Water Relations and Composition of Wheat Ears Grown in Liquid Culture: Effect of Carbon and Nitrogen

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
EWR Barlow ◽  
GR Donovan ◽  
JW Lee
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Protein Nitrogen ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Grain Starch ◽  
Osmotic Potentials

Detached wheat ears were grown, under lighted controlled conditions, in liquid culture media containing different concentrations of sucrose and amino acid. Higher levels of sucrose in the culture medium resulted in decreased transpiration, with large accumulations of soluble sugar in the bracts. The sugar accumulations led to decreased total and osmotic potentials of the bracts, but turgor was maintained or increased. The concentration of sucrose or nitrogen in the culture medium had no significant effect on the water or osmotic potentials of the grain. Soluble sugar concentrations in the grain were not affected by increasing the sucrose concentration in the culture medium. Increasing the nitrogen level in the culture medium led to increased concentrations of total nitrogen and non- protein nitrogen in the grain. Higher protein levels in the grain resulted in increased water content but no significant changes in the water potential of the grain. The grain was the strongest nitrogen sink within the ear and, within the grain, starch and protein synthesis were independent of each other. Proline accumulated in the bracts and to a lesser extent in the rachis in response to the accumulation of soluble sugars and nitrogen rather than to the low osmotic or total water potentials. Little proline accumulated in the grain and this was presumed to be due to translocation from other parts of the ear rather than to in situ synthesis.

scholarly journals Sorption of Zinc by exopolysaccharides produced by liquid media of phytopatogenic fungi

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 2312-2317
Author(s):  
JUAN DIEGO VALENZUELA-COBOS ◽  
ANA GRIJALVA-ENDARA
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Mycelial Biomass ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Liquid Media ◽  
Liquid Culture Medium

Phytopathogenic fungi such as: Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Rhizopus stolonifer were cultivated in three different liquid culture media: LCC (glucose 40 g L-1 , yeast extract 3 g L-1 ), LC2 (glucose 40 g L-1 , yeast extract 3 g L-1 and tryptone peptone 2 g L-1 ) and LC3 (glucose 40 g L-1 , yeast extract 3 g L-1 and tryptone peptone 10 g L-1 ) under pH of 5.5 for the production of mycelial biomass and exopolysaccharides (EPS). The liquid culture medium (LC3) used in cultivation of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides showed the highest production of biomass (15.40 g L-1 ) and exopolysaccharides (3.40 g L-1 ). Exopolysaccharides (EPS) obtained from the liquid culture medium (LC3) of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides presented the highest absorption content of Zinc (56 mg g-1 ). The results presented that the exopolysaccharides (EPS) produced by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides showed the greatest biosorbent capacity of Zinc (Zn) using the culture medium with the highest amount of tryptone peptone.

scholarly journals Kandungan Protein Spirulina platensis Pada Media Kultur Dengan Konsentrasi Nitrat (KNO3 ) Yang Berbeda

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Saniyatul Ulya ◽  
Sri Sedjati ◽  
Ervia Yudiati
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Spirulina Platensis ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Nitrate Concentration ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Quality Measurement ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Protein Levels

 Spirulina platensis merupakan mikroalga hijau biru yang mengandung nutrisi protein tinggi sehingga banyak digunakan sebagai pakan alami. Pertumbuhan dan kandungan protein mikroalga dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya adalah pemberian makronutrien pada media kultur mikroalga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh pertumbuhan dan kandungan protein pada mikroalga S. platensis dengan pemberian konsentrasi nitrat yang berbeda. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak blok dengan tiga kali pengulangan. Perlakuan konsentrasi nitrat berbeda yang diberikan adalah 50 ppm, 100 ppm, dan 150 ppm. Perhitungan kepadatan dan pengukuran parameter kualitas air dilakukan setiap hari. Pemanenan dilakukan pada hari ke – empat. Kadar prorein dianalisis dengan menggunakan metode Kjedahl. Hasil penelitian pertumbuhan S. platensis menunjukkan nilai kepadatan sel S. platensis tertinggi pada hari ke – empat berada pada perlakuan C dengan konsentrasi nitrat 150 ppm (169,58 . 103 sel/mm3). Hasil analisis ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi nitrat berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan S. platensis (p < 0,05) namun perbedaan konsentrasi nitrat tidak berpengaruh pada kadar protein (p ≥ 0,05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa konsentrasi nitrat yang ditambahkan pada media kultur S. platensis berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan S. platensis namun tidak berpengaruh pada kandungan proteinnya.  Protein Content of Spirulina platensis in Different Culture Media with Nitrate (KNO3) Concentration Spirulina platensis is green-blue microalgae that contain high protein nutrient and could be used as natural food. Growth and protein content of microalgae are influenced by several factors and one of those is giving macronutrient to microalgae’s culture medium. The purpose of this research is to compare the growth and protein content of the S. platensis with different nitrate consentrations.The research design used was a completely randomized block design with three repetitions. The different nitrate concentration treatments were 50 ppm, 100 ppm and 150 ppm. Determination of density and water quality measurement parameters was done on daily basis. Spirulina platensis was harvested done on fourth day of culture. Protein levels were analyzed by Kjedahl method. The result of the S. platensis growth that the highest density on day fourth in C treatment with 150 ppm nitrate consentration (169,58 . 103 sel/mm3). The result of ANOVA analysis show that the concentration of nitrate affected on S. platensis growth (p < 0,05) but the difference of nitrate concentration wasn’t affected in protein analysis (p ≥ 0,05). Based on the result of this research, it can be concluded that the concentration of nitrate added to the S. platensis culture medium effectively and improved the growth of S. platensis but had no effect on the protein content. 

