The effect of nitrogen fertilizer and irrigation frequency on a semi-dwarf wheat in south-east Australia. 1. Growth and yield

1980 ◽  
Vol 20 (104) ◽  
pp. 359 ◽  
Author(s):  
JL Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Natural Rainfall ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Yield Difference ◽  
Dwarf Wheat

An experiment in south-eastern Australia in 1971 examined the semi-dwarf wheat WW15 when grown with two rates of nitrogen fertilizer (nil, 112 kg N ha-1) and under four irrigation regimes. The irrigation regimes comprised natural rainfall only (293 mm), and 2, 3 or 7 flood irrigations, scheduled according to cumulative pan evaporation. Nitrogen fertilizer had little effect, but grain yield increased from 4.3 t ha-1 with no irrigation to 8.1 t ha-1 with 7 irrigations. Each increase in irrigation frequency produced a significant (P < 0.01) increase in grain yield. A greater individual grain weight contributed most to the yield difference between nil and 2 irrigations. More spikes m-2 contributed most to the yield increase with higher irrigation frequencies. Irrigations also increased plant height, dry matter, leaf area and the proportion of fertile shoots.

The effect of nitrogen fertilizer and irrigation frequency on a semi-dwarf wheat in south-east Australia. 2. Water use

1980 ◽  
Vol 20 (104) ◽  
pp. 365 ◽  
Author(s):  
JL Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Water Use ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
High Water ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Natural Rainfall ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Dwarf Wheat ◽  
Nitrogen Rates

The semi-dwarf wheat WW15 was grown under four irrigation frequencies and two nitrogen rates in the Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area of south-eastern Australia. The irrigation treatments, which were scheduled using pan evaporation and rainfall, ranged from natural rainfall alone to seven flood irrigations. Water use was determined using the water balance equation, and measurements or irrigation water applied, rainfall, change in soil-stored moisture, and surface drainage. The water-use figures were high in comparison with values obtained overseas, ranging from 408 mm with no irrigation to 818 mm at the highest irrigation frequency. Despite the high water use, water-use efficiency was comparable with that for semi-dwarf wheat in other parts of the world, with a mean value of 10.4 kg grain ha-1 mm-1. Nitrogen fertilizer had little effect on plant growth and no effect on crop water use.

Nitrogen rate and timing effects on growth and yield of drill-sown rice

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 1149 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. W. Dunn ◽  
T. S. Dunn ◽  
B. A. Orchard
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
N Recovery ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
The Impact

Eight rice experiments were established at two sites in the Riverina district of south-eastern Australia in the 2012–13 and 2013–14 seasons. Two semi-dwarf rice varieties were drill-sown and nitrogen (N) fertiliser (urea) was applied at different rates at the 4-leaf stage before permanent water (pre-PW) and at panicle initiation (PI). The research assessed the impact of timing of N application on grain yield, compared the apparent N recovery of N fertiliser applied at the two stages, and determined an application strategy for N to obtain consistently high grain yields for current, semi-dwarf rice varieties when drill-sown. The apparent N recoveries achieved were 59% for N applied pre-PW and 25% for N applied at PI, averaged across years, sites, varieties and N rates. Grain yield increased significantly with increased rate of N applied at both stages, but the rate of increase from N applied at PI decreased as the rate of N applied pre-PW increased. The grain yield increase for N applied pre-PW was due to increased number of panicles at maturity and increased number of florets per panicle. Nitrogen applied at PI increased dry matter at maturity and number of florets per panicle. Application of N at PI increased grain yield over that when no N was applied; however, at low PI N-uptake levels, application of N at PI is not enough to achieve high grain yields. Therefore, sufficient N should be available to the crop from a combination of soil- and pre-PW-applied N for the crop to reach a level of N uptake at PI whereby high yields can be achieved. Nitrogen applied at PI did not appear to increase the potential for cold-induced floret sterility as much as pre-PW-applied N. Further research is required to confirm this in other seasons and for other rice varieties.

scholarly journals Response of wheat cultivars to foliar potassium fertilization under irrigated saline environment

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 429-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kumar ◽  
A. Sarangi ◽  
D. K. Singh ◽  
A.R. Rao ◽  
S. Sudhishri
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Saline Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Potassium Fertilization ◽  
Yield Difference ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Heading Stage

A field experiment with split-split plot design (SSPD) was conducted to study the response of two winter wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) cultivars (viz. salt tolerant cultivar KRL-1-4 and salt non-tolerant cultivar HD-2894) under saline irrigation regimes with and without foliar potassium fertilization on growth and grain yield of wheat during rabi 2011-12 and 2012-13. Potassium in the ratio of K+: Na+ (1: 10) was applied as foliar application during the heading stage of the crop. Results showed that the grain yield of KRL-1-4 and HD-2894 cultivars with foliar potassium fertilization at the heading stage increased by 6.5 to 22% and 3 to 15% during rabi 2011-2012, respectively under different saline irrigation regimes as compared to the control. Moreover, the results of rabi 2012-13 showed an increase in grain yield ranging from 4.5 to 20% for KRL-1-4 as compared to the control. Statistical analysis of grain yield parameter showed that the foliar potassium application in both varieties resulted in significant yield difference at 0.05 probability level as compared to the non-foliar application. Overall, it was observed that the foliar potassium fertilization increased the grain yield of both wheat cultivars, while the salt tolerant cultivar performed better than the salt non-tolerant cultivar under irrigated saline regimes.

