The Autonomous Communities: Politics and Economics

1987 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
J R Lasuén Sancho
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
The Political ◽  
National Policies ◽  
Autonomous Communities ◽  
The Real ◽  
Spanish Constitution ◽  
Future Policy ◽  
Nationalist Parties ◽  
Effective Integration

In this paper it is argued that there is a built-in dilemma in the 1978 Spanish Constitution which can be understood and solved only by comparing the ‘formal’ and the ‘real’ Constitutions of the country. The present shared quasi-federalism will prove inadequate in the long term because it fails to recognize that, for most of the time, political centralization and economic growth cannot occur together in Spain. This fact arises because Spain is a country with an ‘inverted centre-periphery’; the political and economic centres are at different locations. As a result future policy should be orientated towards greater decentralized powers, but with more effective integration of the nationalist parties of the Autonomous Communities into national policies.

Questioning the effect of the real exchange rate on growth: new evidence from Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-269
Author(s):  
Florencia Médici ◽  
Augustín Mario ◽  
Alejandro Fiorito
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Real Exchange Rate ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Relative Price ◽  
The Real ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
New Evidence

This study provides new evidence showing that the real exchange rate (RER) does not play an important role in the growth of Mexican GDP. Economic growth is not an automatically predetermined result of relative price correction, and it is important to consider distinctive aspects of national institutional arrangements (fiscal and monetary, for example) for understanding theoretical causality of demand. The empirical results show public expenditure is an overlooked variable in regressions where the exchange rate affects product growth. After incorporating public expenditure, the RER impact on growth becomes insignificant. For its part, public expenditure has a positive and significant effect on GDP in the long term. The RER does not lead to greater GDP since exports are not stimulated through price.

Timor-Leste in 2010

Asian Survey ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew B. Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Crisis ◽  
Timor Leste

Timor-Leste in 2010 continued to stabilize following the political and social crisis of 2006–08. With strong economic growth and a calm security situation, the year was defined by twin national debates that will dominate the country's long-term future: how to manage its significant energy resources and how best to use the accruing wealth.

scholarly journals Other economico-social factors of the saving process

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Grigorescu ◽  
Oana Oprisan ◽  
Elena Condrea
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
The Political ◽  
Economic Development And Growth

AbstractSavings and investments are not unconditioned universal ways for the economic development and growth of a country. They accomplish only the motor role in a healthy macroeconomic ambiance, but in the context of a coherent and consistent long-term policy, as well. Only in these circumstances it can become reality the virtuous circle of high savings – large investments – economic growth.For the insuring of the sustainability of the economic growth there will be the need of more effort, which indicates the fact that success is obtainable and that the political efforts in this direction will be rewarded.

The Causes and Legacy of the Great Recession in Spain

2020 ◽  
pp. 115-131
Author(s):  
Sebastián Royo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Great Recession ◽  
Political System ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
The Political ◽  
The European Union ◽  
New Parties ◽  
Political Consequences ◽  
The Great Recession

After over two decades of prolonged economic growth, Spain suffered its worst economic crisis in decades between 2008 and 2014. The political, social, and economic consequences of this crisis were very severe: unemployment increased sharply reaching over 27 per cent; inequalities deepened; and the two-party political system was transformed by the emergence of new parties. The implementation of structural reforms, which intensified as a result of the European Union financial sector bailout of 2012, led to economic recovery. As a result, credit was restored, strong economic growth resumed, and the political system did not implode. Yet, persistently high unemployment (particularly as regards youth and long-term) as well as inequality (and to a certain extent poverty) still persist a decade after the crisis. This chapter looks at the genesis of the crisis and examines the responses to the crisis, as well as its economic, social, and political consequences.

Human Progress — And Collapse?

