From Contour to Texture: Static Texture Flow is a Strong Cue to Surface Shape

Perception ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 26 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 205-205
Author(s):  
D C Knill
Keyword(s):  
Human Perception ◽  
Surface Shape ◽  
Flow Mode ◽  
Flat Surfaces ◽  
Developable Surfaces ◽  
Local Texture ◽  
Planar Texture ◽  
Oriented Texture ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Source Of Information

Contours projected from geodesic boundaries of developable surfaces (as are formed by folding and twisting flat surfaces) are particularly salient cues to 3-D surface shape. Textures which are strongly anisotropic (highly oriented) provide a similar source of information. The natural definition of homogeneity for such textures leads to the constraint that the oriented ‘flow’ of texture on a surface follows geodesics of the surface (on average). In the current work, it is shown that the shapes of contours projected from geodesics of developable surfaces, and analogously of oriented texture flow, reliably determine the shapes of the surfaces. On the basis of this analysis, it is suggested that human perception of surface shape from texture has two modes of operation: an isotropic mode, in which the visual system infers surface shape from local texture compression information, and a texture flow mode, in which the curvature of local texture flow determines local surface curvature, based on a geodesic constraint. In order to test the theory, planar texture patterns have been isometrically mapped with varying degrees of global orientation (ranging from isotropic to purely oriented) onto developable surfaces. The theory predicts that subjects' ability to make judgements about surface shape will be good for the isotropic textures and for highly oriented textures, but not for anisotropic textures that are only weakly oriented. As predicted, images of the surfaces with isotropic texture patterns induce strong percepts of shape, as do those of highly oriented textures. Images of anisotropic, weakly oriented patterns, however, elicit only weak percepts of shape.

Prawne regulacje pobierania i transplantacji narządów oraz tkanek w ujęciu europejskiej konwencji bioetycznej

2016 ◽  
pp. 52-65
Author(s):  
Patryk Kołodyński ◽  
Paulina Drab
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
European Convention ◽  
The Public ◽  
Additional Protocol ◽  
The Past ◽  
Reliable Source ◽  
International Legal Order ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Source Of Information

Over the past several years, transplantology has become one of the fastest developing areas of medicine. The reason is, first and foremost, a significant improvement of the results of successful transplants. However, much controversy arouse among the public, on both medical and ethical grounds. The article presents the most important concepts and regulations relating to the collection and transplantation of organs and tissues in the context of the European Convention on Bioethics. It analyses the convention and its additional protocol. The article provides the definition of transplantation and distinguishes its types, taking into account the medical criteria for organ transplants. Moreover, authors explained the issue of organ donation ex vivo and ex mortuo. The European Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine clearly regulates the legal aspects concerning the transplantation and related basic concepts, and therefore provides a reliable source of information about organ transplantation and tissue. This act is a part of the international legal order, which includes the established codification of bioethical standards.

scholarly journals Electronic Orientation Aid for Visually Impaired using Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 03054
Author(s):  
Akshata Parab ◽  
Rashmi Nagare ◽  
Omkar Kolambekar ◽  
Parag Patil
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Graphics Processing Unit ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Processing Unit ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
Visually Impaired People ◽  
Impaired People ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Graphics Processing

Vision is one of the very essential human senses and it plays a major role in human perception about surrounding environment. But for people with visual impairment their definition of vision is different. Visually impaired people are often unaware of dangers in front of them, even in familiar environment. This study proposes a real time guiding system for visually impaired people for solving their navigation problem and to travel without any difficulty. This system will help the visually impaired people by detecting the objects and giving necessary information about that object. This information may include what the object is, its location, its precision, distance from the visually impaired etc. All these information will be conveyed to the person through audio commands so that they can navigate freely anywhere anytime with no or minimal assistance. Object detection is done using You Only Look Once (YOLO) algorithm. As the process of capturing the video/images and sending it to the main module has to be carried at greater speed, Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) is used. This will help in enhancing the overall speed of the system and will help the visually Impaired to get the maximum necessary instructions as quickly as possible. The process starts from capturing the real time video, sending it for analysis and processing and get the calculated results. The results obtained from analysis are conveyed to user by means of hearing aid. As a result by this system the blind or the visually impaired people can visualize the surrounding environment and travel freely from source to destination on their own.

scholarly journals “There must be Someone’s Name Under Every Bit of Text, Even if it is Unimportant or Incorrect”: Plagiarism as a Learning Strategy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Bielska ◽  
Mateusz Rutkowski
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Plagiarism Detection ◽  
International Context ◽  
Detection Systems ◽  
Uniform Definition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Difficult Situations ◽  
Source Of Information

