Zinc seed treatments improve productivity, quality and grain biofortification of desi and kabuli chickpea (Cicer arietinum)

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aman Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
Faisal Nadeem ◽  
Abdul Rehman ◽  
Ahmad Nawaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Seed Coating ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Marginal Areas ◽  
Zn Concentration

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is a leading food legume primarily grown in marginal areas and consumed all over the world. However, its production is limited owing to zinc (Zn) deficiency in many chickpea-based cropping systems. This study was conducted over two years to evaluate the effect of Zn application through seed treatments on productivity and grain Zn biofortification of kabuli and desi chickpea types in Punjab, Pakistan. Pre-optimised doses of Zn were applied as (i) seed priming (0.001 m Zn) and (ii) seed coating (5 mg Zn kg–1 seed), using ZnSO4.7H2O (33% Zn). Hydropriming (soaking in water) and non-primed dry seeds were used as control treatments. Zinc seed treatments significantly improved leghemoglobin contents, nodulation, grain yield, grain Zn yield, grain bioavailable Zn, grain minerals and grain Zn concentration compared with control treatments in both chickpea types. During both years, kabuli chickpea receiving Zn seed coating had higher grain yield (2.22 and 2.73 t ha–1) and grain Zn yield (103 and 129 g ha–1) than kabuli receiving other treatments. Likewise, during both study years, maximum grain bioavailable Zn (4.58 and 4.55 mg Zn day–1) was recorded with Zn seed coating in both chickpea types. Kabuli chickpea had more grain bioavailable Zn than desi. With regard to seed treatments, desi chickpea was more responsive to Zn osmopriming, whereas kabuli was more responsive to Zn seed coating. In conclusion, Zn seed treatments, as seed priming and seed coating, are effective methods for improving the productivity, grain quality and Zn biofortification of both desi and kabuli chickpea.

MANGANESE NUTRITION IMPROVES THE PRODUCTIVITY AND GRAIN BIOFORTIFICATION OF BREAD WHEAT IN ALKALINE CALCAREOUS SOIL

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 744-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
AMAN ULLAH ◽  
MUHAMMAD FAROOQ ◽  
ABDUL REHMAN ◽  
MUHAMMAD SHAKEEL ARSHAD ◽  
HIRA SHOUKAT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Seed Coating ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Marginal Rate ◽  
Mn Concentration

SUMMARYManganese (Mn) is one important microelement for plants and the human beings. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of Mn nutrition in improving the productivity and grain biofortification of wheat. For optimization of Mn seed treatments, seeds were primed with 0.1 and 0.01 M Mn solution, or were coated with 250 and 500 mg Mn kg−1 seed. The optimized treatments were used in the second experiment replicated over time and space. In the first experiment conducted at Faisalabad during 2012–2013, maximum grain yield was recorded with Mn seed priming (0.1 M Mn solution), while maximum grain Mn concentration was recorded with foliar application of 0.75 M Mn solution and seed coating with 250 mg Mn kg−1 seed. In the second experiment, conducted at Faisalabad and Sheikhupura during 2013–2014, and at Faisalabad during 2014–2015, maximum grain yield and grain Mn concentration were recorded from seed priming with 0.1 M Mn solution. Regardless of method, Mn application improved the productivity and grain biofortification of wheat. Overall order of improvement in grain yield was seed priming (3.87 Mg ha−1) > foliar application (3.74 Mg ha−1) > seed coating (3.57 Mg ha−1). Regarding grain Mn concentration, the best treatment was seed priming (41.40 µg g−1) followed by seed coating (39.87 µg g−1) and foliar application (36.94 µg g−1). Maximum net returns and benefit-cost ratio were obtained with Mn seed priming, while maximum marginal rate of return was obtained with Mn seed coating. In conclusion, Mn application through seed treatments was cost effective for improving the productivity and grain biofortification of bread wheat in alkaline calcareous soil.