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 441-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang E. Kasper
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic History ◽  
Recent Book ◽  
The Political ◽  
Structural Flexibility ◽  
The Past ◽  
Social Disintegration ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Institutions

Against the human experience of long-term stagnation and misery, the record of growing prosperity over the past two centuries, and in particular the last fifty years, is astounding. Economic growth owes much to the mobilisation of resources and structural flexibility, but this depends on the ‘software of economic development’ – institutions, which change slowly. Now, old fears and growth-impeding policies are being justified on environmental grounds. One example is Jared Diamond's recent book ‘Collapse’, which discusses the possibility of a swift descent of the world into social disintegration. To anyone familiar with long-term economic history and the theory of growth, the book is pure millennial pessimism. It could become self-fulfilling if environmentalist doomsayers win the political argument with the doers — the engineers, entrepreneurs and economists.

scholarly journals The Perspective of the Reform of the Constitution of Spain in View of the Institutional Status of Autonomous Communities

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
Michał Zbigniew Dankowski
Keyword(s):  
Constitutional Reform ◽  
The Political ◽  
Lively Discussion ◽  
Autonomous Communities ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Spanish Constitution ◽  
Basic Law ◽  
Institutional Status ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Franco Dictatorship

Abstract Spain according to the Constitution of 1978 is a unitary state, but its whole territory is divided into autonomous communities that have the widest rights from equivalent territorial units in other European countries. The Constitution restored the possibility of creating regional autonomies, which were abolished earlier during the Franco dictatorship. However, the basic law was adopted before the foundations of regional structures were fully developed, so norms concerning the issues of autonomy were dictated in a general way. Only later legal acts regulated the situation in detail, but often their content depended on the political situation and was not always homogeneous. The creators of the Constitution did not foresee the subsequent forming of autonomous communities in the entire state territory. For over four decades of validity of the Spanish constitution, differences in the way the individual autonomous communities were established and differences in the competences of different regions have emerged. Some autonomous governments have also begun to expand their rights at the expense of the central authorities. The above factors caused a lively discussion among lawyers and politicians over the necessity of constitutional reform in the scope of the territorial system of Spain.

scholarly journals Testimony before the U.S. Senate Banking Committee: ‘Fostering Economic Growth: Midsized, Regional and Large Institution Perspective’

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saule T. Omarova
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Financial Regulation ◽  
Banking Industry ◽  
The Real ◽  
Large Institution ◽  
Oral Testimony ◽  
Banking Committee ◽  
American Economy ◽  
The U.S

This written statement accompanied Professor Omarova’s oral testimony given on June 15, 2017, in a hearing held by the U.S. Senate Banking Committee on the necessity of relaxing certain aspects of post-crisis financial regulation applicable to midsized, regional and large banks, as a means of fostering America’s economic growth. In her written statement, Professor Omarova systematically lays out the reasons why massive deregulation urged by the banking industry will hinder, rather than foster, sustainable long-term growth in the real (i.e., non-financial) sector of the American economy.

scholarly journals The experience of regional transformation in the EU: the precedents of Italy and Spain

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 31-40
Author(s):  
V. S. Plyasov
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Institutional Reforms ◽  
Autonomous Communities ◽  
Spanish Constitution ◽  
Administrative Efficiency ◽  
Political Hierarchy ◽  
Territorial Structure ◽  
Territorial Organization ◽  
History Of

This article analyzes the political transformation polysyllabic societies in the era of modernism in the Second example of institutional reforms in Italy and Spain. The territorial structure of Italy in its present form was constituted in 1970 (special status regions, including Sardinia, Sicily, South Tyrol, were identified earlier). Each region has a population of regional assembly, which in turn elects the executive (government) headed by the president of the region. Regionalization of the Italian political and social life in general took place. This that the «region» replaced «province» of the political hierarchy of the country. The process of reaching a consensus at the regional level was much softer and adjusted, aimed at a compromise. Concern «radical social renewal» changed worry about administrative efficiency and professional level – a change institutional priorities. In general, population and community leaders satisfied with the availability and much greater openness regional administrations versus national. Regional governments have become laboratories of policy innovation, largely determined the «new way of doing politics». Also analyzes the Spanish experience of institutional reforms. New model of territorial organization of Spain called State autonomy. The article notes that the Spanish Constitution does not specify either the number or the name of the autonomous communities, but merely indicates ways to individual provinces or their associations can create such communities (this right was implemented by all provinces and is now in Spain composed of 17 autonomous communities). In Spain, always in one way or another existing political and cultural regionalism, there is always special historical area. The history of the country is in this respect the history of vibrations, movements between centralism and regionalism.