Productivity of crops grown on raised beds on duplex soils prone to waterlogging in Western Australia

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (11) ◽  
pp. 1368 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Bakker ◽  
G. J. Hamilton ◽  
D. J. Houlbrooke ◽  
C. Spann ◽  
A. Van Burgel
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Field Peas ◽  
Yield Difference ◽  
Raised Bed ◽  
Flat Ground

Waterlogging of duplex soils in Western Australia has long been recognised as a major constraint to the production of agricultural crops and pastures. The work described in this paper examines the application of raised beds to arable land that is frequently waterlogged for the production of crops such as wheat, barley, field peas, lupins and canola. Raised beds are 138 cm wide, seed beds separated by 45 cm wide furrows 183 cm apart. These beds were made with a commercial bed former. Seven sites were selected across the south-eastern wheat belt of Western Australia with the experimental areas varying in size from 10 to 57 ha. These large sites were used to accommodate commercial farm machinery. Each site had raised beds formed with a commercial bedformer. The production from the bedded areas was compared with crops grown conventionally on flat ground under minimum tillage as the control. The experiments were established in 1997 and 1998 and the sites were monitored for a maximum of 5 years. In 11 of the 28 site-years of the experiments, grain yields on the raised beds were statistically significantly higher than the yield from crops grown on the control, with an average yield increase of 0.48 t/ha. Across the whole dataset, growing crops on raised beds did not produce significantly lower yields. Below average rainfall was received for much of the experimental period at several sites. Growing season rainfall had a large effect on grain yield and high rainfall over a period of 40 days after seeding significantly increased the grain yield difference between the raised bed and the control. These data indicate that the use of raised beds lead to higher grain yields when seasonal conditions are appropriate.

scholarly journals Effect of nitrogen fertilizer and weed management on the yield of transplant aman rice

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Jyoti Adhikari ◽  
Abdur Rahman Sarkar ◽  
Md Romij Uddin ◽  
Uttam Kumer Sarker ◽  
Kawsar Hossen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Biological Yield

The research work was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during aman season from July to December 2015 to study the effect of nitrogen fertilizer and weed management on the growth and yield of transplant aman rice cv. BRRI dhan46. The experiment consisted of four fertilizer treatments viz. 0 kg N ha−1 (N0), 40 kg N ha−1(N1), 80 kg N ha−1(N2) and 120 kg N ha−1(N3) and four weeding treatments viz. one hand weeding at 20 DAT (W1), two hand weedings at 20 and 35 DAT (W2), three hand weedings at 20, 35 and 50 DAT (W3), weeding by Japanese rice weeder twice at 20 and 35 DAT (W4) and unweeded control (W5). The experiment was laid out in the randomized complete block design with three replications. The highest plant height (113.00 cm), number of total tillers hill−1 (8.74), number of effective tillers hill−1 (6.18), panicle length (21.98 cm), number of grains panicle−1 (114.20), grain yield (4.00 t ha−1), straw yield (5.25 t ha−1) and biological yield (9.25 t ha−1) were recorded in N2 (80 kg N ha−1) treatment. The lowest plant height (106.00 cm), number of total tillers hill-1 (7.20), number of effective tillers hill−1 (5.00), panicle length (20.70 cm), number of grains panicle−1 (97.60), grain yield (3.52 t ha−1), straw yield (4.46 t ha−1) and biological yield (7.97 t ha−1) were recorded from N0 (No nitrogen fertilizer control) treatment. On the other hand, the highest grain yield 4.23 t ha−1 was observed in three weedings condition because of the highest number of effective tillers hill−1 (6.81), number of grains panicle−1(111.10). The highest straw yield (5.51 t ha−1) was also found in three weeding condition. The lowest grain yield (3.40 t ha−1) was recorded in W5 (unweeded control) treatment. The lowest straw yield (4.31 t ha−1) was also observed in W5 (unweeded control) treatment because of the smallest plant (106.97 cm) and lower number of total tillers hill−1 (7.20). Therefore, 80 kg N ha−1along with three hand weedings at 20, 35 and 50 DAT may be used for obtaining the highest grain and straw yields of BRRI dhan46J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(1): 12-16, April 2018

scholarly journals Fertilizer responsiveness of short duration improved finger millet genotypes to different levels of NPK fertilizers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Triveni ◽  
Y. Sandhya Rani ◽  
T.S. S.K. Patro ◽  
N. Anuradha ◽  
M. Divya
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Finger Millet ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Npk Fertilizers ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Check Variety ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Plot Design

