Dry matter accumulation, N uptake, and chemical composition of tobacco grown with different N sources at two levels of K

1987 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. W. Scherer ◽  
C. T. MacKown
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
N Sources

Nitrogen Demand of Cut Chrysanthemums in Relation to Shoot Height and Planting Date

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 523c-523
Author(s):  
Siegfried Zerche
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Planting Date ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Growing Period

Refined nutrient delivery systems are important for environmentally friendly production of cut flowers in both soil and hydroponic culture. They have to be closely orientated at the actual nutrient demand. To solve current problems, express analysis and nutrient uptake models have been developed in horticulture. However, the necessity of relatively laborious analysis or estimation of model input parameters have prevented their commercial use up to now. For this reason, we studied relationships between easily determinable parameters of plant biomass structure as shoot height, plant density and dry matter production as well as amount of nitrogen removal of hydroponically grown year-round cut chrysanthemums. In four experiments (planting dates 5.11.91; 25.3.92; 4.1.93; 1.7.93) with cultivar `Puma white' and a fixed plant density of 64 m2, shoots were harvested every 14 days from planting until flowering, with dry matter, internal N concentration and shoot height being measured. For each planting date, N uptake (y) was closely (r2 = 0.94; 0.93; 0.84; 0.93, respectively) related to shoot height (x) at the time of cutting and could be characterized by the equation y = a * × b. In the soilless cultivation system, dry matter concentrations of N remained constant over the whole growing period, indicating non-limiting nitrogen supply. In agreement with constant internal N concentrations, N uptake was linearly related (r2 = 0.94 to 0.99) to dry matter accumulation. It is concluded that shoot height is a useful parameter to include in a simple model of N uptake. However, in consideration of fluctuating greenhouse climate conditions needs more sophisticated approaches including processes such as water uptake and photosynthetically active radiation.

Winter wheat growth and nitrogen demand in south coastal British Columbia

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Bomke ◽  
W. D. Temple ◽  
S. Yu
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Low Input ◽  
Crop Development ◽  
Coastal British Columbia

Winter wheat, Triticum aestivum, is a new crop in south coastal British Columbia. The purposes of this study were to characterize plant development, dry matter accumulation and N uptake under low input and intensively managed systems as well as to assess the capability of some of the region’s soils to supply N to the crop. Grain yields, crop development and dry matter and N accumulation were similar to those reported from southern England. High amounts of winter rainfall (November–April precipitation ranged from 523 to 1111 mm) leach virtually all residual NO3 from south coastal B.C. soils and, without N fertilization, result in uniformly N deficient winter wheat. The low input N regime, 75 kg N ha−1 at Zadoks growth stage 31, plus soil N mineralized subsequent to the winter leaching period were sufficient in this study to maximize grain and total aboveground crop dry matter yields, but not to achieve adequate grain protein contents. The soils in the study were capable of supplying N in amounts sufficient to support only 30–53% of the maximum N uptake between growth stages 31 and 78. Appropriate quantities and timing of N are critical to successful production of high-yielding, good-quality wheat in south coastal British Columbia. Nitrogen management is likely to be most efficient when guided by the stage of crop development and demand and not by spring soil sampling and mineral N analysis. Key words: Winter wheat, N demand, soil N supply, crop development, intensive crop management, low input

The course of fertilizer nitrogen uptake by rainfed sugarcane in Mauritius

1994 ◽  
Vol 122 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. F. Ng Kee Kwong ◽  
J. Deville
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
N Recovery ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
N Losses ◽  
Total N ◽  
Fertilizer N Recovery ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Fertilizer N Uptake

SUMMARYThe patterns of N uptake and dry matter synthesis by sugarcane (Saccharum hybrid spp.) were studied at four locations in Mauritius with 15N–labelled ammonium sulphate (100 kg N/ha) applied either in a single dressing in September or in two split applications in September and the following February. More than 80% of the total N recovered at harvest (100–120 kgN/ha) was absorbed by the sugarcane during an active uptake period from October to January. Split application prolonged this active N uptake until April only and had no effect on dry matter accumulation. While total Nabsorbed by above-ground sugarcane showed no decline over time, 10–20 kg N/ha of the 15N–labelled N was lost from the green tops even when the N was applied on two occasions. The fertilizer N losses from above-ground sugarcane were, however, not evident when fertilizer N recovery with time was studied by the difference method. In view of the observed losses of fertilizer N from the aerial parts of sugarcane, measurement of fertilizer N recovery at harvest by the N isotope dilution technique underestimates fertilizer N uptake by sugarcane and attributes too large a fraction of N loss to denitrification/volatilization of NH3.

