scholarly journals The effect of heat treatment and particle size of bran on mineral absorption in rats

1982 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Caprez ◽  
Susan J. Fairweather-Tait
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Isotope Dilution ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Specific Radioactivity ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Breakfast Cereal ◽  
Synthetic Diet ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Mean

1. The effect of heat treatment of bran on true zinc absorption was measured using an isotope-dilution technique. A bran-based breakfast cereal (heated to 204° for 40 min during manufacture) was incorporated into a semi-synthetic diet at a level of 180 g/kg, A parallel diet was formulated containing an identical weight of untreated bran from the same source plus other ingredients used to make the cereal.2. Young male Wistar rats (mean weight 80 g) were injected intramuscularly with 65Zn to label body Zn. They were given the heat-treated- and untreated-bran diets for 9 d. During the last 6 d of this period Zn intakes and faecal and urinary Zn were measured in order to calculate apparent Zn retention. True Zn retention was measured by taking into account losses of Zn of endogenous origin (labelled with 65Zn), by measuring faecal and urinary 65Zn taking the mean specific radioactivity of Zn in kidneys and upper small intestine to represent specific radioactivity of endogenous origin.3. Heat treatment of bran removed approximately one-third of the phytate, but this was not enough to improve Zn absorption from the diet. True Zn retention measured by isotope dilution was significantly higher (P < 0.02) than apparent Zn retention measured bv the conventional balance technique.4. The hypothesis that a reduction in particle size of bran would improve mineral availability was tested by feeding coarse and milled bran (100 g/kg diet) in a semi-synthetic diet to rats and measuring true Fe and apparent Zn absorptions. The importance of phytate was also investigated by feedino a diet containing dephytinized bran.5. Male Wistar rats (mean weight 172 g) were given diets containing coarse, milled or dephytinized bran for 9 d. Fe and Zn intakes were measured and faeces and urine collected for Fe and Zn analysis.6. The mean (±SE) particle size of the bran was reduced on milling from 3.5 (± 1.8) to 0.2–0.5 mm. There were no differences in the fraction of Fe retained between the three groups. Particle size had a small effect on Zn retention which was marginally higher in rats on the milled-bran diet (0.126 (± 0.023)) than in those on the coarse-bran diet (0.087 (± 0.012)). Total removal of phytate had a greater effect and apparent Zn retention from the dephytinized-bran diet was significantly higher (0.182 (±0.027), P < 0.01).

Vitamin A deficiency regulates the expression of ferritin in young male Wistar rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauricio RESTREPO-GALLEGO ◽  
Luis Eduardo DÍAZ ◽  
Juan David OSPINA-VILLA ◽  
Danny CHINCHILLA-CÁRDENAS
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Serum Iron ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Transferrin Receptors ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

ABSTRACT Objective Iron deficiency and vitamin A deficiency are two of the main micronutrient deficiencies. Both micronutrients are essential for human life and children's development. This study aimed to investigate the effects of vitamin A deficiency on ferritin and transferrin receptors' expression and its relationship with iron deficiency. Methods Five diets with different vitamin A-to-iron ratios were given to thirty five 21-day-old male Wistar rats (separated in groups of seven animals each). The animals received the diet for six weeks before being euthanized. Serum iron and retinol levels were measured as biochemical parameters. Their duodenums, spleens, and livers were analyzed for the expression of ferritin and transferrin receptors by Western Blotting. Results Regarding biochemical parameters, the results show that when both vitamin A and iron are insufficient, the serum iron content (74.74µg/dL) is significantly lower than the control group (255.86µg/dL). The results also show that vitamin A deficiency does not influence the expression of the transferrin receptor, but only of the ferritin one. Conclusion Vitamin A deficiency regulates the expression of ferritin in young male Wistar rats.

