Estimating Food Intake by Captive Emus, Dromaius Novaehollandiae, by Means of Sodium-22 Turnover.

1985 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 455 ◽  
Author(s):  
RM Herd
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Reliable Method ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Dromaius Novaehollandiae ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Food Consumed

The rate of 22Na turnover was measured in 4 captive emus each fed on 3 diets. There was a close relationship between 22Na turnover and the intake of dietary sodium (r = 0.92), DM (r = 0.93), gross energy and metabolizable energy (r = 0.94). DM intake, estimated from 22Na turnover, accounted for 89% of the variation in actual DM intake, and suggested that 22Na turnover could provide a reliable method for estimating food consumption by populations of free-living emus. However, estimates of food consumed by individual animals may not be reliable.

The effect of genotype and sex on the patterns of protein accretion in pigs

1996 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Thompson ◽  
F. Sun ◽  
T. Kuczek ◽  
A. P. Schinckel ◽  
T. S. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Exponential Function ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Confidence Bands ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Protein Deposition ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Food Consumed

AbstractProtein accretion curves were derived using food intake, growth and body composition data from a total of 320 pigs, which comprised castrated males and gilts from five genotypes. The 32 pigs from each genotype/sex subclass were offered ad libitum a series of isoenergetic diets (13·8 MJ metabolizable energy per kg) designed to provide a non-limiting intake of nutrients and to allow maximum protein deposition rates. Four pigs from each subclass weren slaughtered at each of the live weights (kg) 25, 44, 65, 85, 100, 115, 130 and 150. Daily food intake (dF/dt) was described as an increasing exponential function of age (t), live weight (W) as an increasing exponential function of cumulative food consumed (F), and protein weight (Pr) as an allometric function of live weight (W). The rate of protein accretion in the body of pigs [d(Pr)/dt] was calculated as d(Pr)/dt = (dF/dt).(dW/dF).(dPr)/dW). Bootstrap procedures were used to estimate standard errors for the food intake, growth and compositional parameters and to obtain the confidence bands for the dependent variables (dF/dt, W, Pr and d(Pt)/dt).Protein accretion rate as a function of live weight was curvilinear, increasing to a maximum, then decreasing with increasing live weight. There were significant differences between subclasses in the maximum rate of protein accretion, although there was no relationship between this rate and the live weight, stage of maturity, or age at which maximum protein accretion occurred. Describing protein accretion as a multiplicative function of food intake, food efficiency and the partitioning of nutrients in the body allowed changes in the magnitude and shape of the protein accretion curve to be ascribed to one, or a combination, of the above mechanisms.

scholarly journals Associations Between Depressive Symptoms, Appetite and Food Intake Among Hospitalized Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 919-919
Author(s):  
Amos Rogozinski ◽  
Anna Zisberg
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Functional Decline ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Established Risk Factor ◽  
Hospitalized Older Adults ◽  
Inadequate Food Intake ◽  
Food Consumed

Abstract Inadequate food intake is common among hospitalized older adults and is linked to negative hospitalization outcomes, including functional decline and mortality. Depression is a well-established risk factor in inadequate food intake in the community but its role in food consumption during hospitalization is poorly studied. To examine the associations between depressive symptoms, appetite and the quantity of food consumed by older inpatients, we conducted a secondary data analysis of 724 hospitalized adults aged 69 to 95 using a prospective cohort dataset: Hospitalization Process Effects on Functional Outcomes and Recovery. Depression was evaluated with Tucker’s Short Zung Instrument at time of admission. Food intake and appetite were examined daily for three consecutive days, using self-reports of food consumed at breakfast, lunch and supper, based on the nDay Express Questionnaire. Approximately 40% of respondents reported eating half or less than half of each meal. The risk of depression was prevalent among a third of respondents, 54% of whom were identified at high risk of depression. The association between depression and inadequate food intake was found to be negative [F(2,716)=9.00 ,p=0.000 ,η2=0.025]. Low appetite was significantly linked to reduced food consumption [β=-0.39, t=-12.06, p=0.000] and made a considerable contribution to the explained variance of food consumed [F-change (1,717)=145.41 , p=0.000]. Finally, decreased appetite partially mediated the association between depressive symptoms and food intake during hospitalization (B=-0.001, UCI=-0.001; LCI=-0.002). These findings contribute to the understanding of inadequate food intake during hospitalization and indicate the importance of screening for depression among hospitalized older adults.