scholarly journals Evaluation of the effects of sugarcane molasses as a carbon source for Ankistrodesmus gracilis and Haematococcus pluvialis (Chlorophyceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 594-600
Author(s):  
L. H. Sipaúba-Tavares ◽  
M. G. Tedesque ◽  
B. Scardoeli-Truzzi
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
High Cell Density ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Haematococcus Pluvialis ◽  
Sugarcane Molasses ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Microalgae Culture ◽  
Alternative Carbon Source

Abstract Two species of Chlorophyceae, Ankistrodesmus gracilis and Haemotococcus pluvialis, were used to compare and evaluate the effect of sugarcane molasses as a carbon source. Highest cell density in the two microalgae culture media was obtained in commercial culture media (CHU12 and WC). During exponential growth (day 1 to day 10), high cell density in H. pluvialis was detected for E. crassipes culture medium ranging between 0.4 x 105 cells mL-1 and 1.7 x 105 cells mL-1. Culture media were fundamental for growth under mixotrophic cultivation. Sugarcane molasses showed different results for the two microalgae with regard to growth performance, lipid and protein levels. Rates were high for H. pluvialis except lipid at the end of the experiment. In fact, A. gracilis presented almost double the lipid levels. Sugarcane molasses may be an alternative carbon source in laboratory conditions.

scholarly journals In vitro Dendrobium nobile plant growth and rooting in different sucrose concentrations

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 780-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo T. de Faria ◽  
Fabiana N. Rodrigues ◽  
Luciana do V.R. Oliveira ◽  
Cláudio Müller
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
In Vitro Growth ◽  
Dendrobium Nobile ◽  
Modified Ms Medium ◽  
Dendrobium Nobile Lindl

Sucrose is a very important component in in vitro culture media, serving as a source of carbon and energy. In this paper, the rooting and in vitro growth of Dendrobium nobile Lindl (Orchidaceae) were studied using different sucrose concentrations (0 g L-1; 5 g L-1; 10 g L-1; 20 g L-1; 30 g L-1 and 60 g L-1), in a modified MS medium containing half the regular concentration of macronutrients at pH 5.8. Greater increases in plant height (4.21±0.6 cm) and high seedling multiplication (1:4) were observed in the 60 g L-1 sucrose treatment, even without the addition of plant hormones. Sucrose concentration in the culture medium did not influence in vitro plant rooting.

Effect of Nitrogen Source on Grain Development in Detached Wheat Heads in Liquid Culture

1978 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
GR Donovan ◽  
JW Lee
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Grain Development ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Nitrogen Concentrations ◽  
Grain Nitrogen

Detached wheat heads (8 days post anthesis) were grown in liquid culture using media containing various nitrogen sources at different concentrations. Grain development in terms of dry weight, nitrogen, starch and protein were equivalent whether the nitrogen was supplied as either a complete spectrum of amino acids or as glutamine, asparagine or ammonium nitrate. Where the concentration of nitrogen in the culture medium was varied while maintaining the sucrose concentration constant, no variations were observed in the rate of grain dry weight or starch accumulation. Nitrogen per grain and percentage grain nitrogen increased with increasing concentrations of nitrogen in the culture medium. Percentage grain nitrogen was higher in the 'high protein' cultivar Timgalen than in the 'low protein' cultivar WW 15 at equivalent nitrogen concentrations in the culture medium, but differences in percentage proteins were only small.

