Assessment of patient doses and corresponding radiation risks from PET/CT examinations in the Russian Federation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larisa Chipiga ◽  
Aleksandr Vodovatov ◽  
Irina Zvonova ◽  
Mikhail Poyda ◽  
Christian Bernhardsson
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Radiation Risks ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Patient Doses ◽  
The Russian Federation

scholarly journals Development of the automated system for assessing radiation risks to the population of the Russian Federation based on the data of radiation-hygienic certification of territories

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 114-121
Author(s):  
R. R. Akhmatdinov ◽  
A. M. Biblin ◽  
L. V. Repin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Radiation Safety ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Radiation Risk ◽  
Quantitative Characteristic ◽  
Computer Programs ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Radiation Risks ◽  
The Russian Federation

The assessment of the radiation risk based on the data of the radiation-hygienic passports of the territories makes it possible to give a brief quantitative characteristic of the negative impact of sources of ionizing radiation on the health of the population of various regions of the Russian Federation at the population level. The calculation of individual indicators of radiation risk for the population of particular region of the Russian Federation is a time-consuming task that requires referring to radiation-hygienic passports of territories for particular years. Therefore, the purpose of the performed work was to develop specialized software designed to assess the indicators of radiation risk to the population of the Russian Federation according to the data of the radiation-hygienic certification system of territories. Automation of the calculation of radiation risk allows not only to simplify the calculation procedure but also to carry out a spatial-temporal analysis of risk in dynamics for different regions of the Russian Federation over long periods. The methodological basis for the software development is guideline MR 2.6.1.0145-19 “Calculation of radiation risk according to the data contained in the radiation-hygienic passports of the territories to provide a comprehensive comparative assessment of the radiation safety status of the population of the subjects of the Russian Federation”. To achieve the set goal, two computer programs were developed: 1) to automate the process of calculating radiation risk based on the information contained in the radiation-hygienic passports of territories, a computer program “Calculation of radiation risk indicators according to RGPT data”; 2) for the spatial visualization of the calculations, a specialized geographic information system “Radiation risks of the population of the Russian Federation according to radiation-hygienic certification data”. The computer programs developed in the course of the work allow an automated calculation of radiation risk based on the data of radiation-hygienic passports of territories, visualize the spatially distributed results of calculating radiation risk, carry out a preliminary assessment of the state of radiation safety, based on the data contained in radiation-hygienic passports of territories using radiation risk indicators. 

scholarly journals Results of the Russian Multi-Center Cooperative Prospective-Retrospective Observational Program for Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Treatment RNWOHG-HD1

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-465
Author(s):  
Ivan Sergeevich Moiseev ◽  
S.M. Alekseev ◽  
N.B. Mikhailova ◽  
K.D. Kaplanov ◽  
M.V. Demchenkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Hodgkin’S Lymphoma ◽  
Prognostic Score ◽  
Hodgkin's Lymphoma ◽  
First Line ◽  
Lymphoma Treatment ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Observational Program

Aim. The observational program was aimed at obtaining data on classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma (cHL) incidence in the Russian Federation, therapy options, and clinical outcomes of treatment. The aim of the prospective part of the program was to standardize the approaches to therapy and to compare its outcomes with off-protocol treatment. Materials & Methods. The prospective-retrospective observational program for Hodgkin’s lymphoma treatment engaged 32 regional and federal centers. It included 218 patients, 21 out of them were included into the prospective part of the RNWOHG-HD1 (Russian North-West Oncology and Hematology Group - Hodgkin Disease Study 1) program. The median age was 36 years (range 22-87 years). cHL stages I/II were identified in 48 % of patients, III/IV stages were reported in 52 % of patients. The prospective part of the program used escalating protocol in patients with stages I/IIA and without risk factors and de-escalating protocol in patients with advanced stages. Overall (OS) and progression-free (PFS) survivals were analyzed in 160 and 152 patients, respectively. PET-CT was used to assess the response in 33 % of patients. Results. The study used the following first-line chemotherapy regimens: ABVD in 42 %, BEACOPPst in 11 %, BEACOPP-14 in 17 %, BEACOPPesc in 25 %, and EACOPP in 1 % of cases. After the completion of first-line therapy objective response rate was 91 % including 61 % of complete responses. Response structure did not significantly differ in the groups of non-intensive therapy (ABVD and BEACOPPst), intensified regimens (BEACOPP-14, BEACOPPesc, and EACOPP), and treatment according to the RNWOHG-HD1 protocol (91 %, 92 %, and 96 %, respectively; p = 0.7226). In the total cohort the 3-year OS was 97 % (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 94-99 %), PFS was 87 % (95% CI 80-92 %). The 3-year PFS did not differ in ABVD, BEACOPPst, BEACOPP-14, BEACOP-Pesc, and RNWOHG-HD1 recipients (р = 0.37). International Prognostic Score (IPS) yielded significant results in PFS prediction for patients with IPS score of 5-6, but not for those with IPS score of 1-4 (p = 0.0028). Conclusion. The observational program showed that the majority of participating centers use the risk-adapted ABVD/ BEACOPPesc approach which explains no difference in PFS being found with the use of these chemotherapy options. The study demonstrated the need for PET-CT to assess the response since the CT alone cannot distinguish between complete and partial responses in a considerable number of patients. The prospective unified program for cHL treatment may well be implemented in the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Assessment of radiation risks of malignant neoplasms among the population of Russian regions contaminated with radionuclides as a result of the Chernobyl accident

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-146
Author(s):  
V.K. Ivanov ◽  
◽  
V.V. Kashcheev ◽  
S.Yu. Chekin ◽  
M.A. Maksioutov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
Chernobyl Accident ◽  
Average Dose ◽  
Screening Effect ◽  
Radiation Risks ◽  
The Russian Federation