Digestion of Eucalyptus Andrewsii Foliage by the Common Ringtail Possum, Pseudocheirus Peregrinus.

1984 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 605 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJ Chilcott ◽  
ID Hume
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Pseudocheirus Peregrinus ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Nutritional Studies ◽  
Ringtail Possum

Mature common ringtail possums, Pseudocheirus peregrinus, maintained body weight when offered Eucalyptus andrewsii foliage as their sole diet. The ringtails consumed 30.9 g.d-� or 41.8 g.kg-0.75.d-� of dry matter, with a mean apparent digestibility of 59%. Mean digestibilities of E. andrewsii foliage fibre fractions were 45% (neutral-detergent fibre), 44% (acid-detergent fibre), 48% (hemicellulose), 59% (cellulose) and 26% ('lignin'). The significant digestibility of the 'lignin' of E. andrewsii foliage means that lignin cannot be used as an indigestible marker in nutritional studies of arboreal folivores consuming eucalypt leaf diets. The apparent digestibility of energy was 50%. The mean intake of digestible energy was 436 kJ.kg-0.75.d-� and of metabolizable energy 345 kJ.kg-0.75.d-�. Urinary energy loss averaged 23% of digestible energy intake or 12% of gross energy intake. These results are discussed in relation to the likely energy requirements of captive and free-living ringtail possums and the importance of Eucalyptus foliage in the field diet of free-living ringtails.

True and apparent metabolizable energy values of lucerne and yellow maize in adult roosters and mature ostriches (Struthio camelus)

1994 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Cilliers ◽  
J. P. Hayes ◽  
J. S. Maritz ◽  
A. Chwalibog ◽  
J. J. du Preez
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Dietary Treatment ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Gross Energy ◽  
Dietary Component

AbstractIn an experiment involving 30 roosters and 15 mature male ostriches the apparent metabolizable energy (ME) values, corrected for zero nitrogen retention (AMEn), were determined by balance method for maize and lucerne meal. A group of 10 roosters received maize as the sole dietary component. For the second group of 10 roosters a blend of 750 g/kg maize and 250 g/kg lucerne was prepared. The diet of the third group consisted of 500 g/kg maize and 500 g/kg lucerne meal. The ostrich basal diet consisted of 1000 g/kg lucerne, and was blended in the ratios 50 lucerne: 50 maize and 25 lucerne: 75 maize. Each dietary treatment was given to five ostriches, individually housed in metabolism crates. Food intake and excreta collection was carried out over a period of 5 days after the ostriches had been accustomed to the diets for 7 days. For roosters food intake and excreta collection lasted for 72 h after an adaptation period of 24 h.The AMEn value for maize was 14·49 (s.e. 0·046) MJ/kg in roosters while in ostriches AME,, values of 14·3 (s.e. 1·81) and 14·5 (s.e. 0·845) MJ/kg for the 500 g/kg inclusion and 250 g/kg inclusion respectively were found.In roosters lucerne meal yielded AME,, values of 4·49 (s.e. 0·506) and 4·05 (s.e. 0·321) at 250 g/kg and 500 g/kg inclusion levels respectively. For the ostriches a value of 8·9 (s.e. 0·755) Mj/kg was found for lucerne.True ME, corrected for zero nitrogen retention, (TMEJ was computed by regressing gross energy output on gross energy input over all feeding levels. Maize yielded values of 14·65 (s.e. 0·0455) and 14·9 (s.e. 0·351) for roosters and ostriches respectively while corresponding values for lucerne were 4·03 (s.e. 0·118) and 8·6 (s.e. 0·296) MJ/kg.It was concluded that the ostriches were capable of digesting a high starch diet such as maize to the same extent as adult roosters but ostriches were capable of digesting a high fibre ingredient such as lucerne meal much more efficiently.

