ГЕНЕЗА ДУМИ ПРО БРИТАНКУ ЮРІЯ ЯНОВСЬКОГО В КОНТЕКСТІ ТРАДИЦІЙ РАДЯНСЬКОЇ ДРАМАТУРГІЇ

The specificity of this article is the consideration not only of the completed text entitled A Duma about Brytanka, but also of the play-forming and creating process, which became possible due to the presence of drafts and draft notes to the work. Therefore, this study is conducted not only in along the lines of literary theory, but also textology. The relevance of the study is that the view from above allows us to comprehend, or even rethink, the play A Duma about Brytanka in the context of the author’s work and also in the context of the Soviet drama landscape in general. Understanding and rethinking the work of predecessors is an important process for comprehending the development of literature as a general process and its development within the national borders. The aim of the study at hand is to determine how the realities of the time and especially the accepted literary trend and historical events influenced the formation of the text of the play. The results of the study show that the original idea of A Duma about Brytanka had much more romantic features, as romanticism as a style of thinking was inherent for Yuri Yanovskyi. However, in the process of creating the play, the author began to rely on the documents that showed the real case of the social republic. The author abandoned the original version and completed the play so that it became much closer to the Soviet canon than to romanticism.

„TRZECI JĘZYK” W PRZEKŁADZIE: SZCZEGÓLNY PRZYPADEK OBCOŚCI NIEOBCEJ

The aim of the paper is to discuss the strategies used when translating inserts in the “third language” (L3). I focus on the situation where the “third language” remains fully understandable for the recipient of the source text. I will present the strategies for translating the Ukrainian text with Russian incrustations into Polish against a comparative background of other language triads.

ПРОКЛИНАННЯ ЯК РИТУАЛ І ФЕНОМЕН МІФОПОЕТИКИ ЗАЧАРОВАНОЇ ДЕСНИ ОЛЕКСАНДРА ДОВЖЕНКА

This article deals with the problem of curses and mythologically poetic stylistics withth e example of O. Dovzhenkos’ film “The Enchanted Desna”. It is a typical lyrical story. This work is the author’s attempt to folklorize (lyricize) the genre of cinema through rich synonymy (contextual synonyms), versatile characteristics with comparisons, and occasional expressions (lyrics, curses). All aspects of linguistic colorization of the text constitute the multicultural space of the text, and the multidimensional nature of the poetics of the work. Therefore, one of the very characteristic features of Oleksandr Dovzhenko’s stylistic system is the synthesis of pre-Christian and Christian myths and pre-war reality. This is well illustrated by the rich, synonymous story of a small boy and mature artist (the concept of duality). All this brings the style of Dovzhenko’s new romance to the style of the impressionist Mikhail Kotsubinsky (in this context, we recall the “Apple Flower”).

ПЕРЕДЧУТТЯ КІНЦЯ: КРИЗА МОДЕРНОГО СВІТОВІДЧУТТЯ В РОМАНІ ВІКТОРА ДОМОНТОВИЧА БЕЗ ҐРУНТУ

The article is devoted to the evolution of Victor Domontovych’s creative thinking in his last novel Without Foundation. This work of art became a resume of his writing and an intertext for his philosophical and culturological research in scientific and critical articles from this period. The basic theme of this novel is the end of the epoch; the author addresses the theme of the exhaustion of modernity’s value and aesthetic systems, which formed the basis of his early artistic works. The analysis of Domontovych’s perception of the epoch boundary, his exhaustion of the cultural paradigm of modernism and the embodiment of his conclusions in the works make the research relevant, especially in terms of the changing landmarks of modern global culture. The research is based on the structural-semiotic methodology of literary text interpretations, which allows the different levels of the text organization to be reviewed, thus reaching wider cultural generalizations. This study helps to better understand the author’s concept of the culture crisis and the poetics of the novel Without Foundation.

ТЕОРЕТИЧНІ ПІДХОДИ ДО ВИВЧЕННЯ СТАВЛЕННЯ ДО МОВИ

This article focuses on the analysis of the scientific literature on investigating language attitude, theoretical approaches to the language attitude analyzed, the core paradigms of investigation connected to studying and distinguishing of language attitude presented, as well as the importance of data gathered regarding language attitudes and the specific nature of the language attitude studies in Ukraine that are analyzed. Studying language attitudes is popular, as the language which is investigated has numerous sociocultural functions, and knowledge of language attitudes helps to achieve success in language policy planning. Moreover, influences on linguistic personality and language attitudes allow evaluation not only of the loyalty to a particular language, but also the functional value of each of these. Language attitude is an instrument which allows successful language policy to be constructed, and also informs about the language identification of speaker, as well as about language status and prestige.