Zinc application enhances grain zinc density in genetically-zinc-biofortified wheat grown on a low-zinc calcareous soil

2018 ◽  
pp. 107-110 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Target Level ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Grain Zinc ◽  
Zn Availability ◽  
Zinc Application ◽  
Grain Zn Concentration

Human zinc (Zn) deficiency is a worldwide problem, especially in developing countries due to the prevalence of cereals in the diet. Among different alleviation strategies, genetic Zn biofortification is considered a sustainable approach. However, it may depend on Zn availability from soils. We grew Zincol-16 (genetically-Zn-biofortified wheat) and Faisalabad-08 (widely grown standard wheat) in pots with (8 mg kg−1) or without Zn application. The cultivars were grown in a low-Zn calcareous soil. The grain yield of both cultivars was significantly (P≤0.05) increased with that without Zn application. As compared to Faisalabad-08, Zincol-16 had 23 and 41% more grain Zn concentration respectively at control and applied rate of Zn. Faisalabad-08 accumulated about 18% more grain Zn concentration with Zn than Zincol-16 without Zn application. A near target level of grain Zn concentration (36 mg kg−1) was achieved in Zincol-16 only with Zn fertilisation. Over all, the findings clearly signify the importance of agronomic Zn biofortification of genetically Zn-biofortified wheat grown on a low-Zn calcareous soil.

Response of durum wheat to different levels of zinc and Fusarium pseudograminearum

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsin S. Al-Fahdawi ◽  
Jason A. Able ◽  
Margaret Evans ◽  
Amanda J. Able
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Zinc Efficiency ◽  
Fusarium Pseudograminearum ◽  
Zn Concentration

Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) is susceptible to Fusarium pseudograminearum and sensitive to zinc (Zn) deficiency in Australian soils. However, little is known about the interaction between these two potentially yield-limiting factors, especially for Australian durum varieties. The critical Zn concentration (concentration of Zn in the plant when there is a 10% reduction in yield) and degree of susceptibility to F. pseudograminearum was therefore determined for five Australian durum varieties (Yawa, Hyperno, Tjilkuri, WID802, UAD1153303). Critical Zn concentration averaged 24.6 mg kg–1 for all durum varieties but differed for the individual varieties (mg kg–1: Yawa, 21.7; Hyperno, 22.7; Tjilkuri, 24.1; WID802, 24.8; UAD1153303, 28.7). Zinc efficiency also varied amongst genotypes (39–52%). However, Zn utilisation was similar amongst genotypes under Zn-deficient or Zn-sufficient conditions (0.51–0.59 and 0.017–0.022 g DM μg–1 Zn, respectively). All varieties were susceptible to F. pseudograminearum but the development of symptoms and detrimental effect on shoot biomass and grain yield were significantly greater in Tjilkuri. Even though crown rot symptoms may still be present, the supply of adequate Zn in the soil helped to maintain biomass and grain yield in all durum varieties. However, the extent to which durum varieties were protected from plant growth penalties due to crown rot by Zn treatment was genotype-dependent.

Zinc nutrition in chickpea (Cicer arietinum): a review

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aman Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Farooq ◽  
Abdul Rehman ◽  
Mubshar Hussain ◽  
Kadambot H. M. Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Flower Abortion ◽  
Marginal Soils ◽  
Zn Availability

Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an important grain legume that is grown and consumed all over the world. Chickpea is mostly grown in rainfed areas and marginal soils with low available zinc (Zn); however, its productivity is affected by micronutrient deficiencies in soil, particularly Zn deficiency. Zinc is a structural constituent and regulatory cofactor of enzymes involved in various plant biochemical pathways. As such, Zn deficiency impairs plant growth and development by reducing enzyme activity, disturbing ribosomal stabilisation, and decreasing the rate of protein synthesis. Moreover, Zn deficiency induces flower abortion and ovule infertility, leading to low seedset and substantial yield reductions. Nonetheless, inclusion of chickpea in cropping systems (e.g. rice–wheat), either in rotation or intercropped with cereals, improves Zn availability in the soil through the release of phosphatases, carboxylates, and protons by roots and soil microbes. This review discusses the role of Zn in chickpea biology, various factors affecting Zn availability, and Zn dynamics in soil and chickpea-based cropping systems. The review also covers innovative breeding strategies for developing Zn-efficient varieties, biofortification, and agronomic approaches for managing Zn deficiency in chickpea. Strategies to improve grain yield and grain Zn concentration in chickpea through use of different Zn-application methods—soil, foliar and seed treatments—that are simple, efficient and cost-effective for farmers are also discussed. Screening of efficient genotypes for root Zn uptake and translocation to the grain should be included in breeding programs to develop Zn-efficient chickpea genotypes.

