‘An increasingly familiar tragedy’

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Bednarek
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Item ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
The World ◽  
Appraisal Analysis

Evaluation — the function and usage of language to express the speaker’s or writer’s opinion — has only relatively recently become the object of systematic linguistic research, for example in stance or appraisal analysis. This paper proposes an alternative, corpus-based approach to evaluation which assumes that there are at least ten different meaning dimensions (parameters) along which speakers can evaluate aspects of the world. This framework helps to explain the complexity of evaluation, and in particular what is here called evaluative interplay or combination: the expression of more than two evaluative parameters at the same time, which can be realized by evaluative conflation (evaluations signalled by one and the same linguistic item) and evaluative collocation (evaluations signalled by different linguistic items). Both the parameter-based framework and evaluative interplay are illustrated with a number of examples from authentic discourse (mostly from British newspapers).

Googleology for second language learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 453-469
Author(s):  
Patrizia Giampieri
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Language Learners ◽  
Second Language Learning ◽  
Second Language Learners ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Advanced Search ◽  
The World ◽  
Google Search

Abstract The World Wide Web has often been considered too vast to be consulted for linguistic purposes or for language learning. This paper will explore whether second language learners can be taught how to navigate the web (i.e., how to perform Google linguistic research, or “Googleology”), in order to improve their language skills. To this aim, a 2 h trial lesson was organized. The trial lesson was delivered to 78 apprentices, divided into groups of 10–15, over a period of six months. During the lesson, the participants were taught how to work with Google Advanced Search syntax. At the end of the lesson, they applied the newly-acquired skills by completing a few tasks concerning term and/or collocational search. The paper findings will highlight that, despite initial hesitation or inaccuracies in completing the exercises, the tasks were performed well. The participants considered the lesson interesting, useful and enjoyable. They felt engaged irrespective of the level of their second language (L2) knowledge, and were more confident in approaching Google Search for linguistic purposes.

scholarly journals Axiologically dominant concept „Egocentrism” in the French phraseological picture of the world

2020 ◽  
pp. 86-95
Author(s):  
L. V. Shapovalova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Self Esteem ◽  
Life Goals ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Life Evaluation ◽  
Self Interest ◽  
The World ◽  
To Come

The article deals with the basis of atropocentric cognitive-communicative paradigm of linguistic research, which developed in the XXI century; the most frequently used French phraseological units are analyzed in order to single out the axiologically dominant concept of the French phraseological picture of the world objectified in them and to build its model.Based on the study, it was found that the axiological dominant concept of the French phraseological picture of the world is the frame „Egocentrism”.The selected phraseological units are divided into groups that represent slots in the structure of the frame "Egocentrism". Each slot features individual elements of meaning, illustrated with idioms, that verbalize them.The isolated idioms convey such components of the meaning of the concept „Egocentrism” as the existence of their own rules of life, evaluation of something by its own rules, different ways of evaluating the same, self-interest, pretentiousness, behavior or opinion based on self-interest contempt for enemies, selfishness, independence of judgment, confidence in their own beliefs, their own way, subjectivity of judgments, firmness in their own position, pride, life goals and priorities, inflated self-esteem about themselves and their nation. All of the selected idioms have an assessment or evaluation in their meaning or represent an action based on their own needs, interests, priorities, selfishness, self-confidence, pride or other manifestations of their own ego, which actualizes their value aspect.An analysis of about 1,550 of the most commonly used French idioms allows us to come to conclusions about the hierarchy of axiologically dominant concepts in the French phraseological picture of the world and about the content and structure of the frame “Egocentrism” based on phraseological units that represent it.

LEXICO-SEMANTIC AND STYLISTIC IMPLEMENTATION OF THE VALUES IN ADMINISTRATIVE DISCOURSE

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
YANKINA ELENA V. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
The World ◽  
Fundamental Categories ◽  
Colloquial Speech ◽  
The Relationship

This article is devoted to identifying and describing the main lexical-semantic and stylistic ways of implementing the values in dialogical communication of the basic pair "manager-subordinate". The paper describes the fundamental categories of axiology "value" and "evaluation", also shows the relationship between values and evaluation. The relevance of the chosen topic is determined by the anthropocentric approach of modern linguistic research, as well as by the existing need to supplement with one more descriptive fragment of the world value picture with the linguistic analysis of the actualized values in administrative discourse. The identification of the main lexical-semantic and stylistic ways of implementing values is carried out on the basis of dialogical communication between the manager and subordinates, examples of which are taken from the colloquial speech, as well as Russian fiction of the second half of the 20th century. In the study the author concludes that in the administrative discourse, values as well as anti-values (as opposition) are lexically actualized by means of certain nouns, verbs, adjectives, pronouns, and also adverbs. As for the stylistic ways of actualizing values, we include interrogative, exclamatory sentences, anaphora, and imperative among them.