СТІЙКІСТЬ, ВАРІАТИВНІСТЬ І ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ УКРАЇНСЬКИХ ПРИСЛІВ’ЇВ

The article considers the problem of proverb stability and modifications, and the difference between the terms modification and transformation. The author draws a conclusion that standard modifications within the national paremiological corpus can not be perceived as textual or occasional modifications. They should be taken as systemic variations within language norms that exist in the mind of native speakers, do not add another semantic meaning and are not recognized by native speakers as proverb deformations. Differences between proverbs (sayings of edifying character, which contain the centuries-old experience of the people) and anti-proverbs (the authors consider anti-proverbs to be the semantic antithesis of proverbs) are highlighted. The authors pay special attention to the study of the semantics of proverbs and their transformants to identify relevant semantic and cognitive characteristics. The productive transformation of classical proverbs convinces of the heredity of folk wisdom, the change in the deep meaning, and the formal plan of the original proverbs testifies to their adaptation to new social and historical conditions and values.

АНГЛІЙСЬКЕ ВЛАСНЕ ІМ’Я JACK І ПОХІДНІ ВІД НЬОГО ЕПОНІМИ: ГНІЗДОВЕ ДОСЛІДЖЕННЯ

The English name Jack is one of the most common names in English-speaking countries, which has become a derivate for a large number of derived eponyms. The lack of a comprehensive study of this word family determines the relevance of our research. The article is made within the framework of comparative-historical linguistics, lexical semantics, and onomastics. The article aims to explore the structure of the derivative-semantic word family with a stem anthroponym eng. Jack. As a result, the structural types of secondary word family constituents and the main directions of semantic evolution of the creative lexeme and its common nouns derivatives, including phraseological units, were identified. All derived eponyms of the name Jack were divided into the following micro-families: representatives of living nature (males, plants, animals), inanimate objects (mechanisms – any things that have replaced human labor or with which something can be done) and an intermediate link of lexemes denoting the image of a man.

ZOOINWEKTYWY W RÓŻNYCH ODMIANACH JĘZYKA POLSKIEGO I UKRAIŃSKIEGO

Appelatives having an insulting function have been used since the earliest times. Nowadays, they are present in standard language and in substandard types of language (sociolects). The aim of the article is to show that animal-related invectives are more and more frequently usedin order to express negative emotions towards the receiver. In Polish and Ukrainian, the number of animal-related invectives increases but also semantics of the words broaden as the meaning of those words originally referred to the name of a given animal. The lexemes were analyzed and divided into two groups: names of animals that have several meanings, but some of them overlap (pl. baran – ukr. бapaн, pl. cap – ukr. цaп, pl. krowa – ukr. кopoвa) and names that have completely different meanings in the two languages (pl. wydra – ukr. видpa, pl. larwa – ukr. ляpвa, pl. szakal – ukr. шaкaл).

МОВНА ІДЕНТИЧНІСТЬ ЕТНІЧНИХ СПІЛЬНОТ У КОНТЕКСТІ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ МОВНОЇ СИТУАЦІЇ

The article outlines the main sociolinguistic parameters of collective language identity. The role of such constructs as ethnicity, statehood, linguistic and cultural value is considered in terms of the formation of language identity. The approach to the analysis here was chosen with taking account of the post-totalitarian specifics of the language situation in Ukraine. The correlation between ethnolanguage and national language identity has been traced. Determinants such as language status, language vitality, sociolinguistic capacity of communities and institutional support are taken into consideration. The importance of language management and language planning in the country and innovative principles of European language policies (language tolerance, language integration, preservation of endangered languages and emphasis on language rights) are underlined as points of reference for focusing on the language identity of ethnic communities. Theoretical substantiation of the concepts “ethnolinguistic identity” and “national (state) language identity” is offered.

КОМУНІКАТИВНИЙ МЕТОД У ПРОФЕСІЙНО-ОРІЄНТОВАНОМУ ПІДХОДІ ДО НАВЧАННЯ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ МОВИ ІНОЗЕМНИХ СТУДЕНТІВ МЕДИЧНИХ СПЕЦІАЛЬНОСТЕЙ

The way the communicative method functions in a professionally oriented approach to teaching Ukrainian foreign students of medical specialties has been little studied, and that determines the relevance of this topic. It has been found that there is a controversy in scientific thought concerning the role of both communicative and grammar components of teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language. Moreover, modern textbooks do not provide sufficient exercises to develop professional communication. The purpose of this study is to investigate the application of the communicative method in a professionally oriented approach to teaching Ukrainian (as a foreign language), and to develop appropriate exercises and tasks. The conclusion is that in the process of learning to communicate in a foreign language, it is important for students to present and master grammatical material. Samples of tasks and exercises aimed at developing the communicative and grammar competence of foreign medical students in professional communication are presented.