FOOD CONSUMPTION OF CHILDREN AGED 1 TO 5 IN PHUOC VINH WARD, HUE CITY BY 24 HOURS FOOD RECORDING

2015 ◽  
pp. 153-161
Author(s):  
Thi Bach Yen Hoang ◽  
Thi Hai Pham ◽  
Dinh Tuyen Hoang ◽  
Thi Huong Le ◽  
Van Thang Vo
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Consumption Survey ◽  
Food Consumed

Food consumption survey is an essential parts of nutrition surveys. It helps to determine the type and quantity of food consumed, assessing the balance of the diet, the relationship between nutrient intake and health, diseases, and economic status, culture society... There are many methods to investigate food consumption. 24-hour food record is a method that record all food consumed by the subject during previous 24 hours. Using this method in chidren helps to assess the their diet to see if it responses the demand in order to have proper nutrition. Objectives: 1. Calculating the number of each food groups consumed within 24 hours of children 1 to 5 years in Phuoc Vinh ward, Hue City; 2. Assessing the quality of their diet and some related factors. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was implemented on 200 pairs of children aged 1 to 5 and parents or caregivers living in Phuoc Vinh ward, Hue city and some related factors. Results: 82% of the children’s diets covered 4 food groups. Prevalence of glucide, protein, lipide out of the total energy intake were 44.1%, 19.5%, 36.3% respectively within group of 12-<48 months and 50%, 19.5%, 30.6% respectively within group of 48-<72 months. Total energy and protein intake were higher than demanded (p <0.05) while glucide and lipide were lower than demanded (p <0.05). Economical status of family was significant associated with variety of food (all 4 food groups) in the diet of children (p <0.05) and total energy consumed (p <0.05). Conclusion: The children did not have proper nutrition so further research need to be implemented to have suitable interventions. Key words: 24 hours food records, children aged 1 to 5, Hue city.

scholarly journals Prediction of metabolizable energy values in poultry offal meal for broiler chickens

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 2237-2245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edney Pereira da Silva ◽  
Carlos Bôa-Viagem Rabello ◽  
Luiz Fernando Teixeira Albino ◽  
Jorge Victor Ludke ◽  
Michele Bernardino de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Collection Method ◽  
Gross Energy

This research aimed at generating and evaluating prediction equations to estimate metabolizable energy values in poultry offal meal. The used information refers to values of apparent and true metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen balance (AMEn and TMEn) and for chemical composition of poultry offal meal. The literature review only included published papers on poultry offal meal developed in Brazil, and that had AMEn and TMEn values obtained by the total excreta collection method from growing broiler chickens and the chemical composition in crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), mineral matter (MM), gross energy (GE), calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P). The general equation obtained to estimate AMEn values of poultry offal meal was: AMEn = -2315.69 + 31.4439(CP) + 29.7697(MM) + 0.7689(GE) - 49.3611(Ca), R² = 72%. For meals with high fat contents (higher than 15%) and low mineral matter contents (lower than 10%), it is suggest the use of the equation AMEn = + 3245.07 + 46.8428(EE), R² = 76%, and for meals with high mineral matter content (higher than 10%), it is suggest the equations AMEn = 4059.15 - 440.397(P), R² = 82%. To estimate values of TMEn, it is suggested for meals with high mineral matter content the equation: TMEn = 5092.57 - 115.647(MM), R² = 78%, and for those with low contents of this component, the option is the equation: TMEn = 3617.83 - 15.7988(CP) - 18.2323(EE) - 96.3884(MM) + 0.4874(GE), R² = 76%.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Robustness of Biomarkers of Dairy Food Intake in a Free-Living Population Using Single- and Multi-Marker Approaches