Some areas of the Russian Federation were contaminated with radionuclides released as a re-sult of the Chernobyl accident. The current paper clarifies some items of the previously published study based on NRER (National Radiation-Epidemiological Registry, the Registry) data. The pre-vious issue presented estimates of radiation risks of cancer incidence among the population of four the most contaminated regions of the Russian Federation: Bryansk, Kaluga, Oryol and Tula oblasts. Risks of thyroid cancer are estimated with account of screening effect. The cohort con-sisted of more than 327 thousand people resided in the contaminated areas. The average dose to the thyroid of children and adolescents was 0.174 Gy, the average dose to the thyroid of adults was 0.035 Gy. Thyroid cancer was diagnosed in 1549 members of the cohort during the follow-up period from 1991 over 2019, among them 423 cases were children and adolescents at the accident and 1126 cases were adults. Significant increase in thyroid cancer incidence was ob-served in adults exposed internally through the intake of iodine-131 at a young age. The statisti-cally significant radiation risk of thyroid cancer persists over 30 years after exposure. The risk de-creases with increasing the attained age. In people exposed to radiation before the age of 1 year and reaching the age of 20 years, the coefficient of excess relative risk of thyroid cancer (ERR/Gy) was 4.61. Radiation associated thyroid cancer is attributed to 20.6% of the cohort mem-bers exposed internally through the intake of radioiodine isotopes in their childhood and adoles-cence, and thyroid cancer from intake of radioiodine is attributed to 58% of cases exposed to ra-diation under 4 years of age. Marked screening effect (ES) was found during the disease diag-nosing, screening coefficient was 5.6 for children and 2.1 for adults. There were not attributed to radiation statistically significant risks of solid cancers, including radiation induced breast cancer in females, in the cohort of people resided in the areas contaminated with radionuclides. Radia-tion risk of leukemia was also not identified, although the average value of excess relative risk in men exceeded zero. Further observations of the cohort of persons resided in areas contaminated with radionuclides will increase the statistical power of radiation-epidemiological studies and clarify the assessment of radiation risks of human for chronic exposure at low doses.

Prospects of development of the reference base of the Russian Federation in the field of length measurements

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-5
Author(s):  
Y. G. Zakharenko ◽  
N. A. Kononova ◽  
V. L. Fedorin ◽  
Z. V. Fomkina ◽  
K. V. Chekirda
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Reference Base ◽  
Length Measurements ◽  
Laser Sources ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Unit Of Length ◽  
Further Development ◽  
532 Nm

The results of the work to create a complex of high-precision hardware for the unit of length reproduction and transferring carried out at “D. I. Mendeleyev Institute for Metrology (VNIIM)” are represented. This complex will serve as the basis for the further development of the reference base of the Russian Federation in the field of length measurements and will allow reproduction of the unit of length at two wavelengths of 633 nm and 532 nm, as well as measurements of the wavelength of laser sources in vacuum in the range from 500 to 1050 nm.

Assessment of the state and level of development of public-private partnership projects in the subjects of the Russian Federation

2018 ◽  
pp. 131-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Savrukov ◽  
N. T. Savrukov ◽  
E. A. Kozlovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Current State ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Project Data ◽  
Municipal Level

The article analyzes the current state and level of development of publicprivate partnership (PPP) projects in the subjects of the Russian Federation. The authors conclude that a significant proportion of projects is implemented on a concession basis at the municipal level in the communal sphere. A detailed analysis of the project data showed that the structure of the projects is deformed in favor of the central regions of the Russian Federation, and a significant share in the total amount of financing falls on the transport sector. At the stage of assessing the level of development by the subjects of the Russian Federation, criteria were proposed, and index and integral indicators were used, which ensured comparability of the estimates obtained. At the end of the analysis, the regions were ranked and clustered according to the level of PPP development, which allowed to reveal the number and structure of leaders and outsiders.

Assessing the size of agricultural holdings

2020 ◽  
pp. 105-116
Author(s):  
N. I. Shagaida
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Vertical Integration ◽  
Total Revenue ◽  
Large Share ◽  
State Support ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Agricultural Organizations ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
To Receive

The article clarifies the concept of “agricultural holding”, using an approach to assessing the size on the basis of the total revenue of all agricultural organizations within the agricultural holding. It has been revealed that only 100 of the total number of agricultural holdings that were identified can be attributed to large business entities. They comprise about 3% of agricultural organizations in the country, while their share in the proceeds is about 37%. A large share of agricultural holdings — large business subjects under the control of Russian entities operate in one, and under the control of foreign legal entities — in three or more regions of the Russian Federation. Vertical integration within the framework of large agricultural holdings with different schemes for including the stages of processing and sale of products produced in their agricultural organizations allows them to receive advantages. Strengthening the role of large business entities in agriculture puts on the agenda the issue of differentiating approaches to taxation and state support in agriculture, depending on the size of the companies’ agricultural businesses.

Foreign Direct Investments: The Indirect Way to Economy

2007 ◽  
pp. 63-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Navoi
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Methodological Aspects

The article analyzes the situation with attraction of foreign direct investments (FDI) into the Russian Federation. Sharply increased inflow of international financial resources into national economy has highlighted the problem of definitions, the reasons of this phenomenon and its economic contents. The article considers methodological aspects and economic essence of modern FDI. Special accent is made on the estimation of the situation with their attraction into Russia, FDI structure and effectiveness. The conclusions about basic directions of the increase of their effectiveness in the Russian economy are formulated.

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