A field experiment was carried out at Agricultural Research Station, Vizianagaram, during Kharif, 2016 under rainfed conditions to know the fertilizer responsiveness of promising finger millet varieties to graded doses of NPK fertilizers. Twenty treatment combinations were tested in split- plot design with three replications. Experimental results revealed that with 125% RDF grain yield increase was 10%, 27% and 48% higher than 100% RDF, 75% RDF and 50% RDF respectively. Among the finger millet genotypes, grain yield of VL-379(2037 kg/ha) and VL-352(1989 kg/ha) was significantly high and was at par with national check variety VR-708(1959 kg/ha). Both the test varieties (VL-379 and VL-352) were far superior to local check variety in terms of growth and yield characteristics. Higher net monetary returns and B:C ratio were obtained with VL-379, followed by VR-708 and VL-352 at 125% RDF.

Seed Treatment and N Rate Do Not Impact Dry Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Plant Growth or Grain Yield in Ontario

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Boersma ◽  
Chris L. Gillard
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizer ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Plant Emergence ◽  
Yield Responses

Application of nitrogen fertilizer and commercial seed treatments are two strategies dry bean growers in Ontario utilize to manage root rot and maximize yields. However, data solidifying these practices is absent or outdated. Experiments were conducted at the Huron Research Station, near Exeter, Ontario, from 2008 to 2010 to measure plant growth and yield responses for navy, kidney, and cranberry dry bean market classes (cv. T9905, Pink Panther, and Etna, respectively) to seed treatment (NST – no seed treatment; CMBD – Cruiser Maxx Bean + Dynasty) and N fertilizer rates of 0, 35, 70, 105, 140 and 175 kg N ha-1. Plant measurements taken included plant emergence, vigour, height and maturity, plant and seed mass, and grain moisture and yield. Over three years, plant growth and yield responses to seed treatment and nitrogen fertilizer were very scarce. Plant emergence and vigour either improved or were not affected by seed treatment or N rate, while increasing N rates increased plant height of only Pink Panther in 2008. Plant mass was unaffected by either factor while seed treatment decreased days to maturity and grain moisture of T9905 in 2008. Nitrogen fertilizer improved the grain yield of Etna, with the highest yields occurring with 70 kg N ha-1 or more, while other cultivar site-years did not respond. Overall, these results demonstrate dry beans rarely respond to N fertilizer or seed treatment at the Huron Research Station. Additional testing over multiple years and locations would assist in predicting these responses.

The effect of nitrogen application time on Calrose rice growth and yield in south-eastern Australia

1985 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 183 ◽  
Author(s):  
PE Bacon
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Rice Plant ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
Application Time ◽  
Average Yield ◽  
Crop Response ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Eastern Australia

The effects of nitrogen application time on growth and yield of rice cv. Calrose were studied in a series of three experiments between 1976 and 1980. In one experiment, in which a combine-sown rice crop received three flood irrigations prior to permanent flood, rice plant growth and grain yield were increased significantly by reducing the interval between fertilization and permanent flood. The poor response to fertilization several irrigations prior to permanent flood was attributed to nitrogen losses following sequences of nitrification and denitrification. Maximum grain yield usually occurred when fertilizer was applied at permanent flood (average of three experiments, 860 g/m2 (8.6 t/ha). Fertilization at tiliering had little effect on crop response; average yield was 8.0t/ha, while unfertilized plots yielded 7.4 t/ha. In all experiments fertilization during the period 0- 10 days after panicle elongation resulted in very rapid nitrogen uptake, leading to an average grain yield (8.3 t/ha) which approached that obtained from plots topdressed at permanent flood. Fertilization more than 14 days after panicle elongation did not significantly increase yield.

The effect of (2-chloroethyl)trimethylammonium chloride (CCC) and presowing drought hardening on growth and grain yield of wheat

1972 ◽  
Vol 12 (54) ◽  
pp. 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Philpotts
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
New South ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Trimethylammonium Chloride ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Dryland Farming ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
Drought Hardening

The effects on the growth and yield of wheat of two seed treatments, dusting with CCC and presowing drought hardening (soaking and drying), were studied under dryland farming conditions. CCC increased grain yield by up to 88 per cent and the yield increase was due to an increase in the number of grains per fertile tiller. Protein content and bushel weight were unaffected by the treatment. Presowing drought hardening hid no effect on growth or grain yield. The yield increases obtained with CCC suggest that this growth regulator has a good potential for increasing wheat yield in the northern New South Wales wheat belt.

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