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 395
Author(s):  
Katherine J. Li ◽  
Kathryn J. Burton-Pimentel ◽  
Elske M. Brouwer-Brolsma ◽  
Edith J. M. Feskens ◽  
Carola Blaser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Generalized Linear Model ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Intervention Studies ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Targeted Metabolomics ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Dairy Food ◽  
Dairy Foods ◽  
Single Marker

Studies examining associations between self-reported dairy intake and health are inconclusive, but biomarkers hold promise for elucidating such relationships by offering objective measures of dietary intake. Previous human intervention studies identified several biomarkers for dairy foods in blood and urine using non-targeted metabolomics. We evaluated the robustness of these biomarkers in a free-living cohort in the Netherlands using both single- and multi-marker approaches. Plasma and urine from 246 participants (54 ± 13 years) who completed a food frequency questionnaire were analyzed using liquid and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The targeted metabolite panel included 37 previously-identified candidate biomarkers of milk, cheese, and/or yoghurt consumption. Associations between biomarkers and energy-adjusted dairy food intakes were assessed by a ‘single-marker’ generalized linear model, and stepwise regression was used to select the best ‘multi-marker’ panel. Multi-marker models that also accounted for common covariates better captured the subtle differences for milk (urinary galactose, galactitol; sex, body mass index, age) and cheese (plasma pentadecanoic acid, isoleucine, glutamic acid) over single-marker models. No significant associations were observed for yogurt. Further examination of other facets of validity of these biomarkers may improve estimates of dairy food intake in conjunction with self-reported methods, and help reach a clearer consensus on their health impacts.

scholarly journals Effect of ultraprocessed food intake on cardiometabolic risk is mediated by diet quality: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. bmjnph-2020-000225
Author(s):  
Jennifer Griffin ◽  
Anwar Albaloul ◽  
Alexandra Kopytek ◽  
Paul Elliott ◽  
Gary Frost
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Occupational Cohort

ObjectiveTo examine the effect of the consumption of ultraprocessed food on diet quality, and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) in an occupational cohort.DesignCross-sectional.SettingOccupational cohort.Participants53 163 British police force employees enrolled (2004–2012) into the Airwave Health Monitoring Study. A total of 28 forces across the UK agreed to participate. 9009 participants with available 7-day diet record data and complete co-variate data are reported in this study.Main outcome measuresA CMR and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension score were treated as continuous variables and used to generate measures of cardiometabolic health and diet quality. Secondary outcome measures include percentage of energy from fat, saturated fat, carbohydrate, protein and non-milk extrinsic sugars (NMES) and fibre grams per 1000 kcal of energy intake.ResultsIn this cohort, 58.3%±11.6 of total energy intake was derived from ultraprocessed (NOVA 4) foods. Ultraprocessed food intake was negatively correlated with diet quality (r=−0.32, p<0.001), fibre (r=−0.20, p<0.001) and protein (r = −0.40, p<0.001) and positively correlated with fat (r=0.18, p<0.001), saturated fat (r=0.14, p<0.001) and nmes (r=0.10, p<0.001) intake . Multivariable analysis suggests a positive association between ultraprocessed food (NOVA 4) consumption and CMR. However, this main effect was no longer observed after adjustment for diet quality (p=0.209). Findings from mediation analysis indicate that the effect of ultraprocessed food (NOVA 4) intake on CMR is mediated by diet quality (p<0.001).ConclusionsUltraprocessed food consumption is associated with a deterioration in diet quality and positively associated with CMR, although this association is mediated by and dependent on the quality of the diet. The negative impact of ultraprocessed food consumption on diet quality needs to be addressed and controlled studies are needed to fully comprehend whether the relationship between ultraprocessed food consumption and health is independent to its relationship with poor diet quality.

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