A COMPARISON OF THE EFFECTS OF MICRONUTRIENT SEED PRIMING AND SOIL FERTILIZATION ON THE MINERAL NUTRITION OF CHICKPEA (Cicer arietinum), LENTIL (Lens culinaris), RICE (Oryza sativa) AND WHEAT (Triticum aestivum) IN NEPAL

2005 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. E. JOHNSON ◽  
J. G. LAUREN ◽  
R. M. WELCH ◽  
J. M. DUXBURY
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Cicer Arietinum ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Soil Fertilization ◽  
Effect On Yield

Soil deficiencies of zinc (Zn) and boron (B) limit crop production in Nepal. Improving the micronutrient status of plants would increase yield and increase micronutrient content of the seeds, leading to better nutrition of the progeny crop and to improved human micronutrient nutrition. The primary micronutrient problem in grain legumes is B deficiency, while in rice (Oryza sativa), Zn deficiency is more important, and wheat (Triticum aestivum) suffers from both deficiencies. A series of field experiments was carried out over two seasons to compare soil fertilization and micronutrient seed priming as methods of improving Zn and B nutrition of each crop. Micronutrient treatments were evaluated for their effect on grain yield and grain micronutrient content. Soil B fertilization increased B content of the grain of lentil (Lens culinaris), chickpea (Cicer arietinum), and wheat by a factor of two to five, while increasing the yield of chickpea only. Soil fertilization with Zn had no effect on yield of any crop, but resulted in a small increase in Zn in wheat grain. Sowing micronutrient-primed seeds had no effect on yield or micronutrient content of the progeny seeds in most cases. During the first season, the primed chickpea seeds failed to emerge at either site, causing complete yield loss, but this negative effect was not observed in the second season with similar priming treatments at nearby sites, and no effect of priming on yield was observed with any other crop in either season.

scholarly journals Foliar application of nano-Zn and mycorrhizal inoculation enhanced Zn in grain and yield of two barley (Hordeum vulgare) cultivars under field conditions

2020 ◽  
pp. 475-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narjes Moshfeghi ◽  
Mostafa Heidari ◽  
Hamid Reza Asghari ◽  
Mehdi Baradaran Firoz Abadi ◽  
Lynette K. Abbott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Grain Zn Concentration

Zinc (Zn) deficiency is a global micronutrient problem in agricultural systems. The main target of this experiment was to investigate the effectiveness of foliar application of Zn under field conditions. Grain yield and Zn concentration in seed were assessed with three replicate plots per treatment in a factorial (2 x 3 x 2) experiment for two barley cultivars (Yusuf and Julgeh), three foliar ZnO applications (nano, ordinary and nano+ordinary ZnO) and two commercial inocula of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (F. mosseae and R. irregularis). Among all Zn foliar applications, Zn applied in both nano and nano+ordinary forms were labile and resulted in the highest Zn concentration in grain of both barley cultivars. Cultivar Julgeh had higher grain Zn concentrations than did cultivar Yusuf in the same treatments. Nano ZnO was more effective than the ordinary form of ZnO and had the highest potential to improve physiological traits, plant growth and yield parameters in both cultivars. There was also a positive impact of the nano form of ZnO on phytase activity and carbonic anhydrase concentration in both barley cultivars. Inoculation with commercial inocula of AM fungi also enhanced grain Zn concentration, with Julgeh more responsive to inoculation with F. mosseae, and Yusuf more responsive to inoculation with R. irregularis. Generally, the combined application of Zn and inoculation with AM fungi improved physiological traits, grain yield and Zn availability to these two barley cultivars grown under field conditions. Accordingly, the nano form of Zn positively enhanced shoot morphological parameters, physiological parameters and grain Zn concentration. Application of the nano form ZnO in combination with inoculation with AM fungi had the most beneficial effects on grain Zn concentration, so this combined practice may have potential to reduce the requirement for application of synthetic Zn chemical fertilizers.

scholarly journals Seed priming with zinc improves field performance of maize hybrids grown on calcareous chernozem

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gordana Tamindžić ◽  
Maja Ignjatov ◽  
Dragana Milošević ◽  
Zorica Nikolić ◽  
Ljiljana Kostić Kravljanac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Grain Zn Concentration

