The effect of soil- and foliar-applied manganese in preventing the onset of manganese deficiency in Lupinus angustifolius

1984 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 529 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Hannam ◽  
WJ Davies ◽  
RD Graham ◽  
JL Riggs
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Lupinus Angustifolius ◽  
Manganese Concentration ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Manganese Deficiency ◽  
Lateral Shoots ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Upper South

The efficacy of the application of manganese, either applied to soil or as foliar sprays at three stages of flower development, in preventing the expression of manganese deficiency (ruptured seed coats ('split seed'); delayed maturity ('regreening'); and poor grain yield) in two cultivars of Lupinus angustifolius (cvv. Marri and Illyarrie) was assessed on sandy soils of the upper South East and Eyre Peninsula regions of South Australia. Six experiments were conducted during 1979 and 1980. A single foliar application of manganese (1.7 kg Mn/ha, in 200 litre water) when the upper-lateral shoots were in mid-flower, prevented the onset of the disorder. Applications of manganese to the soil at sowing at rates of up to 11.1 kg Mn/ha were usually less effective. The appearance of 'split-seed' symptoms in mature grain was a more sensitive indicator of manganese deficiency than was grain yield response to manganese fertilization. The degree to which these symptoms appeared increased markedly when the manganese concentration in intact seed became less than 8-10 �g/g dry seed, an observation which is consistent with other studies.

Correction of manganese deficiency in barley crops on calcareous soils. 1. Manganous sulphate applied at sowing and as foliar sprays

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (63) ◽  
pp. 434 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Reuter ◽  
TG Heard ◽  
AM Alston
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Manganese Deficiency ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Deficiency Symptoms ◽  
Foliar Sprays ◽  
Shoot And Root Growth

Barley was grown in six field experiments from 1963 to 1969 on calcareous (>80 per cent CaCO3) soils of southern Yorke Peninsula, South Australia. Manganous sulphate was applied to the soil at sowing at 0 to 16 kg ha-1 Mn and to the plants as foliar sprays (1.3 - 1.8 kg ha-1 Mn per application). The effects on shoot and root growth, and manganese uptake in the shoots were measured during the season, and grain yields were determined. Application of manganous sulphate to the soil at sowing increased shoot and root growth and the manganese content of the shoots, and progressively delayed the appearance of manganese deficiency symptoms. However, all crops showed symptoms by the time of stem extension irrespective of the amount of manganese applied to the soil. The maximum grain yield response to soil application was obtained with 6 kg ha-1 Mn. Foliar application of manganous sulphate delayed the appearance of deficiency symptoms and increased grain yield in three of the experiments. Two or three sprays were more effective than a single spray, particularly where no manganese was applied to the soil at sowing. A combination of both soil and foliar application of manganous sulphate (6 kg ha-1Mn added to the soil at sowing and two or three foliar sprays) produced the highest grain yields and usually prevented the occurrence of deficiency symptoms.

Effects of the concentration of manganese in the seed in alleviating manganese deficiency of Lupinus angustifolius L.

2001 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. F. Brennan ◽  
N. E Longnecker
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Lupinus Angustifolius ◽  
Manganese Concentration ◽  
Manganese Deficiency ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Yield Plateau

Low concentration of manganese in the seed of narrow-leafed sweet lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) decreased both the germination of seedlings and grain yield. In lupin, the grain yield obtained from seeds with increasing the manganese concentration planted on manganese-deficient soils could not reach grain yields on the maximum yield plateau reached by applying fertiliser manganese or minimise the amount of split seed. Consequently, in lupin for maximum grain yield and minimum amounts of split seed, both adequate manganese in seed and fertiliser manganese are required on manganese-deficient soils.

The effect of (2-chloroethyl) trimethylommonium chloride (CCC) on the growth and yield of wheat

1971 ◽  
Vol 11 (51) ◽  
pp. 450 ◽  
Author(s):  
JE Schultz
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Leaf Senescence ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Crop Height ◽  
Commercial Importance

The effect of CCC on the growth of wheat in South Australia was assessed in three years, 1967 to 1969. A significant grain yield response was obtained only in the wet year, 1968, and was attributed to increased grain weight. It is suggested that the delay in heading and leaf senescence which occurred in CCC-treated plants allowed a greater assimilation of water and nutrients, thus producing the heavier grains. The lack of response in grain yield in 1967 and 1969 was probably due to moisture stress during gram filling. CCC reduced crop height significantly in 1968 and 1969, but not in the very dry year, 1967. There was evidence that split applications would be more useful than the single applications used in these experiments. Although CCC can give small increases in yield under some conditions, it is unlikely to be of commercial importance for wheat-growing in South Australia.

scholarly journals Effect of zinc foliar application on grain yield of maize and its yielding compone

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 519-527 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Potarzycki ◽  
W. Grzebisz
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Total N ◽  
Yield Structure ◽  
Zinc Fertilizer