AbstractThe article offers analyses of the phenomenon of copying (plagiarism) in higher education. The analyses were based on a quantitative survey using questionnaires, conducted in 2019 at one of the Polish universities. Plagiarism is discussed here both as an element of the learning process and a subject of public practices. The article presents students’ definitions of plagiarism, their strategies for unclear or difficult situations, their experiences with plagiarism and their opinions on how serious and widespread this phenomenon is. Focusing on the non-plagiarism norm, that is the rule that students are not allowed to plagiarize, and in order to redefine it we have determined two strategies adopted by students. The first is withdrawing in fear of making a mistake (omitting the norm), which means not using referencing in unclear situations, e.g. when the data about the source of information are absent. The second is reducing the scope of the norm applicability (limiting the norm), characterized by the fact that there are areas where the non-plagiarism norm must be observed more closely and those where it is not so important, e.g. respondents classify works as credit-level and diploma-level texts, as in the credit-level work they “can” sometimes plagiarize since the detection rate is poor and consequences are not severe. The presented results are particularly significant for interpreting plagiarism in an international context (no uniform definition of plagiarism) and for policies aimed at limiting the scale of the phenomenon (plagiarism detection systems1).

scholarly journals Formation of Residual Stresses during Discontinuous Friction Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. C38-C44
Author(s):  
I. Hurey ◽  
V. Gurey ◽  
M. Bartoszuk ◽  
T. Hurey
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Mineral Oil ◽  
Surface Shape ◽  
Technological Medium ◽  
Flat Surfaces ◽  
Compressive Stresses ◽  
Friction Treatment ◽  
Working Surface ◽  
Pass Through

The tool with grooves on its working surface is used to improve the properties of the strengthened layer. This allows us to reduce the structure’s grain size and increase the thickness of the layer and its hardness. Mineral oil and mineral oil with active additives containing polymers are used as a technological medium during friction treatment. It is shown that the technological medium used during the friction treatment affects the nature of the residual stresses’ distribution. Thus, when using mineral oil with active additives containing polymers, residual compressive stresses are more significant in magnitude and depth than when treating mineral oil. The nature of the residual stresses diagram depends on the treated surface’ shape. After friction treatment of cylindrical surfaces, the highest compressive stresses near the treated surface decreases with depth. And after friction treatment of flat surfaces near the treated surface, the compressive stresses are small. They increase with depth, pass through the maximum, and then decrease to the original values. The technological medium used during friction treatment affects residual stresses in the grains and in the crystal lattice.

scholarly journals The Architecture and the Pace of the Press-Marathon of the President of Ukraine V. Zelensky

2020 ◽  
pp. 113-120
Author(s):  
Kostyantin Hrubych
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Structural Basis ◽  
The Press ◽  
Food Market ◽  
Empirical Research Methods ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Structural Base

The main schemes of architectonics, which is a structural base of television action, general outward form of construction and interrelation of its parts, their correlation to each other are determined. The pattern of application of archetypical principle of human perception of stories from Aristotle’s first works to use of communication technologies of proportionality of journalist’s text construction by contemporary TV reporters and screenwriters are researched. The novelty of the study is in an attempt to segregate clearly the notions of script composition from architectonics, the essence of difference of priority of the rhythm category namely for architectonics. The objective of the study is to determine the basic schemes of architectonics which is the structural basis of television action, the general appearance and interrelation of its parts, their correlation with each other. Such empirical research methods as observation, abstraction and analysis have been applied. The result of the study was the analysis of television scripts of various programs, definition of main components of architectonics – its beginning, middle and end parts, as well as presentation of structural diagrams of script architectonics. It is emphasized that the action in the scenario should be organized in such way that the dramatic tension curve and the viewer interest curve are being evenly raised from the beginning to the end of the spectacle. The scenario construction of a record-breaking press-marathon with the President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyi that took place on October 10, 2019 in the capital of Ukraine at Kyiv Food Market was first studied in the scientific literature.

scholarly journals Defence strategies of the smaller NATO states – a comparative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 023-045
Author(s):  
Lukáš Dyčka ◽  
Taivo Rõkk ◽  
Zdzisław Śliwa
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Small State ◽  
Level Of Details ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Defence Strategies ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
National Defence

Defence strategies of smaller NATO states represent interesting source of information about defence policies of this pool of countries. Definition of what constitutes "small state" is discussed in first step. In second step, this study compares 10 selected NATO countries Defence Strategies in terms of identified risks and threats, future military capabilities to counter threats, processes of drafting defence papers, level of details and approving authorities. Outlining these indicators and characteristics provide useful overview for future draft of National defence strategies within countries of similar size.

scholarly journals Non-renewable Resources and the Intergenerational Equity Problem in Saudi Arabia

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Norman Adamson Sigalla King
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Economic Trend ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Intergenerational Equity ◽  
Future Price ◽  
Nonrenewable Resource ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Source Of Information