Highlights Seed priming with Zn resulted in an average increase of maize grain yield by about 18% compared to control, and by about 8.4 % compared to water priming. Zn-priming promoted plant growth and increased final plant height of three maize hybrids. Overall experiment plant growth parameters were correlated with grain yield components and grain yield Overall effect of seed priming on grain Zn concentration was significant, but it was increased by Zn-priming in two hybrids. Using the seeds with elevated Zn content can improve overall field performance of maize grown on calcareous chernozem.   Abstract Delivery of micronutrients to plants through seed priming improves seedling vigour and increase crops yields. Two-year filed trial was conducted in Pančevo, Serbia, with aim to study the effect of seed priming with zinc (Zn) on field performance of three maize hybrids on calcareous chernozem deficient in plant available Zn. Seed priming treatments were: control (without priming), water priming and priming with 4 mM zinc sulphate water solution . Seed priming had significant effect on early plant growth, plant height, yield components, grain yield and grain Zn concentration.  Zn-priming promoted plant growth and increased final plant height. Across two growing seasons with contrasting precipitation and three tested maize hybrids, Zn-priming resulted in an average increase of grain yield by about 18% compared to control, and by about 8.4 % compared to water priming. A significant relationship between plant growth parameters, grain yield components and grain yield was detected. Grain Zn concentration was increased by Zn-priming in two hybrids in the season with less precipitation and in one hybrid in the second season.. The results imply that using the seeds with elevated Zn content can improve overall field performance of maize grown on calcareous chernozem.

scholarly journals Mixed-cropping systems of different rice cultivars have grain yield and quality advantages over mono-cropping systems

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meijuan Li ◽  
Jiaen Zhang ◽  
Shiwei Liu ◽  
Umair Ashraf ◽  
Shuqing Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
T Test ◽  
Mixed Cropping ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality ◽  
Paired T Test

AbstractMixed-cropping system is a centuries-old cropping technique that is still widely practiced in the farmers’ field over the globe. Increased plant diversity enhances farmland biodiversity, which would improve grain yield and quality; however, the impacts of growing different rice cultivars simultaneously were rarely investigated. In present study, five popular rice cultivars were selected and ten mixture combinations were made according to the growth period, plant height, grain yield and quality, and pest and disease resistance. Seedlings of the five cultivars and ten mixture combinations (mixed-sowing of the seeds in an equal ratio, then mixed-transplanting and finally mixed-harvesting) were grown in plastic pots under greenhouse during the early and late growing seasons in 2016. Results showed that, compared with the corresponding mono-cropping systems, almost all combinations of the mixed-cropping systems have advantages in yield related traits and grain quality. Compared with the mono-cropping systems in the early and late growing seasons in 2016, mixed-cropping systems increased the number of spikelets per panicle, seed-setting rate, and grain weight per pot and harvest index by 19.52% and 5.77%, 8.53% and 4.41%, 8.31% and 4.61%, and 10.26% and 6.98%, respectively (paired t-test). In addition, mixed-cropping systems reduced chalky rice rate and chalkiness degree by 33.12% and 43.42% and by 30.11% and 48.13% in the early and late growing seasons, respectively (paired t-test). These results may be due to enhanced SPAD indexes and photosynthetic rates at physiology maturity in mixed-cropping systems. In general, it was found that mixed-cropping with different rice cultivars have potential for increasing grain yield and improving grain quality.

scholarly journals The Response of Wheat with Different Allele Statuses of the Gpc-B1 Gene under Zinc Deficiency

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1057
Author(s):  
Natalia Kaznina ◽  
Nadezhda Dubovets ◽  
Yuliya Batova ◽  
Anna Ignatenko ◽  
Olga Orlovskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Functional Allele ◽  
Introgressive Line ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
B1 Gene

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of zinc (Zn) deficiency on the growth and grain yield of wheat with different allele statuses of the Gpc-B1 gene. For this research, common wild emmer wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccoides (Koern. ex Asch. &Graebn.) Schweinf.), bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Festivalnaya), and two intogressive lines were used. T. dicoccoides and introgressive line 15-7-1 carry a functional allele of the Gpc-B1 gene, while the T. aestivum cv. Festivalnaya and introgressive line 15-7-2 carry the non-functional Gpc-B1 allele. Zn deficiency did not affect the shoot height or fresh weight of any of the studied plants. The only exception was T. dicoccoides, where a small decrease in shoot height was registered. Additionally, under Zn deficiency T. dicoccoides had an increase in flag leaf area, spike length, and dry weight, as well as in grain number and grain yield per spike. The other variants did not experience changes in the above-described parameters under Zn deficiency. Under Zn deficiency, the Zn concentration in the grains was higher in the plants with a functional allele of the Gpc-B1 gene compared to the plants with a non-functional allele. These results show that wheat with a functional allele of the Gpc-B1 gene growing under Zn deficiency is capable of grain production with a sufficient Zn concentration without a decrease in yield.

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