The Phosphorus Response of Eucalyptus Seedlings Grown in a Pallid Zone Clay Treated With Three Levels of Lime

1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 231 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Dell ◽  
JF Loneragan ◽  
D Plaskett
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Iron Deficiency Chlorosis ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Jarrah Forest ◽  
Phosphorus Status ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Complete Fertilizer

The responses of five Eucalyptus species (E. calophylla, E. globulus, E. maculata, E. marginata and E. resinifera) to four levels of calcium phosphate and three levels of lime (CaCO3) on a granitic pallid zone clay of pH 4.0 from a jarrah forest soil were examined in a glasshouse trial. In the presence of a complete fertilizer, except for lime and phosphate, seedlings made poor growth and had weak root systems with few fine roots. Application of calcium phosphate promoted shoot and root growth in all species. Application of lime had no effect on plant growth except at very high levels (7.1 g per kg soil), where it induced iron deficiency chlorosis in some species. All species achieved maximum yield with an application of calcium phosphate of between 30 and 300 mg per kg soil. Phosphorus concentrations in individual leaves and shoots were low (0.1-0.3%) and responded weakly to phosphate treatments. Phosphorus concentrations in stems responded strongly to increasing phosphate applications over the whole range of phosphate supply. We suggest that stem tissues may be used to indicate the phosphorus status of eucalypts.

scholarly journals Effect of Different Levels of I.B.A Concentration on Clonal Propagation of Eucalyptus Species in Ghana West Africa.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nana Yaw Sarpong ◽  
Frank Ofori Agyemang ◽  
Daniel E.K.A Siaw ◽  
Essakku Menason
Keyword(s):  
Butyric Acid ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Eucalyptus Grandis ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
P Value ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
Eucalyptus Urophylla ◽  
Four Levels

Abstract BackgroundIncreasing global wood demands have necessitated an overall push for cost-effective methods of vegetative propagation using cuttings. Vegetative plant propagation through cuttings although a breakthrough is mostly hampered with the inability of cuttings to root effectively to achieve maximum yield. Ten clones each of Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla (E. grandis x E. urophylla) and Eucalyptus pellita (E. pellita) were treated with Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) concentrations of 0 ppm (control), 2000 ppm, 3000 ppm and 4000 ppm respectively.ResultsOverall mean survival of cuttings was low (< 50%) for all concentrations of IBA used in this research. Survival rates of individual clones however varied from clone to clone. E. grandis x E. urophylla cuttings had the highest mean survival (43.39%) when treated with 2000 ppm of IBA and lowest mean survival (37.86%) when treated with 0 ppm. Results from the survival rates of E. grandis × E. Urophylla and Eucalyptus pellita cuttings were subjected to an Analysis of Variance test to identify any significant differences between hormone concentration and cutting survival. ANOVA results indicated that differences between cutting–IBA concentrations for E. grandis × E. Urophylla were significant (p=1.85x10-08) which is lower than standard p value (p=0.05) used in the test.For E. pellita (P) cuttings the highest mean survival (27.14%) was achieved when treated with 2000 ppm of Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). Individual clones however showed significant differences in survival. E. pellita clone P2 achieved the highest survival (52.68%) in the control experiment (0 ppm). Some clones i.e P51 and P82 achieved survivals of less than 10% in all four levels of IBAConclusionThe best surviving Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla clone (GH11) achieved a mean survival rate of 75% when the GH11 basal cutting was treated with 2000 ppm IBA. The results indicated that the production of clones with survival rates of less than 20% should be discarded since it makes no economic sense clones with survival rates of more than 40% should be planted out in the field to compare field performance with greenhouse survival.

Effect of sowing date on the uptake and utilisation of phosphorus by wheat (cv. Osprey) grown in central New South Wales

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Batten ◽  
N. A. Fettell ◽  
J. A. Mead ◽  
M. A. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Harvest Index ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Critical Concentration ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Sowing Date ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Sowing Time ◽  
Phosphorus Status ◽  
A Site

Experiments were sown at Cowra and Condobolin to determine the effect of sowing time (April–June) on the response to and utilisation of phosphorus by the wheat cultivar Osprey which requires vernalisation. Crops sown in April needed only 0–2 kg/ha of applied phosphorus to achieve 90% of the maximum yield for the site. This contrasts with crops sown at the traditional sowing time in May–June which needed from 11.5 kg P/ha, on a site with a moderate soil phosphorus status, to 36 kg P/ha, on a site with a very low soil phosphorus status, to produce 90% of the site maximum yield. Crops sown in April had higher yields and even without applied phosphorus accumulated more phosphorus (kg/ha) than crops sown in June with 40 kg P/ha. Crops sown in April had a lower dry matter harvest index, a lower phosphorus harvest index, produced less grain per kilogram of phosphorus in the shoots at maturity, and had a higher grain phosphorus concentration than crops sown in June. Grain protein was not affected by sowing date or the amount of phosphorus applied at sowing. At 90% of maximum dry matter yield shoots had 0.14–0.20% phosphorus at growth stage 30. The critical concentration of phosphorus in grain at 90% maximum grain yield increased with yield from 0.19 to 0.25% phosphorus. Farmers who sow wheat in April can achieve optimum yields with lower inputs of fertiliser phosphorus. However, this benefit will be offset by a lower phosphorus-use efficiency and more rapid depletion of phosphorus reserves from the soil.