Ontwikkelingen en Problemen Bij Automatisch Vertalen

1984 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 59-71
Author(s):  
A.G. Sciarone
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Automatic Translation ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
The World ◽  
Translation Systems ◽  
Made In

In the fifties and sixties a great deal of money and time was spent on the development of automatic translation systems. Because of the meagre results and sombre perspectives all large scale research projects were abandoned. The eighties show a renewed interest in the field of automatic translating. It is, therefore, a valid question whether old problems have been solved and new perspectives have been uncovered. A critical analysis shows that progress has been made in the domains of hardware (speed of data processing and data storage) and the organisation of data. The basic linguis-tic problems have not, however, been solved. Linguistic research that is not first and foremost directed at descriptive (instead of representational) problems and at fundamental problems such as the relation between syntax, semantics and knowledge of the world is subject to the same fate as the research into automatic translating in the fifties.

Introducing French Anglicisms

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valérie Saugera
Keyword(s):  
World Wide Web ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Lingua Franca ◽  
International Language ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
The World ◽  
Linguistic Behavior ◽  
French Words

Since French Anglicisms readily conjure up the Académie française, the introductory chapter presents purist views on Anglicisms, which tend to be implicitly political (Anglicisms as an allegory for the decline of French as an international language) and explicitly lexical (substitution of French words with English words). The raison d’être of this book was to provide an objective linguistic analysis that would test the myth, discussed here, that Anglicisms are lexical polluters, a myth magnified by the advent of the World Wide Web and the use of English as its lingua franca. The linguistic behavior of the resulting lexical items in the lexicon and morphology of French is the topic of this book, as, mainly because of this purism, linguistic research on these words has not been intensively pursued in France.

scholarly journals Branding China to the World: A Pilot Study on China in the 2009 UN Copenhagen Climate Change Conference

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1,2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangfeng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
News Article ◽  
Appraisal Theory ◽  
Discursive Construction ◽  
Daily News ◽  
Image Construction ◽  
The World ◽  
Appraisal Analysis ◽  
China Daily

This study pilots an appraisal analysis of news articles on environmental reports from China Daily, with its twofold purpose to 1) examine the ideological discursive construction of China’s image in China Daily, and 2) show how attitudes encoded in news articles can be unveiled through the use of linguistic tools provided by the appraisal theory of Martin and White. The results showed that the contrast of a positive China vs. a negative US constituted a dominant pattern in the analyzed article on Copenhagen conference, which coincided with the "otherization" strategy in Western press. It is also showed that the appraisal analysis conducted in this paper was very productive and strong in revealing the image of China constructed in the China Daily news article analyzed, as well as the detailed way of the image construction through lexicogrammatical items of affect, judgment and appreciation. 

scholarly journals Eponyms in science terms (Epistemological aspect)

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 01016
Author(s):  
Dmitriy Koshlakov ◽  
Marina Khokhlova ◽  
Galina Tsareva ◽  
Galina Garbuzova
Keyword(s):  
Special Relativity ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Abstract Concepts ◽  
Scientific Object ◽  
Language Of Science ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
The World ◽  
Halley's Comet ◽  
History Of ◽  
Epistemological Aspect

The paper is devoted to eponyms used in scientific discourse. The concept of the eponym is borrowed from linguistic research. The term is understood from epistemological standpoint. It is stated that eponyms realize two functions in the language of science – cognitive and communicative. It is also stressed that to some extend eponyms connect two worlds – the world of ideas and the world of people, or, more specifically, the world of abstract concepts and the world of scientists, who study these abstract concepts. Historical examples (cases) demonstrating some features of functioning eponyms are given and discussed. The main historical example for the study is the history of discovering Lorentz’s transformations, which had a significant impact on forming the theory of special relativity. In addition, the paper gives the analysis of some other examples, in particular, related to such terms as Halley's comet, L'Hospital rule, Russell's paradox. It is noted that the fact of discovering some scientific object by one or another scientist in general is not the only reason for forming an eponym containing the name of this scientist. The formation of eponyms is influenced by many other factors, including social and political ones.