Actual yields of maize harvested by farmers are at level much below attainable yield potential of currently cultivated varieties. Among many growth factors zinc was recognized as one of main limiting factors of maize crop growth and yielding. This hypothesis has been verified within a three-year field study, where zinc fertilizer was applied to maize plants at the 5<sup>th</sup> leaf stage. Maize crop responded significantly to zinc foliar application in two of three years of study. The optimal rate of zinc foliar spray for achieving significant grain yield response was in the range from 1.0 to 1.5 kg Zn/ha. Grain yield increase was circa 18% (mean of three years) as compared to the treatment fertilized only with NPK. Plants fertilized with 1.0 kg Zn/ha significantly increased both total N uptake and grain yield. Yield forming effect of zinc fertilizer revealed via improvement of yield structure elements. The number of kernels per plant showed the highest response (+17.8% as compared to the NPK plot) and simultaneously the highest dependence on N uptake (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.79). For this particular zinc treatment, however, the length of cob can also be applied as a component of yield structure significantly shaping the final grain yield.

Relations between yield of wheat, soil factors, and rainfall

1961 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 397 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Millington
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Apparent Density ◽  
Seedling Establishment ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
Nitrogenous Fertilizer

Data have been collected from wheat plots in long-term rotation experiments on a red-brown earth at Adelaide, South Australia. Measurements were made of the apparent density and total nitrogen status of' the surface soil and of seedling establishment. Variation in grain yield, as well as grain yield response to applied nitrogenous fertilizer, was assessed in relation to these factors both within and between seasons. In particular, soil and plant responses to the amount of rainfall occurring just after sowing hare been examined. It has been shown that there are marked seasonal changes in apparent density associated \ d h the mount of rainfall occurring in the month following sowing. These seasonal changes in apparent density are accompanied by a reduction in seedling establishment and a depression of crop grain yield in years of high post-seeding rainfall. The results suggest that a large part of the reduction in yield in excessively wet seasons on unstable soil.; like the red-brown earth may be ascribed to poor physical conditions of the soil, and not predominantly to the leaching of nitrate.

Growth, yield components and seed composition of two soybean cultivars as affected by manganese supply

1980 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 471 ◽  
Author(s):  
DP Heenan ◽  
LC Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Manganese Concentration ◽  
Manganese Deficiency ◽  
High Manganese ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Individual Seed ◽  
Seed Manganese

The influence of manganese nutrition on growth and yield of two soybean cultivars (Lee and Bragg) was studied in sand culture. Increasing the manganese concentration from 1.0�M to 275�M reduced vegetative growth and grain yield in both cultivars, the reduction being greater for Bragg than for Lee. The reduction in grain yield at high manganese levels resulted mainly from a reduced individual seed weight and a lower number of pods, with a slight reduction in the number of fertile nodes. There was no effect of high manganese supply on oil and protein levels or on the germination percentage of harvested seed. Manganese deficiency reduced vegetative growth, advanced flower initiation and pod formation, and decreased the grain yields of both cultivars. The reduced seed yield was mainly due to a reduction in the number of pods per plant and the individual seed weight. Manganese deficiency also reduced the concentration of oil in the seeds, but there was no effect on seed protein level or on the germination percentage cf harvested seed. Seed manganese concentration increased with the supply of the nutrient, but no difference in concentration was found between the two cultivars.

scholarly journals Effect of Foliar Micronutrients (B, Mn, Fe, Zn) on Maize Grain Yield, Micronutrient Recovery, Uptake, and Partitioning

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 528
Author(s):  
Zachary P. Stewart ◽  
Ellen T. Paparozzi ◽  
Charles S. Wortmann ◽  
Prakash Kumar Jha ◽  
Charles A. Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiency ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Application Time ◽  
Variable Effect ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Micronutrient Uptake ◽  
Maize Grain

Timing of micronutrient demand and acquisition by maize (Zea mays L.) is nutrient specific and associated with key vegetative and reproductive growth stages. The objective of this study was to determine the fate of foliar-applied B, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Fe/Zn together, evaluate the effect of foliar micronutrients applied at multiple rates and growth stages on maize grain yield, and determine their apparent nutrient recovery efficiency (ANR). Five Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) experiments were conducted in 2014 and 2015 at five locations across Nebraska. Total dry matter was collected at 5–6 stages, and separated into leaves, stalk, and reproductive tissue as appropriate to determine micronutrient uptake, partitioning, and translocation. Foliar B, Mn, Zn, and Fe/Zn had no effect on grain yield for most application time by rate levels, though, at the foliar Mn site, there was a 19% yield increase due to a V18 application of 0.73 kg Mn ha−1 which corresponded with reduced Mn uptake in maize grown in control plots. At the foliar Zn site, there was 4.5% decrease in yield due to a split foliar application of 0.84 kg Zn ha−1 total, applied at V11 and V15 stage, which increased leaf Zn concentrations greater than the established toxic level. Only the Fe site had consistent grain yield response and was the only experiment that had visual signs of micronutrient deficiency. Regardless of application time from V6 to R2, there was a 13.5–14.6% increase in grain yield due to 0.22 kg Fe ha−1 foliar application. Most micronutrients had limited or no translocation, however, early season applications of B, prior to V10, had significant mobilization to reproductive tissues at or after VT. Foliar Mn, Zn, and B application had ANR LSmeans of 9.5, 16.9, and 2.5%, respectively, whereas the Fe/Zn mix had negative ANR LSmeans of −9.1% Fe and −1.3% Zn which indicate suppression. These data highlight the importance of confirming a micronutrient deficiency prior to foliar application, guide specific growth stages to target with specific micronutrients, track the fate of foliar-applied micronutrients, and describe the variable effect of foliar-applied micronutrients on grain yield.