BIOSYNTHESIS OF RIBOFLAVIN BY EREMOTHECIUM ASHBYII: IX. GROWTH AND RIBOFLAVIN FORMATION AND THEIR RELATION TO THE UTILIZATION AND ASSIMILATION OF THE CONSTITUENTS OF THE LIQUID CULTURE MEDIA

1965 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. G. Osman ◽  
M. S. Chenouda
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Lipid Content ◽  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Total Lipid Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Lactic Acids

The major amount of riboflavin is formed when the mycelia reach a mature stage and the major carbon source is almost exhausted. While the riboflavin is being synthesized in larger quantities, the mycelial dry weight, the total nitrogen, and total lipid content decrease. The mobilized cell reserves may be those components which call upon the biosynthesis of the major amount of the vitamin. At the stage of growth where glucose is almost completely utilized an increase in the excretion of pyruvic and lactic acids from the mycelia into the culture medium occurs. This may partly explain the increase in the acidity of the culture medium at that stage.

scholarly journals Feasibility of the new method for orchid in vitro rooting using liquid and chemical sterilized culture medium under different sucrose concentration

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-269
Author(s):  
Beatriz Cristina de Oliveira ◽  
Maria Eduarda Barboza Souza de Oliveira ◽  
Jean Carlos Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Medium ◽  
Polyurethane Foam ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
In Vitro Rooting ◽  
Total Period ◽  
Semi Solid

Abstract The in vitro propagation of orchids is the only commercial large scale technique to obtain healthy and high quality plantlets with clonal origin. The use of new technologies in plant tissue culture systems could lead to efficiency increases and costs reduction of micropropagation systems. The main actual micropropagation system is based on semi-solid culture media solidified using agar, followed by sterilization using autoclaving, and cultivation under photomixotrophic conditions using sucrose as main source of energy to plant in vitro culture. We proposed in this study the use of new micropropagation system using chemical sterilized liquid medium using polyurethane foam as support and LED source of light in rooting stage of Miltassia ‘Shelobie Tolkien’. Thus, the objective of this research was to test different concentrations of sucrose, comparing the conventional semi-solid agar-based culture medium (control) and the use of liquid medium with polyurethane foam support. The following sucrose concentrations were used: 0, 7.5, 15, 22.5 and 30 g L-1. The experiment was conducted in a 2 × 5 factorial, in a completely randomized design with ten replications each over a total period of 105 days of cultivation. The chemical sterilization using ClO2 showed 100% of decontamination in all treatments. The use of liquid media with polyurethane foam showed better results than plants cultivated in agar medium, and can be used for replace agar-based for orchid in vitro rooting.

scholarly journals Micropropagación de plantas de lechosa en recipientes de inmersión temporal a partir de brotes axilares Micropropagation of papaya plants in temporary immersion recipients from axilary shoots

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariadne Vegas García ◽  
Yanet Sandrea ◽  
Ohitza Gonzalez ◽  
Andy Diaz ◽  
José Gerardo Albarran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Hydroponic System ◽  
Temporary Immersion ◽  
Liquid Culture Medium ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
El Sistema