scholarly journals THE NATIVE LAND IN OLEKSII DOVHYI’S LINGUISTIC VIEW OF THE WORLD

2020 ◽  
pp. 98-106
Author(s):  
O. Strokal
Keyword(s):  
Poetic Language ◽  
Native Land ◽  
Spatial Characteristics ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Component ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Linguistic Units

The article found that the main component of a person’s view of the world are certain ideas about reality, which are formed in the mind of man in the form of concepts. Within the view of the world, such a basic value is defined as a «concept». The concept is interpreted in the study as a certain form of representation and understanding of knowledge in the mind of man. It is stated that the object of linguistic research is the specific linguistic forms of expression of concepts and ideas that express in the artistic text the author’s understanding of reality. Such linguistic units have two functions – representing the author’s worldview and shaping the worldview of the reader, influencing him. In the OleksiiDovhyi’s poetic language the outlook of his lyrical hero is represented by a series of tokens that denote groups of realities related to the image of his native land. In the conceptual view of the world of the author’s lyrical hero, this image is a sacred locus, a place rich in glorious history, filled with beautiful people, a place where history and the present are combined for the author against the backdrop of untouched nature. In some poetic contexts, the author sacralises the image of the native land by means of a series of units for the designation of environmental phenomena, which describe the external manifestations of certain objects of nature, their spatial characteristics in order to maximize their visualization.

scholarly journals АПОЗИТИВНА СИНТАКСЕМА ЯК ВИРАЗНИК ТРОПЕЇЧНИХ ЗНАЧЕНЬ У ХУДОЖНЬОМУ ТЕКСТІ

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-69
Author(s):  
Ірина Рабчук
Keyword(s):  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
The World

The article focuses on the fact that modern Ukrainian linguistic research is mainly devoted to the functioning of appositive epithets and metaphors syntaxemes in the poetical type of the belles-letters style. Therefore, the aim of the paper is an attempt at a comprehensive analysis of the tropical meanings of the appositive syntaxeme proper and semi-predicative appositive syntaxeme in texts of in prose and poetical belles-letters style, as well as a description of their stylistic roles. The article reveals that, in most cases, appositive syntaxemes are epithets, similes, and metaphors. Іt has been found that in belles-letters text, the appositive syntaxeme in detached and non-detached positions can take the form of the following tropes: personification, oxymoron, paronomasia, antithesis, amplification. Moreover, it is capable of expressing irony and sarcasm. The author records the cases of the use of semi-predicative appositive syntaxemes in the roles of synecdoches, periphrases and hyperboles. The author concludes that all appositive syntaxemes with tropical function create bright images of human characters as well as the other creatures, objects and phenomena that surround them. They allow writers to convey their thoughts, attitudes, and the peculiarities of their perception of the world.

scholarly journals Reflecting national identity in universal concepts

2021 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 02013
Author(s):  
Larisa Nikolaevna Aleshina ◽  
Irina Aleksandrovna Zaytseva ◽  
Evgeniy Sergeevich Smakhtin ◽  
Elena Anatolyevna Gilovaya ◽  
Svetlana Sergeevna Lapshina
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Linguistic Unit ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Common Understanding

The issue of reflecting national mentality in the linguistic worldview continues to be relevant as each people has its own specific mindset and common mood related to moral and ethical features of its formation. The article describes a national concept as a complete combination of thought, religions, cultural traditions, folklore that form a conceptual sphere of a language. Therefore, studying the reflection of national identity in the concepts seems to be essential, as the concept itself is a key category in linguistic research of viewing the world through language. The main purpose of this study is to perform a comparative analysis of conceptual spheres of the Russian and English languages. To achieve this purpose we set several tasks: to characterize peculiarities of expressing the key concepts sovest’/conscience, dobro/good, pravda/truth, krasota/beauty in speech; to identify extralinguistic factors fostering common understanding of the conceptual spheres being analyzed in the Russian and English linguistic worldviews. The article uses a complex research methodology, which combines descriptive and analytical methods, as well as the opposition technique and structural and semantic analysis of a word. The paper concludes that only those connotations of the concepts that become a symbol referring to a certain perspective of national mentality are ethnoculturally essential. In the conceptual spheres of English and Russian, key notions defining value systems of these cultures play a significant role. Evolution of material and spiritual culture is reflected in a concept as a single linguistic unit.

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