Phosphorus nutrition of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) on Cockatoo Sands of the Ord River Irrigation Area

1985 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 649 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Bell
Keyword(s):  
Critical Concentration ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Irrigation Area ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Phosphorus Status ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

Yield response of field-grown Virginia Bunch peanuts to a range of soil phosphorus levels, determined using 0.5M NaHCO3 extractant, in the top 10 cm of the soil profile was evaluated on Cockatoo Sands of the Ord River Irrigation Area. Critical levels of soil phosphorus (required to attain 90% of maximum yield recorded in fertilized plots) was 7.3 ppm for pods and 7.9 ppm for kernels. Yield increases obtained with higher soil phosphorus status were due to increased pod number and kernel size. Trends in tissue phosphorus concentration in uppermost fully expanded leaves were monitored during the season, and critical concentrations for 90% of maximum pod yield were derived. The critical concentration (0.30% P, dry-weight basis) did not change with time during the vegetative phase of development, but declined in a linear fashion over time during reproductive development, from 0.27% P at 60 days after emergence to 0.12% P at 100 days after emergence.

Soil phosphorus status of organic farming in Flanders: an overview and comparison with the conventional management

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Van Den Bossche ◽  
S. De Neve ◽  
G. Hofman
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Conventional Management ◽  
Phosphorus Status

scholarly journals Effect of potassium and zinc on growth, yield and economics of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) cv. CO-34

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-297
Author(s):  
Pravin Singh ◽  
Kavita Aravindakshan ◽  
I. B. Maurya ◽  
Jitendra Singh ◽  
Bhim Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Tuber Yield ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Four Levels

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of different levels of potassium and zinc on growth, yield and economics of sweet potato. The experiment was laid out on clay and loam soil by adopting randomized block design with factorial technique (FRBD). The sixteen treatments consisted of combination of four levels of po-tassium (0, 80, 100 and 120 kg/ha through muriate of potash and four levels of foliar zinc (control i.e. water spray, 10, 20 and 30ppm) through zinc sulphate. The individual application of potassium 120 kg K2O/ha significantly in-creased the number of tubers per plant (4.60), average weight of tuber (275.31 g), length of tuber (16.77 cm), diam-eter of tuber (5.69 cm), tuber yield per plot (9.71 kg), tuber yield per hectare (49.04 t) respectively as compared to control. With the foliar application of zinc (30 ppm) significant increase in number of tubers per plant (4.18), average weight of tuber (234.73 g), length of tuber (18.12 cm), diameter of tuber (5.16 cm), tuber yield per plot (8.33 kg) and tuber yield per hectare (42.05 t) was recordedas compared to control. The treatment combination (120 kg K2O+30ppm Zn) recorded the maximum yield parameters i.e. chlorophyll content (37.00 mg/100 g), average weight of tuber (302.17 g), length of tuber (19.82 cm), diameter of tuber (5.97 cm), maximum tuber yield per plot (11.02 kg), tuber yield per hectare (55.67 t) and benefit-cost ratio (B: C ratio) of 4.22:1.While, the treatment (120 kg K2O+30ppm Zn) had the maximum number of tuber (4.86), minimum number of tuber was recorded in control. From the experi-ment, it appeared that application of potassium and zinc can be used to improve yield and higher net monetary re-turns of sweet potato.

Correlation of soil phosphorus tests with the response of irrigated perennial pasture to phosphorus fertilizer

1978 ◽  
Vol 18 (91) ◽  
pp. 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
AJ Montgomery ◽  
G Rubenis
Keyword(s):  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Response Functions ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽  
Soil Tests ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
P Values ◽  
Olsen P ◽  
Pasture Yield

The level of soil phosphorus and the response of irrigated perennial pasture to phosphorus fertilizer were measured on 33 sites in the Goulburn Valley of northern Victoria. Eleven of the 33 sites were found to have Olsen P values above 10 p.p.m. and Colwell P values above 30 p.p.m. Of these 11, 9 did not give a pasture response to superphosphate and 2 gave a relatively small response. Functions of the form Y = a - be-CX (where Y = total pasture yield over 12 months (t ha-1), X = rate of superphosphate application (t ha-1), and a, b and c are constants respectively denoting maximum yield, maximum response, and the rate at which maximum yield is approached) were fitted to the yield data from those sites at which a response did occur. b was found to be correlated with a number of soil tests, the highest correlation coefficient being -0.74 for Colwell P. a was significantly correlated with some tests (P < 0.01) but was generally less predictable, and c gave very low correlation coefficients with all soil tests.

