽

Holly Lewis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Group ◽

Birth Outcome ◽

Antigen Expression ◽

Vaginal Microbiota ◽

Lactobacillus Species ◽

Blood Group Antigens ◽

Gestational Length ◽

Host Interactions ◽

Secretor Status ◽

Lactobacillus Spp

Mutations in the FUT2 gene that result in a lack of expression of histo-blood group antigens on secreted glycoproteins may shape the vaginal microbiota with consequences for birth outcome. To test this, we analysed the relationship between secretor status, vaginal microbiota and gestational length in an ethnically diverse cohort of 313 pregnant women, including 91 who delivered prematurely. Lactobacillus species were found to co-occur less often with other microbial taxa in non-secretors. Moreover, non-secretors with Lactobacillus spp. depleted vaginal microbiota in early pregnancy had significantly shorter gestational length than Lactobacillus spp. dominated non-secretors (mean of 245.5 (SD=44.5) versus 265.9 (23.6)); p=0.045), but not compared to Lactobacillus spp. dominated (261.8 (27.5)) and depleted (264.3 days (21.2)) secretors. In identifying a relationship between blood-group antigen expression and vaginal microbiota-host interactions, our results point towards stratification by secretor status as an important factor for considering preterm birth risk and prevention.

Download Full-text

Reviewing the Composition of Vaginal Microbiota: Inclusion of Nutrition and Probiotic Factors in the Maintenance of Eubiosis

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12020419 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 419 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Antonio Barrientos-Durán ◽

Ana Fuentes-López ◽

Adolfo de Salazar ◽

Julio Plaza-Díaz ◽

Federico García

Keyword(s):

Hormone Replacement ◽

Vaginal Flora ◽

Vaginal Microbiota ◽

Molecular Techniques ◽

Lactobacillus Species ◽

Microbial Composition ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Modifiable Factors ◽

Vaginal Health ◽

Diet Intake

The vaginal microbiota has importance in preserving vaginal health and defending the host against disease. The advent of new molecular techniques and computer science has allowed researchers to discover microbial composition in depth and associate the structure of vaginal microbial communities. There is a consensus that vaginal flora is grouped into a restricted number of communities, although the structure of the community is constantly changing. Certain Community-State Types (CSTs) are more associated with poor reproductive outcomes and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) meanwhile, CSTs dominated by Lactobacillus species—particularly Lactobacillus crispatus—are more related to vaginal health. In this work, we have reviewed how modifiable and non-modifiable factors may affect normal vaginal microbiota homeostasis—including sexual behavior, race or ethnicity, and hygiene. Special interest has been given to how the use of probiotics, diet intake, and use of hormone replacement therapies (HRTs) can potentially impact vaginal microbiota composition.

Download Full-text