10. The relationship between associative thinking, analogical reasoning, image formation and metaphoric extension strategies

2008 ◽  
pp. 199-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeannette Littlemore
Keyword(s):  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
Image Formation ◽  
Associative Thinking ◽  
The Relationship

How Do Older Adults Recruited Using MTurk Differ From Those in a National Probability Sample?

2020 ◽  
pp. 009141502094019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron M. Ogletree ◽  
Benjamin Katz
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Probability Sample ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
National Probability Sample ◽  
Amazon's Mechanical Turk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Retirement Study ◽  
Recruitment Time

A growing number of studies within the field of gerontology have included samples recruited from Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (MTurk), an online crowdsourcing portal. While some research has examined how younger adult participants recruited through other means may differ from those recruited using MTurk, little work has addressed this question with older adults specifically. In the present study, we examined how older adults recruited via MTurk might differ from those recruited via a national probability sample, the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), on a battery of outcomes related to health and cognition. Using a Latin-square design, we examined the relationship between recruitment time, remuneration amount, and measures of cognitive functioning. We found substantial differences between our MTurk sample and the participants within the HRS, most notably within measures of verbal fluency and analogical reasoning. Additionally, remuneration amount was related to differences in time to complete recruitment, particularly at the lowest remuneration level, where recruitment completion required between 138 and 485 additional hours. While the general consensus has been that MTurk samples are a reasonable proxy for the larger population, this work suggests that researchers should be wary of overgeneralizing research conducted with older adults recruited through this portal.

scholarly journals Very Like a Whale: Analogy and the Law

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-352
Author(s):  
Jeffrey D. Kahn
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Human Thought ◽  
Legal Writing ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Social Divide ◽  
The Relationship

Analogical reasoning is common in legal writing, just as analogies are a part of everyday life. Indeed, they may be inescapable features of human cognition. Used well, analogies illuminate the writer’s reasons and persuade the reader. Used poorly, however, they may obscure or even replace the precision and detail in reasoning that is crucial to the development of law. Without entering the ongoing debate about the nature of human thought, this article explores some of the dangers present in the relationship that analogy maintains with law. In particular, the article examines the risks inherent in analogizing across a technological or social divide. The article concludes by noting the long-term consequences of analogies and metaphors in shaping thought and, therefore, society.

Volumising

2019 ◽  
pp. 66-88
Author(s):  
Sarah Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Mental Image ◽  
Image Formation ◽  
Verbal Expression ◽  
Blank Screen ◽  
Spatial Volume ◽  
Mental Space ◽  
Picture Show ◽  
The Relationship

Layering is operative as part of the processes of mental image formation discussed in this chapter too, but rather than drawing upon the relationship with the onscreen images, now there is nothing to see but blankness. When any trace of visual or representational images is removed entirely from the screen, it is the richness of the soundscape or voice-over that pervades, as the blank screen becomes the sole visual accompaniment for the formation of mental images and the configuration of mental space. This chapter introduces the relation between sound volume and spatial volume that underpins its argument by first considering an example from film curator Matt Hulse’s ‘Audible Picture Show’ (2003 onwards). It then attends to two blank screen films from different ends of the twentieth century, Walter Ruttmann’s Weekend (1930) and Derek Jarman’s Blue (1993). The chapter tests the mimetic account of mental image formation in the absence of the perceived images that served as the support of the imagined images of the previous chapter. It explores how mental space is configured and changed in Weekend, and how a poetic approach to verbal expression in Blue adds figurative imagery to the mimetic account of mental picturing.

scholarly journals Geometric model of image formation in Scheimpflug cameras

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indranil Sinharoy ◽  
Prasanna Rangarajan ◽  
Marc P. Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Pupil Diameter ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Image Formation ◽  
Imaging Systems ◽  
Depth Of Field ◽  
Entrance Pupil ◽  
Scheimpflug Imaging ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Special Case ◽  
Entrance Pupil Diameter

We present a geometric model of image formation in Scheimpflug cameras that is most general. Scheimpflug imaging is commonly used is scientific and medical imaging either to increase the depth of field of the imager or to focus on tilted object surfaces. Existing Scheimpflug imaging models do not take into account the effect of pupil magnification (i.e. the ratio of the exit pupil diameter to the entrance pupil diameter), which we have found to affect the type of distortions experienced by the image-field upon lens rotations. In this work, we have also derived the relationship between the object, lens and sensor planes in Scheimpflug configuration, which is very similar in form with the standard Gaussian imaging equation, but applicable for imaging systems in which the lens plane and the sensor plane are arbitrarily oriented with respect to each other. Since the conventional rigid camera, in which the sensor and lens planes are constrained to be parallel to each other, is a special case of the Scheimpflug camera, our model also applies to imaging with conventional cameras.

scholarly journals Assessing The Relationship between Sponsor Image Formation towards Building Positive Sponsor’s Image

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Soraya Wan Abdul Ghani ◽  
Nurakmal Ramli ◽  
Muhammad Wafaruddin Saipul Bakhry ◽  
Nur Farhana Mohd Sah ◽  
Tengku Elena Tengku Mahamad
Keyword(s):  
Image Formation ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals RELATION BETWEEN EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND REASONING ABILITY OF HIGHER SECONDARY STUDENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (5SE) ◽  
pp. 98-105
Author(s):  
Daisy Nambikkai ◽  
A. Veliappan
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Secondary Students ◽  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Deductive Reasoning ◽  
Reasoning Ability ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Positive Relationship ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

The present study aims to find out the relationship between emotional intelligence and reasoning ability of the higher secondary students. Among the population, 724 samples of higher secondary students were selected randomly from Puducherry region. Findings of the study were i) significant difference is found between male and female higher secondary students in their reasoning ability in science on analogical reasoning, classification as reasoning, eclectic reasoning, deductive reasoning and inductive reasoning.ii) Significant difference is found between male and female higher secondary students in their emotional intelligence on intrapersonal awareness. iii) Significant difference is found among government, aided and unaided schools of higher secondary students in their reasoning ability in science on classification as reasoning and eclectic reasoning. iv) Significant difference is found among government, aided and unaided schools of higher secondary students in their emotional intelligence on intrapersonal awareness, interpersonal awareness, intrapersonal management and interpersonal management. v) there exists significant positive relationship between reasoning ability in science and emotional intelligence of higher secondary students.

scholarly journals Are more humorous children more intelligent? A case from Turkish culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deniz Arslan ◽  
Ugur Sak ◽  
Nazmiye Nazli Atesgoz
Keyword(s):  
Middle School Students ◽  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
Verbal Ability ◽  
General Intelligence ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Third ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Primary Predictor

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the relationship between intelligence and humor ability in a Turkish sample. The sample included 217 middle-school students with a wide range of intelligence measured by a Turkish intelligence test (ASIS). Humor ability was measured using the Humor Ability Assessment Form. Students were instructed to write captions for 10 cartoons that were as funny and relevant as possible. Seven experts rated the funniness of the captions and their relevance to the cartoons, yielding a total of 30,380 ratings (217 students × 10 cartoons × two criteria × seven experts). The findings showed that both general intelligence and the second-level components (verbal ability, visual-spatial ability, and memory) had high correlations with humor ability. Intelligence explained 68% of the variance in humor ability. Among the third-level factors, verbal analogical reasoning was the primary predictor of humor ability (β = 0.325, p < 0.001). Humor ability scores significantly differed across intelligence clusters, implying that highly humorous children may be highly intelligent.

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