Response of regional agricultural soil phosphorus status to net anthropogenic phosphorus input (NAPI) determined by soil pH value and organic matter content in subtropical China

Chemosphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 200 ◽  
pp. 487-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cen Meng ◽  
Huanyao Liu ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Yuyuan Li ◽  
Jiaogen Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Subtropical China ◽  
Phosphorus Status

Effects of Long-Term Compost and Fertilizer Application on Soil Phosphorus Status Under Paddy Cropping System

2004 ◽  
Vol 35 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 1635-1644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myungsu Park ◽  
Olayvanh Singvilay ◽  
Wansik Shin ◽  
Eunhee Kim ◽  
Jongbae Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Phosphorus Status

Osteoblast Behavior In Vitro in Porous Calcium Phosphate Composite Scaffolds, Surface Activated with a Cell Adhesive Plasma Polymer Layer

2012 ◽  
Vol 706-709 ◽  
pp. 566-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Nebe ◽  
Matthias Cornelsen ◽  
Antje Quade ◽  
Volker Weissmann ◽  
Friederike Kunz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Culture ◽  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Trauma Surgery ◽  
Plasma Polymer ◽  
Porous Scaffolds ◽  
Temperature Plasma ◽  
Composite Surface ◽  
Initial Adhesion ◽  
Four Levels

Synthetic materials such as bone substitutes are permanently under development for applications in orthopedic and trauma surgery. Our porous scaffolds were produced from ß-tricalcium phosphate (TCP) using the three dimensional (3D)-printing technology. After sintering the porosity and the pore size of the 3D printed scaffolds reached nearly 50 % and 500 µm, respectively. TCP scaffolds were additionally stabilized by infiltration with polylactic acid (PLA). Because PLA usually impeded cell adhesion we activated the composite surface with plasma polymerized allylamine in a low temperature plasma process. For cell investigations inside the scaffold we used a module system, where two porous discs can be horizontally fixed within a clamping ring. Thereby a 3D cell culture module with four levels and a maximal height of 10 mm was generated. Human MG-63 osteoblasts (ATCC) were seeded apically and placed in serum-containing DMEM. After 14 days of a static cell culture the cell ingrowth and mobility was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Osteoblast's initial adhesion and short time occupation of the surface is significantly improved on plasma polymer activated TCP surfaces, which could be a precondition for an enhanced colonization inside a calcium phosphate scaffold. Interestingly, the plasma functionalization of the pure TCP scaffold was possible and successful concerning cell acceptance.

Growth of Eucalyptus species in a Brown Kandosol, and changes in soil phosphorus fractionation following fertilisation

Soil Research ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terrence A. Short ◽  
Peter M. Kopittke ◽  
David R. Mulligan ◽  
Neal W. Menzies
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Soil Phosphorus ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Phosphorus Fractionation ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Eucalyptus Species ◽  
P Application ◽  
Fertiliser Application

As observed with many soils, much of the P in the Brown Kandosol soils of Weipa (Australia) is associated with organic matter. However, following bauxite mining, much of this organic matter is either lost due to mineralisation, or is ‘diluted’ by the mixing of the soil profile. Using a sequential P extraction, the partitioning of P following fertiliser application was examined in an ‘undisturbed’ (Surface) soil and a Mixed soil. In addition, the effect of split-P applications on the growth of 2 native Eucalyptus species was examined. Following its addition to the soil, much of the P was converted comparatively rapidly to forms with reduced availability; by the time of the first measurement (4 weeks) only approximately 10% of the added P remained as the readily available AER-P. For the Surface soil, much of this added P was initially converted to organic P (Po) (measured as hydroxide-Po), before progressively moving into the hydroxide-Pi fraction. In comparison, in the mixed soil, competition for P from microbial biomass was lower (due to a lower organic matter content) and the P was rapidly converted to the hydroxide-Pi fraction before moving to unavailable forms (residual P). Although the use of split-P applications was expected to increase plant growth, maximum growth of Eucalyptus tetrodonta and Eucalyptus leptophleba was generally achieved when all P fertiliser was applied in the first few weeks of growth. Indeed, splitting the P application beyond 16 weeks caused a significant reduction in growth.

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