Correction of manganese deficiency in barley crops on calcareous soils. 3. Application of elemental sulphur

1973 ◽  
Vol 13 (63) ◽  
pp. 446 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Reuter ◽  
AM Alston ◽  
TG Heard
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Calcareous Soils ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Elemental Sulphur ◽  
Manganese Deficiency ◽  
Yorke Peninsula ◽  
Manganese Availability ◽  
Phosphorus Application ◽  
Sulphur Uptake

Infield experiments elemental sulphur (0 to 126 kg ha-1), incorporated in mixed and compound fertilizers with superphosphate (19 to 39 kg ha-1P) and manganous sulphate (0 to 16 kg ha-1Mn) was applied to calcareous soils of southern Yorke Peninsula, South Australia. The response of barley was measured in terms of grain yield, dry weight, and the manganese, phosphorus, and sulphur content of the shoots. Elemental sulphur (40 mg) alone or in compound fertilizers was incubated with 20 g surface soil for up to 52 weeks. The rate of oxidation of the sulphur and its effect on extractable manganese was measured. During 52 weeks' incubation, 20 to 50 per cent of the sulphur added to the soil was oxidized. The sulphur had little effect on the amounts of divalent and easily-reducible manganese extracted from the soil. Grain yields were increased by application of manganese and by increasing the amount of phosphorus applied from 19 to 39 kg ha-1. Elemental sulphur increased grain yield only at the low rate of phosphorus application. In one experiment a greater response to sulphur was obtained in the absence than in the presence of applied manganese. Sulphur applied with low amounts of phosphorus increased the uptake of manganese and phosphorus in the barley shoots sampled at stem extension in one experiment. In another experiment the effect on phosphorus content was not significant. Sulphur uptake was not affected. In no case did sulphur prevent the occurrence of manganese deficiency and its use to increase manganese availability and hence barley yields on these soils is not justified.

Weeds in grain-lupins. 2. The response of narrow-leafed lupins to pre-emergence herbicides

1977 ◽  
Vol 17 (84) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Allen
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Lupinus Angustifolius ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Yield Reduction ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Significant Yield

Results are reported from 18 experiments in which pre-emergence herbicides were evaluated in narrow-leafed lupins, (Lupinus angustifolius). At all 11 sites south of Perth (latitudes 32�S to 35�S) there was a significant lupin grain yield response to herbicides (P<0.05). There was a significant yield increase at only one of the seven sites north of Perth (latitudes 28�S to 32�S). Significant yield increases were obtained on at least one occasion with alachlor 1.1, 2.2 kg a.i. ha-1; diuron 0.4, 0.8, 1.3 kg a.i. ha-1; linuron 1:1, 2.2 kg a.i. ha-1; simazine 1.1, 1.7, 2.4 kg a.i. ha-1 and trifluralin 0.5, 1.1 kg a.i. ha-1 (P<0.05). Diuron 0.8 kg a.i. ha-1; linuron 2.2 kg a.i. ha-1 and simazine 1.1, 1.7 kg a.i. ha-1 each resulted in a significant lupin yield reduction on one occasion (P<0.05).

Effect of foliar applied manganese on the growth of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) and the diagnosis of manganese deficiency by plant tissue and seed analysis

1986 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 567 ◽  
Author(s):  
DC Lewis ◽  
JD McFarlane
Keyword(s):  
Clay Soil ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
Manganese Deficiency ◽  
Mn Deficiency ◽  
Black Clay ◽  
Seed Analysis ◽  
Primary Stem ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The efficacy of foliar applied manganese (Mn) in preventing Mn deficiency in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L. cv. Gila) was assessed in a black clay soil in the South-East of South Australia. The application of Mn significantly increased seed yield? from 1040 to 1450 kg/ha, through an increase in the number of seeds per plant. Maximum yields were attained by a foliar application of 500 g/ha of Mn. In the youngest open leaf the critical nutrient range (CNR) for Mn was 9-13 8g/g, while for the upper primary stem a CNR of 2-3 8g/g was determined. The CNR for Mn in the seed was found to be 5-6 8g/g.

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