This study examines the intergenerational equity problem of Saudi Arabia, a country that is highly dependent on oil, a non-renewable resource, for most of her income. The first part which is introductory covers the definition of the main concepts, the importance of energy and the Saudi Arabian economic trend. The second part covers oil production and the alternative and future strategies. The paper has articulated documentation as the major source of information, while maintaining review through thinking holistically as the drive to making analyses of the discussion. It is a case study design as it focuses on Saudi Arabia. The third part of the paper discusses the challenges to models, alternatives, and the impact of future price of oil. The paper concludes that managing an economy which has the strength of nonrenewable resource such as oil, need highly adept understanding of resource management while containing other industrial products to support the economy.

The Integration of Qualitative Orientation and Named Distances: Application to a Qualitative Navigation Simulator

1997 ◽  
Vol 06 (04) ◽  
pp. 451-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Teresa Escrig ◽  
Francisco Toledo
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Reasoning ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Positional Information ◽  
Qualitative Spatial Reasoning ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Operational Model ◽  
Distance Information ◽  
Spatial Concepts ◽  
Definition Of

Human beings reason about different aspects of space (such as relative orientation, cardinal directions, distance, size and shape of objects) quite easily. With the aim of simulating human behavior, several models for these spatial concepts have been developed in the recent years. Cognitive considerations have made these frameworks qualitative, because they seem to deal better with the imprecision that human perception provides. However, an operational model to reason with all these spatial aspects in an integrated way has not been developed, up to now. The first aim of our research work has been the integration of different spatial concepts into the same spatial model which has been accomplished thanks to the definition of an operational model based on Constrain Logic Programming extended with Constraint Handling Rules. Although other aspects of space have been successfully represented by these techniques [2], in this paper we focus our attention in positional information, that is, orientation integrated with distance information. The Constraint Solver developed for managing positional information has a temporal complexity of O(n) 3, where n is the number of spatial landmarks considered in the reasoning process. The second aim of our work is to apply qualitative spatial reasoning to develop a Qualitative Navigation Simulator.

Bringing back the image into its frame: Barthes’ soldier and the contextual frame of human perception and interpretation of signs

Semiotica ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (229) ◽  
pp. 87-100
Author(s):  
Sarvenaz Safavi ◽  
Agah Gümüş
Keyword(s):  
Human Perception ◽  
Background Knowledge ◽  
Roland Barthes ◽  
Situational Context ◽  
New Model ◽  
Sign System ◽  
Semiotic Approach ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractIn this article, the authors try to review the Paris-Match cover page (No. 326 from 1955) analyzed by Roland Barthes and introduces a new model of analyzing sign system from a new semiotic approach based on the new definition of the context. This research is based on three layers of the context and shows that understanding the cover page of a magazine or any other kind of text is not only absolute but also somehow relative due to the different background knowledge of the audience. This means that human sees the Context A, or what is designed, in the situation of Context B, or situational context, and interpret based on their Context C, or background knowledge of the audience.

Aristotle's Use of Medicine as Model of Method in his Ethics

1957 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Werner Jaeger
Keyword(s):  
Historical Consciousness ◽  
Special Importance ◽  
Political Art ◽  
Greek Philosophy ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Right ◽  
First Time ◽  
Source Of Information

Philosophy, in general, moves in a sphere of abstraction, and its statements claim to be necessary and of universal validity. The reader therefore expects them to appeal directly to his reason, and he does not normally reflect much on the time and historical conditions that determined what the philosopher took for granted. It is only in this age of historical consciousness that we have come to appreciate these factors more readily, and the great thinkers of the past appear to us more or less closely related to the culture of their age. The writings of Plato and Aristotle in particular are for us an inexhaustible source of information about Greek society and civilisation. This is true also in regard to the relation of Greek philosophy to the science of its time, and this is of special importance for our understanding. That relation can be traced throughout Aristotle's logical, physical, and metaphysical works; but the influence of other sciences and arts is no less evident in his ethics. In this paper I propose to examine the numerous references to medicine that occur in the Nicomachean Ethics. They are mostly concerned with the question of the best method of treating this subject. The problem of the right method is always of the utmost importance for Aristotle. The discussion of it begins on the first page of the Ethics, where he tries to give a definition of the subject of this course of lectures and attributes it to a philosophical discipline that he calls ‘politics’. He does so in agreement with the Platonic tradition. We can trace it back to one of the dialogues of Plato's first period, the Gorgias, in which the Platonic Socrates for the first time pronounces his postulate of a new kind of philosophy, the object of which ought to be the care of the human soul (φυχῆς θεραπεία). He assigns this supreme task to ‘political art’, even though it does not fulfil this function at present.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document