Chapter 5 The Relationship Between Conceptual Blending and Analogical Reasoning

2018 ◽  
pp. 133-151
Author(s):  
Tarek R. Besold
Keyword(s):  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
Conceptual Blending ◽  
The Relationship

A COGNITIVE THEORETICAL INVESTIGATION OF CONCEPTUALIZING HINDI SARCASM

2020 ◽  
pp. 77-91
Author(s):  
Kumar Sharma Sandeep ◽  
◽  
Sinha Sweta ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Special Reference ◽  
Theoretical Investigation ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor ◽  
Meaning Construction ◽  
Computational Studies ◽  
Conceptual Blending ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
The Relationship

Several influential theories have been developed in cognitive linguistics to investigate the relationship between language and mind. Conceptual metaphor and conceptual blending, two distinct but closely related theories play a significant role in the process of meaning construction especially in metaphors and other figurative linguistic tools. Metaphors are pervasively used in everyday conversation in the form of irony, satire and sarcasm, etc. where sarcasm projects profoundly negative intention. Hence, the present research studies the process of conceptualization of sarcasm and its functions with special reference to the Hindi language within the framework of conceptual metaphor and conceptual blending theories. The study is an attempt to bridge the gap between computational studies of sarcasm and the theories underlying the phenomenon of perceiving sarcasm. The findings aim to provide a theoretical understanding of how Hindi sarcasm is perceived among native speakers.

How Do Older Adults Recruited Using MTurk Differ From Those in a National Probability Sample?

2020 ◽  
pp. 009141502094019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron M. Ogletree ◽  
Benjamin Katz
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Probability Sample ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
National Probability Sample ◽  
Amazon's Mechanical Turk ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Retirement Study ◽  
Recruitment Time

A growing number of studies within the field of gerontology have included samples recruited from Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (MTurk), an online crowdsourcing portal. While some research has examined how younger adult participants recruited through other means may differ from those recruited using MTurk, little work has addressed this question with older adults specifically. In the present study, we examined how older adults recruited via MTurk might differ from those recruited via a national probability sample, the Health and Retirement Study (HRS), on a battery of outcomes related to health and cognition. Using a Latin-square design, we examined the relationship between recruitment time, remuneration amount, and measures of cognitive functioning. We found substantial differences between our MTurk sample and the participants within the HRS, most notably within measures of verbal fluency and analogical reasoning. Additionally, remuneration amount was related to differences in time to complete recruitment, particularly at the lowest remuneration level, where recruitment completion required between 138 and 485 additional hours. While the general consensus has been that MTurk samples are a reasonable proxy for the larger population, this work suggests that researchers should be wary of overgeneralizing research conducted with older adults recruited through this portal.

scholarly journals Very Like a Whale: Analogy and the Law

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-352
Author(s):  
Jeffrey D. Kahn
Keyword(s):  
Everyday Life ◽  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Human Thought ◽  
Legal Writing ◽  
Long Term Consequences ◽  
Social Divide ◽  
The Relationship

Analogical reasoning is common in legal writing, just as analogies are a part of everyday life. Indeed, they may be inescapable features of human cognition. Used well, analogies illuminate the writer’s reasons and persuade the reader. Used poorly, however, they may obscure or even replace the precision and detail in reasoning that is crucial to the development of law. Without entering the ongoing debate about the nature of human thought, this article explores some of the dangers present in the relationship that analogy maintains with law. In particular, the article examines the risks inherent in analogizing across a technological or social divide. The article concludes by noting the long-term consequences of analogies and metaphors in shaping thought and, therefore, society.

Metaphors of Eucharistic Presence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen R. Shaver
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Central Element ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Conceptual Blending ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Proper Sense ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ecumenical Theology

One of the most challenging questions for Christian ecumenical theology is how the relationship between the eucharistic bread and wine and Jesus Christ’s body and blood can be appropriately described. This book takes a new approach to controverted questions of eucharistic presence by drawing on cognitive linguistics. Arguing that human cognition is grounded in sensorimotor experience and that phenomena such as metaphor and conceptual blending are basic building blocks of thought, the book proposes that inherited models of eucharistic presence are not necessarily mutually exclusive but can serve as complementary members of a shared ecumenical repertoire. The central element of this repertoire is the motif of identity, grounded in the Synoptic and Pauline institution narratives. The book argues that the statement “The eucharistic bread and wine are the body and blood of Christ” can be understood both as figurative and as true in the proper sense, thus resolving a church-dividing dichotomy. The identity motif is complemented by four major non-scriptural motifs: representation, change, containment, and conduit. Each motif with its entailments is explored in depth, and suggestions for ecumenical reconciliation in both doctrine and practices are offered. The book also provides an introduction to cognitive linguistics and offers suggestions for further reading in that field.