scholarly journals A new experimental model of cigarette smoke-induced emphysema in Wistar rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo de las Heras Kozma ◽  
Edson Marcelino Alves ◽  
Valter Abraao Barbosa-de-Oliveira ◽  
Fernanda Degobbi Tenorio Quirino dos Santos Lopes ◽  
Renan Cenize Guardia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Viable Option ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Mean Linear Intercept ◽  
The Mean

OBJECTIVE: To describe a new murine model of cigarette smoke-induced emphysema. METHODS: Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: the cigarette smoke group, comprising 12 rats exposed to smoke from 12 commercial filter cigarettes three times a day (a total of 36 cigarettes per day) every day for 30 weeks; and the control group, comprising 12 rats exposed to room air three times a day every day for 30 weeks. Lung function was assessed by mechanical ventilation, and emphysema was morphometrically assessed by measurement of the mean linear intercept (Lm). RESULTS: The mean weight gain was significantly (approximately ten times) lower in the cigarette smoke group than in the control group. The Lm was 25.0% higher in the cigarette smoke group. There was a trend toward worsening of lung function parameters in the cigarette smoke group. CONCLUSIONS: The new murine model of cigarette smoke-induced emphysema and the methodology employed in the present study are effective and reproducible, representing a promising and economically viable option for use in studies investigating the pathophysiology of and therapeutic approaches to COPD.

Induction of muricidal behavior by ACTH or adrenalectomy in young male wistar rats

1995 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Miachon ◽  
B. Claustrat ◽  
R. Cespuglio
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Muricidal Behavior ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF SEMBUNG LEAF EXTRACT (BLUMEA BALSAMIFERA) ON THE NUMBER AND DIAMETER OF RATS LEYDIG CELLS INDUCED BY HIGH-FAT DIET

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (no 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gede Widhiantara ◽  
Anak Agung Ayu Putri Permatasari ◽  
Putu Angga Wiradana
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Core Diameter ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Mean

This study aims to determine the morphology of Leydig cells in hyperlipidemic wistar rats after having administered with sembung (Blumea balsamifera) extract orally. This study utilised a randomized post-test only control group design. The sample in this study were 16 adult male wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) aged 3-4 months with a body weight of 150-200 grams, which were equally and randomly divided into two groups, namely control group (hyperlipidaemia and sterile aquadest) and treatment group (hyperlipidaemia and sembung leaf extract). Hyperlipidaemia was induced with lard administration for 50 days. Data were analysed statistically using the Independent t-test. The results showed that the number of Leydig cells in the treatment group was higher than the control group with 68.13 ± 1.89 and 55.63 ± 1.92 cells respectively (P <0.05). In addition, the mean Leydig cell core diameter of the control group, 5.00 ± 0.34 µm, was smaller compared to the treatment group which was 5.80 ± 0.20 µm (P <0.05). It can be inferred that sembung leaf extract provides a protective effect against damage to Leydig cells due to hyperlipidaemia.

Reduction of Platelet Survival: Development of a Thrombosis Model

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Meuleman
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Aortic Arch ◽  
Abdominal Aorta ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Blood Platelets ◽  
Aortic Cannulation ◽  
Thrombosis Model ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Mean

In male Wistar rats a PT 46 cannula was inserted in the carotid artery via the aortic arch into the abdominal aorta and fixed in that position. Twenty-four hours later 51Cr-labelled blood platelets were injected into these animals and into sham operated animals.The survival time of the 51Cr-labelled platelets in the cannulated group was significantly reduced as compared to the sham operated group. The mean half lives and s.e. mean were 15.5±1.3 hours and 30.3±0.5 hours respectively.The distribution of radioactivity deposited in various organs three days after administration of the label was determined. In the cannulated group the kidney contained twice as much radioactivity as in the sham operated animals, the spleen contained approximately 30% less.The number of free, single platelets was decreased in the cannulated group.These results and the relevance of aortic cannulation for the development of a model for thrombo-embolism will be discussed.

