Social meanings of honorific / non-honorific alternations in Korean and Japanese

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiri Lee ◽  
Young-mee Yu Cho
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Selection Process ◽  
The Other ◽  
Social Meanings ◽  
Relative Status ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Address Terms ◽  
Media Data ◽  
Speech Situation

The use of honorifics in Korean and Japanese is generally dictated by social factors such as age, status, and gender (Sohn 1999, Kuno 1987). Honorifics are marked by a well-defined repertoire of linguistic elements, including address-terms, specialized vocabulary, and verbal suffixes. Depending on the relationship between the interlocutors, an honorific form is chosen over the other available forms. Recently, researchers have been questioning whether the choice is wholly dependent on the relative status, or if other factors play a role in the selection process (Strauss and Eun 2005, Dunn 2005, Yoon 2015). This study focuses on the honorifics productively encoded by verbal suffixes. Unexpectedly, continual shifts between verbal suffixes are observed in a single speech situation. Based on the analyses of media data, we identify a set of social meanings encoded by these shifts. Furthermore, we show that Silverstein’s notion of “indexical order” (Silverstein 2003) is crucial for accounting for suffix alternation.

Gender Inequality in Work Organizations

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-99
Author(s):  
Safak Oz Aktepe
Keyword(s):  
Gender Equality ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
The Other ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Work Organizations ◽  
Hrm Practices ◽  
Gender Diverse ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Two Sides

In this chapter, the author aims to present, through a review of literature, that the gender equality assumption of the human resource management (HRM) approach is not taken for granted. It seems there exist two sides of the same coin, one representing the HRM approach and the other representing the gendered approach to HRM practices. This chapter reviews HRM practices in work organizations as the potential facilitator of gender inequalities in organizations. In addition, the contentious function of HRM practices in maintaining gender inequalities within work organizations is reviewed. In spite of knowing the implication of HRM practices on being a gender-diverse organization, there remain few studies on the relationship between HRM practices and gender inequality in work organizations. Such research will add a different perspective to HRM practices and contribute to the awareness related to the gendered nature of organizations and their organizational practices.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Employees’ Current Salary: Multivariate analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Svjetlana Vranješ
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Previous Experience ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Experience Education ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship

Using a sample size of 200 R&D employees, this paper examines the relationship between the current salary and starting salary, previous experience, education, employees’ age and gender. The results provided by this study show that current salary is positively associated with employees’ salary at the beginning of the career and years of education. The author finds strong evidence that current salary is negatively associated with employees’ age, previous experience and gender. Furthermore, conducting cluster analysis, results provide two different groups. The first group consists of employees who are more likely to be included in the clerical type of jobs and the second group is specific to the other types of job.

Introduction

Pradyumna ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Christopher R. Austin
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Individual Body

This chapter presents to the reader the initial and rudimentary facts about Kṛṣṇa’s son Pradyumna, and offers a hypothesis on why this figure of Hindu mythology has been so poorly studied. This requires a review of the relationship between the monograph’s two most important sources—the Sanskrit Mahābhārata and its appendix, the Harivaṃśa. Brief synopses of the seven individual body chapters are provided, followed by an articulation of the two dominant thematic patterns discovered by the study: (a) an evolving cooperation in the mythology of Pradyumna between three aspects of his character—as an erotic figure (lover), master of illusory subterfuges (magician), and double of his father Kṛṣṇa (scion of the avatāra); and (b) the social and gender commitments that conspired to produce a masculine ideal of a mutually implicating sexual and violent power, each embodied as a mode of the other in the persona of Pradyumna.

Displaying and negotiating identity through the hair bow: A case study of child celebrity JoJo Siwa and her social media fans

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-71
Author(s):  
Fiona Andreallo
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
News Media ◽  
Gender Performance ◽  
Social Meanings ◽  
Media Reports ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ways Of Being ◽  
Geographical Locations

Abstract This cultural case study examines the hair bow as a key element of identification and gender performance for child celebrity JoJo Siwa and her fans. Siwa fans are represented as exclusively female and include girls (newborn‐12 years old) and their mothers identifying from the geographical locations of United States, United Kingdom, Australia and New Zealand. The methods of this research include social semiotic discourse analysis complemented by archival research. Between 8 July and 11 October 2017 fan and celebrity interactions were observed on the Siwa official Facebook page and collected. To complement and contextualize these observations, news media reports, and observations of Siwas official YouTube channel and Instagram accounts were collected from 2 January to 13 November 2017. The data were examined with two key sets of interdependent questions in mind: How is the hair bow depicted by Siwa and how do the fans depict the bow? How is the relationship between Siwa and her fans depicted on social media through the bow? The findings suggested three key themes of meaning attached to the hair bow: gender, innocence and empowerment. The findings suggest that the hair bow signals femininity, but that this historically is not limited to a female body. The JoJo Bow Facebook fan community limits femininity as exclusively female. For these fans the JoJo Bow signifies an exclusive mother‐daughter bond. Social meanings attached to the hair bow (including the JoJo Bow) both enable and constrain ways of being for the wearer.