scholarly journals RELATION BETWEEN EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND REASONING ABILITY OF HIGHER SECONDARY STUDENTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (5SE) ◽  
pp. 98-105
Author(s):  
Daisy Nambikkai ◽  
A. Veliappan
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Secondary Students ◽  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Deductive Reasoning ◽  
Reasoning Ability ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Significant Positive Relationship ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

The present study aims to find out the relationship between emotional intelligence and reasoning ability of the higher secondary students. Among the population, 724 samples of higher secondary students were selected randomly from Puducherry region. Findings of the study were i) significant difference is found between male and female higher secondary students in their reasoning ability in science on analogical reasoning, classification as reasoning, eclectic reasoning, deductive reasoning and inductive reasoning.ii) Significant difference is found between male and female higher secondary students in their emotional intelligence on intrapersonal awareness. iii) Significant difference is found among government, aided and unaided schools of higher secondary students in their reasoning ability in science on classification as reasoning and eclectic reasoning. iv) Significant difference is found among government, aided and unaided schools of higher secondary students in their emotional intelligence on intrapersonal awareness, interpersonal awareness, intrapersonal management and interpersonal management. v) there exists significant positive relationship between reasoning ability in science and emotional intelligence of higher secondary students.

scholarly journals Are more humorous children more intelligent? A case from Turkish culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deniz Arslan ◽  
Ugur Sak ◽  
Nazmiye Nazli Atesgoz
Keyword(s):  
Middle School Students ◽  
Analogical Reasoning ◽  
Verbal Ability ◽  
General Intelligence ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Third ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Primary Predictor

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the relationship between intelligence and humor ability in a Turkish sample. The sample included 217 middle-school students with a wide range of intelligence measured by a Turkish intelligence test (ASIS). Humor ability was measured using the Humor Ability Assessment Form. Students were instructed to write captions for 10 cartoons that were as funny and relevant as possible. Seven experts rated the funniness of the captions and their relevance to the cartoons, yielding a total of 30,380 ratings (217 students × 10 cartoons × two criteria × seven experts). The findings showed that both general intelligence and the second-level components (verbal ability, visual-spatial ability, and memory) had high correlations with humor ability. Intelligence explained 68% of the variance in humor ability. Among the third-level factors, verbal analogical reasoning was the primary predictor of humor ability (β = 0.325, p < 0.001). Humor ability scores significantly differed across intelligence clusters, implying that highly humorous children may be highly intelligent.

Epistolary cognition: The family letters of Rosalie Calvert

2020 ◽  
pp. 096394702095458
Author(s):  
Jennifer R Harding
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Conceptual Blending ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Cultural Conditions ◽  
The Face ◽  
Full Analysis ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Letter Collection

This article argues for the distinctive nature of cognition involved in correspondence, arguing that this cognition is highly creative and in corollary, arguing that this cognition is positioned within social and cultural conditions that must be considered in a full analysis. The author argues that letters are often written from the perspective of an “embodied epistolary present,” the letter writer’s temporal, spatial, and corporeal viewpoint depicted through the use of present tense and other markers. The author further elaborates the relationship between correspondence and common ground. The embodied epistolary present facilitates the “imagined copresence” of writer and recipient (possible through conceptual blending), which the author describes as “the fictitious conceit that a recipient is present to serve as an interlocutor during the writer’s embodied compositional present.” Like the face-to-face conversation that it simulates, epistolary discourse depicted with imagined copresence relies on the common ground shared by the writer and recipient; the author argues that the common ground also shapes other discourse modes present in correspondence including narrative episodes and reporting. The author further shows that epistolary discourse reflects cultural norms, shaping what writers include and elide. To demonstrate all these points, the author draws examples from the letter collection Mistress of Riversdale: The Plantation Letters of Rosalie Stier Calvert, 1795–1821, edited by Margaret Law Callcott (1992). Calvert was a plantation mistress in postrevolutionary Maryland who corresponded with intimate relatives in Belgium; as such, Calvert’s letters demonstrate both the imaginative work that letters deploy and the common ground that shapes epistolary content.

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