Reduction of blood flow in the adenohypophysis of rats by bromocriptine

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andras A. Kemeny ◽  
Jan A. Jakubowski ◽  
Emil Pasztor ◽  
Anthony A. Jefferson ◽  
Richard Wojcikiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Selective Effect ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hydrogen Clearance ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The possibility that bromocriptine has a selective effect on blood flow in the adenohypophysis was examined in rats. Twenty-four anesthetized male Wistar rats underwent measurement of blood flow using the hydrogen clearance method. Intravenous injection of 50 µg/kg bromocriptine reduced the blood flow in both the medial and lateral parts of the adenohypophysis to about 70% of the baseline value. Simultaneously measured cerebral cortical and white matter flows were unchanged. Similar results were obtained following administration of a higher dose (500 µg/kg) of bromocriptine. This phenomenon cannot be attributed to the decrease in blood pressure. The course of change in blood flow in the medial and lateral adenohypophysis did not follow that of the mean arterial blood pressure, and the alteration of blood pressure remained within the limits of autoregulation in the adenohypophysis. The results indicate that bromocriptine is capable of reducing blood flow selectively in the pituitary region. This mechanism may contribute to the clinical usefulness of this drug.

scholarly journals The effect of tea on iron and aluminium metabolism in the rat

1991 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan J. Fairweather-Tait ◽  
Zoe Piper ◽  
S. Jemil A. Fatemi ◽  
Geoffrey R. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Fe Deficiency ◽  
Tea Leaves ◽  
Tea Infusion ◽  
Synthetic Diet ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Per Se

Weanling male Wistar rats were fed for 28 d on a semi-synthetic diet containing normal (38 μg/g) or low (9 μg/g) levels of iron. They were given water or tea infusion (20 g leaves/I water) to drink. Two further groups were given a normal- or low-Fe diet containing added tea leaves (20 g/kg diet). At the end of the study period, all rats given the low-Fe diet were severely anaemic, as assessed by haemoglobin, packed cell volume and liver Fe. Those given tea or the diet with added tea leaves showed a greater degree of Fe depletion. The blood and liver aluminium levels were not increased as a result of consuming tea or tea leaves, despite the higher Al intakes. Fe deficiencyper sehad no effect on Al absorption or retention from tea. It was concluded that the Al in tea was very poorly absorbed but that tea, either in the form of an infusion or as tea leaves, had an adverse effect on Fe status

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF SINGLE- AND REPEATED- EXCESSIVE SWIMMING EXERCISE ON KIDNEY HISTOPATHOLOGY OF MALE RATS WISTAR STRAIN (Rattus norvegicus)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Wenni Juniarni Tripani ◽  
Muhammad In’am Ilmiawan ◽  
Willy Handoko
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Proximal Tubules ◽  
Swimming Exercise ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
The Mean

Background: Physical exercise aims to improve or maintain physical fitness. However, excessive physical exercise may cause increase of oxidative stress which leads to cellular injury, including in the proximal tubules of kidney. This research aims to find out the effect of single- and repeated- excessive swimming exercise to the kidney histopathology of male wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). Methods: This research was an experimental study with complete random and post test only control group design. Twenty seven male wistar rats were divided into three treatment groups: control group, single- excessive swimming exercise group (45 minutes for one day), and repeated- excessive swimming exercise group (45 minutes/day for seven days). In the end of the treatment, the kidney of the rats were taken to be analyzed by using hematoxylin-eosin stain. The mean of proximal tubules injury of kidneys were counted by two observers using blinded method. Data were analyzed by using one way anova test. Result: The analysis showed there was a significant difference in the mean percentage of proximal tubules injury between control group and single swimming group as well as the repeated swimming group (Anova p=0,000), also there was significant difference between the treatment groups (p=0,020). The highest average of proximal tubules injury was in the single swimming group. Conclusion: Single- and repeated- excessive swimming exercise causes the proximal tubules injury of kidney.

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