scholarly journals Humor and Performing Gender on TV Cooking Shows

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-146
Author(s):  
Keri Matwick ◽  
Kelsi Matwick
Keyword(s):  
Status Quo ◽  
The Other ◽  
Interactional Sociolinguistics ◽  
Personal Stories ◽  
Cooking Shows ◽  
The Media ◽  
Female Host ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract A central aspect of humor is its social function in relating to others and in performing gender. Drawing on insights from interactional sociolinguistics and gender studies, this article explores the relationship between humor and gender in the context of one US instructional tv cooking show The Pioneer Woman. The gender element, while essential to performed humor, is often neglected in research on humor, language, and the media; therefore, this paper looks into how humor is signaled in the cooking show individually and jointly. Humorous joking of the female host Ree Drummond is discussed, specifically self-directed humor and teasing as expressed in personal stories and exaggeration. The ambiguity of the humorous messages reveals contradictory messages: on the one hand, self-deprecating humor reveals feelings of inadequacy for not meeting gendered status quo, and on the other hand, teasing and self-deprecation function as a persuasive strategy to promote the celebrity’s cooking and brand.

scholarly journals Alcoholics Anonymous: The Maoist Movement in Jharkhand, India

2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 1095-1117 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALPA SHAH
Keyword(s):  
Political Mobilization ◽  
Eastern India ◽  
Subaltern Studies ◽  
Internal Politics ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Meanings ◽  
Maoist Insurgency ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Maoist Movement ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractFrom millenarian movements to the spread of Hindu rightwing militancy, attacks on adivasi (or tribal) consumption of alcohol have gone hand-in-hand with the project of ‘civilizing the savage’. Emphasizing the agency and consciousness of adivasi political mobilization, subaltern studies scholarship has historically depicted adivasis as embracing and propelling these reformist measures, marking them as a challenge to the social structure. This paper examines these claims through an analysis of the relationship between alcohol and the spread of the Maoist insurgency in Jharkhand, Eastern India. Similar to other movements of adivasi political mobilization, an anti-drinking campaign is part of the Maoist spread in adivasi areas. This paper makes an argument for focusing on the internal diversity of adivasi political mobilization—in particular intergenerational and gender conflicts—emphasizing the differentiated social meanings of alcohol consumption (and thus of prohibition), as well as the very different attitudes taken by adivasis towards the Maoist campaign. The paper thus questions the binaries of ‘sanskritisation’ versus adivasis assertion that are prevalent in subaltern studies scholarship, proposing an engagement with adivasi internal politics that could reveal how adivasi political mobilization contains the penetrations of dominant sanskritic values, limitations to those penetrations and other aspirations, such as the desire for particular notions of modernity.

scholarly journals Labour Market Returns and Wage Inequality: New Evidence for Europe

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Sequeira ◽  
Marcelo Santos
Keyword(s):  
Wage Inequality ◽  
Returns To Education ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wage Distribution ◽  
Market Returns ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Returns To Tenure ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Distribution In Europe

<p>We study the relationship between returns to education and the wage distribution in Europe and we find evidence for a new fact: A hump-shaped relationship between returns and the wage distribution. This hump-shaped relationship between returns to education and the wage distribution means that investments on education contributes to increase inequality between the lower bound of the wage distribution and the median (roughly) but for the richer part of the wage distribution, education tends to decrease wage inequality. There is also evidence of a non-monotonous relationship between returns to tenure and gender, on one side, and the wage distribution, on the other side.</p>

Employee Gender, Gender Similarity, and Supervisor-Subordinate Cross-Evaluations

1983 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Gupta ◽  
G. Douglas Jenkins ◽  
Terry A. Beehr
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Supervisor Ratings ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The One ◽  
Gender Similarity ◽  
The Relationship

This article examines the relationship between employee gender and gender similarity on the one hand and supervisor-subordinate cross-evaluations and subordinate rewards on the other, using a sample of 651 employees from five midwestern organizations. Data were obtained through structured interviews, supervisor ratings of subordinates, and employee personnel records. Two-way analysis of variance results indicated that (a) evaluations of women are more positive than evaluations of men and (b) opposite-sex evaluations tend to be higher than same-sex evaluations, but (c) men subordinates receive more promotions, and same-sex subordinates more pay increases, than do women subordinates and opposite-sex subordinates respectively.

scholarly journals The Norms of Address Terms in Arabic: The Case of Saudi Speech Community

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
Aied Alenizi
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Speech Community ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Address Forms ◽  
Arabic Speakers ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Saudi Arabic ◽  
Address Terms ◽  
Status Level

This paper investigates the address norms used in the Saudi Arabic speech community. The study examines address term usage in five different contexts: family, neighbors, workplace, school and strangers. The study seeks answers for two questions: (1) What address forms do Saudi Arabic speakers use to address each other? (2) What factors cause a difference in use of one term over another? Responses were collected from 40 Saudi speakers of Arabic who were divided evenly based on age and gender. The findings reveal nine key categories as fundamental techniques used by Saudi Arabic speakers to address one another including first names, teknonyms, common names, kin terms, kin term along with first name, terms of endearment, titles, occupation and address by gender (boy/girl). Social factors like age, gender, socio-economic status, level of formality as well as degree of intimacy and occupation were also essential in determining form usage.

scholarly journals How could board diversity influence corporate disclosure?

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nermeen F. Shehata
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Corporate Disclosure ◽  
Culture Theory ◽  
Board Diversity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gender Type

This paper aims to provide a theoretical analysis on the relationship between diversity and corporate disclosure. A literature review has been conducted to assess the aforementioned relationship. Through the literature, agency theory and stakeholder theory support board diversity. This paper explains how Hofsetde-Gray culture theory could be used to explain the relationship between nationality as one of the diversity characteristics, and corporate disclosure. Presence of a diverse board is expected to positively influence corporate disclosure. On one hand, this paper provides future research an opportunity to empirically assess this relationship. On the other hand, the positive influence that board diversity has on corporate disclosure provides an opportunity to companies to diversify their boards according to different nationalities and gender type.

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