scholarly journals التفرق الحزبي السياسي بين المسلمين وآثاره في المجتمع الماليزي في ضوء السنة النبوية [POLITICAL PARTISAN DISPERSIONS AMONG MUSLIMS IN MALAYSIA AND ITS EFFECTS TO THE SOCIETY IN LIGHT OF THE SUNNAH]

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 319
Author(s):  
Ahmad Izzuddin Abu Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
The Political ◽  
Beliefs And Practices ◽  
Good Image ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Status ◽  
Community Conflict ◽  
The Government

أن التفرق هو من أخطر الأزمات التي تحدث في المجتمع حيث منعه الإسلام منعا باتا، وقد يهدد التفرق الحزبي السياسي بين المسلمين في ماليزيا بسبب الاختلافات في الانتماءات السياسية مكانة الإسلام وحقوق أتباعهم، وتدرس هذه الورقة مفهوم التفرق في ضوء السنة النبوية أملا أن يساعد في تحديد المعنى المراد منها، كما تدرس الآثار التي يسببها هذا النوع من التفرق في المجتمع، وتكشف هذه الدراسة معنى التفرق ومفهومه الذي ذكرته السنة على أربعة معان، وهي الاختلاف في أصول الدين، وعدم التمسك بالكتاب والسنة في الاعتقاد والعمل، والاختلاف المفضي إلى ترك الواجبات وفعل المحرمات، والخروج على الحاكم وهو التمرد المسلح ضد الحكومة، وعلى هذا التفرق الحزبي السياسي بين المسلمين في هذا البلد هو الاختلاف المفضي إلى ترك الواجبات وفعل المحرمات، وهو التفرق والاختلاف المذموم، وآثار هذا التفرق أربعة وهي تهديد مكانة الإسلام وحقوق المسلمين، وأن تكون هناك عقبات أمام عملية الأسلمة والتنمية الإسلامية، وتقييد الدعوة الإسلامية لغير المسلمين، وأن تكون هناك معوقات أمام تنمية اقتصاد المسلمين.مفاتيح الكلمات: السنة، السياسة، التفرق السياسي، تفرق المسلمين، الأسلمة.Dispersion is a dangerous community conflict and is strictly prohibited in Islam. The political dispersion of Muslims in Malaysia has suffocated and challenged the status of the religion and its believers. This paper reviews the concept of dispersion according to the Sunnah of the prophet SAW with hope that it would help to establish the real meaning of the concept as stated in Hadith. The effects of disunity on society due to the political dispersion are also discussed. This paper reveals that dispersion among Muslims in the country occurs because of four factors: 1) the differences in the essence of religion; 2) the failure to hold on to the al-Quran and Sunnah in beliefs and practices; 3) the tendency to leave the obligated and commit the prohibited; and 4) the rebellion towards the government. The dispersion tarnishes the good image of religion, delays the Islamization process, affects the preaching to the non-Muslims and averts the economic growth of the Muslims. Keywords: Islamization, Muslim disunity, politics, political dispersion, Sunnah Cite as: Abu Bakar, A.I. (2017). Political partisan dispersions among Muslims in Malaysia and its effects to the society in light of the sunnah. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 2(2), 319-332.

Actual Problems of Economic Policy

2003 ◽  
pp. 23-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ershov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
Foreign Exchange ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Domestic Economy ◽  
The World ◽  
Exchange Policy ◽  
Effective Integration

At present Russia faces the task of great importance - effective integration into the world economy. The success of this process largely depends on the strength of the domestic economy and stable economic growth. To attain such a goal certain changes in economic approaches are required which imply more active, focused and concerted steps in the monetary, fiscal and foreign exchange policy.

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