<strong>Título en ingles: Micropropagation of papaya plants in temporary immersion recipients from axilary shoots</strong><p><strong>Título corto: Micropropagación de lechosa en recipientes de inmersión temporal.</strong></p><strong>Resumen: </strong>Se estandarizaron las condiciones de iniciación, multiplicación, enraizamiento y aclimatización de plantas hermafroditas de lechosa cv Maradol provenientes de brotes axilares, producidos en recipientes de inmersión temporal RITA<sup>®</sup>. En cada envase, contentivo de 200 ml de medio de cultivo líquido de Fitch, se colocaron cuatro brotes de 2 a 3 cm de longitud. Los biorreactores se conectaron a tres líneas de inmersión de 5, 2 y 1 min cada 4h y se colocaron 6 envases en promedio por línea, en condiciones de fotoperíodo de 16 h. Transcurridos 30 a 45 días, se cuantificaron los brotes y se clasificaron de acuerdo al tamaño: &lt; 2 cm (pequeños), entre 2 a 3 cm (medianos),  ˃ 3 cm con y sin raíz (grandes). Los dos primeros tipos de brotes se continuaron multiplicando en los mismos medios; y los más elongados se aclimatizaron utilizando el Sistema Autotrófico Hidropónico (SAH). Se determinó la sanidad y la fidelidad de las plantas producidas mediante pruebas de ELISA y RAPD, respectivamente. Durante un periodo de 6 meses se reciclaron un total de 47 recipientes, los cuales produjeron 1.091 brotes: 377  pequeños; 482 medianos; 175 grandes sin raíz y 57 con raíz. Usando el SAH se obtuvo 89,5% de plantas aclimatizadas cuando se usaron brotes enraizados, y 41,6% a partir de brotes sin  raíces. Con la combinación de las técnicas RITA y SAH se logró un sistema continuo y eficiente de producción de plantas sanas y fieles al tipo, en comparación con los métodos convencionales de micropropagación y aclimatización.<p><strong>Palabras clave</strong>: <em>Carica papaya</em>, RITA<sup>®</sup>, sistema autotrófico, estabilidad genética.</p><p><strong>Abstract: </strong>We standardized initiation, multiplication, rooting and acclimatization conditions of papaya cv Maradol hermaphrodite plants from axillary buds produced in temporary immersion reactor RITA<sup>®</sup>. Recipients contained 200 ml of Fitch liquid culture medium, and four shoots of 2 to 3 cm. in length were placed in each. The bioreactors were connected to three different immersion lines of 5, 2, and 1 min each 4h,  with 6 containers per line on average, in 16 h photoperiod. After 30 to 45 days, the shoots produced were quantified and classified according to size: &lt;2 cm (small), from 2 to 3 cm (medium), &gt;3 cm with or without roots (large). The first two types of shoots were multiplied in the same culture media, and more elongated shoots were acclimatized using Autotrophic Hydroponic System (AHS). The sanity and fidelity of the produced plants were determined using ELISA and RAPD, respectively. For a period of six months 47 vessels were recycled and 1,091 shoots were produced: 377 small; 482 medium; 175 large without roots and 57 rooted shoots. Using AHS, 89.5% acclimatized plants were obtained when rooted shoots were used, and 41.6% from rootless shoots. With the combination of RITA and AHS techniques we achieved a continuous and efficient production of healthy and true to type papaya plants, in comparison to conventional micropropagation and acclimatization procedures.</p><p><strong>Key words</strong>: <em>Carica</em><em> papaya</em>, RITA<sup>®</sup>, autotrophic system, genetic stability.</p><p><strong>Recibido:</strong> mayo 16 de 2014<strong>   Aprobado: </strong>abril 21 de 2015</p>

scholarly journals Influence of sucrose concentration in the culture medium on the condition of the photosynthetic apparatus of grapes cultured in vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 04003
Author(s):  
Maria Sundyreva ◽  
Anton Rebrov ◽  
Alisa Mishko
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Photosynthetic Apparatus ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Photosynthetic Genes ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Oxidative Processes ◽  
Stress Formation

An influence of different sucrose concentrations in the culture media on the photosynthetic parameters, photosynthetic apparatus related genes expression, oxidative processes and acclimation of grape plants cultured in vitro was examined in this article. An increase of the sucrose concentration in the culture media resulted in a reduced expression of several photosynthetic genes. The most effective functioning of the photosynthetic apparatus was discovered by a decreased amount of surcose in culture media. An increase of the sucrose concentration in the culture media disrupts pigments synthesis, particularly carotenoids, which can be a cause of the secondary oxidative stress formation and grape plants growth reduction during acclimation.

Pertumbuhan Dan Perkembangan Anggrek Dendrobium anosmum Pada Media Kultur In Vitro Dengan Beberapa Konsentrasi Air Kelapa

Agrologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tuhuteru ◽  
Meity L Hehanussa ◽  
Simon H.T Raharjo
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Water Concentration ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Orchid Species ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Dendrobium anosmum is one of natural orchids in Indonesia. Optimization of medium composition for orchid propagation through in vitro culture is necessary to enhance propagule multiplication capabilities and quality. This study was aimed to study the influence of concentration of coconut water in culture medium on in vitro growth and development of D. anosmum orchid species and to determine the optimal coconut water concentration in culture media.  The experiment were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design with four treatments and eight replications. The treatments consisted of the addition of coconut water with concentrations: 0 ml•l -1 (control), 50 ml•l-1, 100 ml•l-1 and 150 ml•l-1. The results showed that addition of coconut water in culture medium gave different effect on shoot growth and multiplication of D. anosmum orchids.  Coconut water concentration of 100 ml•l-1 was the best concentration for growth and multiplication of D. anosmum orchids, based on both shoots and roots growth, plantlet height and wet weight.

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