The effect of application of nitrogen fertilizer on the growth of opium poppy in north central India

1984 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Yadav ◽  
R. Mohan ◽  
R. Singh ◽  
R. K. Verma
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Central India ◽  
Papaver Somniferum ◽  
Opium Poppy ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
N Application ◽  
Area Index ◽  
North Central

SummaryIn a 2-year field study conducted at Lucknow (26·5° N, 80·5° E and 120 m altitude), plant height, leaf area index, dry-matter accumulation and N uptake of opium poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) followed a sigmoid path. After attaining a peak of accumulation at 120 days, dry matter declined in plots given N fertilizer but remained static in the control. N application (50, 100, 150 and 200 kg/ha) increased the opium, seed and morphine yields compared with the control. Morphine concentration (%) in the opium, however, increased up to 100 kg N/ha and decreased when N doses exceeded that level. Divided application of N, i.e. half at sowing and remainder at the stem elongation stage, proved beneficial for opium, seed and morphine yields.

scholarly journals Effect of Precision Nitrogen Management through LCC on Nutrient Content and Uptake of Maize (Zea mays L.) under Temperate Conditions of Kashmir

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Suhail Fayaz ◽  
Raihana Habib Kanth ◽  
Tauseef Ahmad Bhat ◽  
M. Anwar Bhat ◽  
Bashir Ahmad Alie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Nitrogen Management ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
N Management

Field experiment was conducted at Faculty of Agriculture, SKUAST-Kashmir, Wadura, Jammu and Kashmir during kharif seasons of 2019 and 2020 to assess the effect of precision nitrogen management through LCC on nutrient content and uptake of maize (Zea mays L.) under temperate conditions of Kashmir. The experiment comprised of three maize hybrids (SMH-2, Vivek-45 and Kanchan-517) assigned to main plots and seven Precision N management viz. nitrogen splits @ 20 and 30 kg N ha-1 managed through LCC (LCC scores of 3, 4 and 5), recommended nitrogen level and control in subplots. The treatments were replicated thrice in a split plot design. The results revealed that LCC ≤ 5 @ 30 kg N ha-1 recorded highest dry matter accumulation and periodic N uptake at all the stages of growth and highest P and K uptake by grain and straw at harvest. Further, highest dry matter accumulation and uptake of NPK was recorded in cultivar SMH-2 as compared to Vivek-45 and Kanchan-517 during 2019 and 2020 respectively. LCC based N application proved effective in increasing dry matter and nutrient content of maize hybrids.

scholarly journals Pretransplant Watermelon Nutrition with Various Nitrate: Ammonium Ratios and Supplemental Calcium

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Lamb ◽  
G.H. Clough ◽  
D.D. Hemphill
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Supplemental Calcium ◽  
N Form

Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai `Crimson Sweet'] was seeded in a commercial peat medium in multicell containers. Five NO3: NH4 ratios and five levels of supplemental Ca were combined factorially in a 100N-31P-265K mg·liter-1 pretransplant nutrition regime. The medium was amended with CaCO3 in 1989; the medium was not amended in 1990. Dry-matter accumulation had decreased with increasing NH4-N 3 weeks after seeding both years. In 1989, increasing NH4-N also had decreased seedling growth by the last sampling date due to decreased NH+4 uptake. Shoot N concentration was higher in 1990 than 1989, but N uptake was similar. On the first sampling date in both years, increasing the Ca concentration decreased seedling growth and increased medium electrical conductivity (EC). In 1990, increasing the Ca concentration raised shoot N concentration but did not increase seedling growth or N uptake. Either N form at 100 mg N/liter and Ca at 4 to 8 mmol·liter-1 were optimal for watermelon transplant production, but Ca at >8 mmol·liter-1 suppressed transplant growth.

scholarly journals Effects of band placement and nitrogen rate on dry matter accumulation, yield and nitrogen uptake of cabbage, carrot and onion

1999 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. SALO
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Band Placement ◽  
Fertilized Soil ◽  
N Rates

Adequate nitrogen (N) nutrition is essential for producing high vegetable yields of good quality. Fertilizer N not taken up by the plants is, however, economically wasteful and can be lost to the environment. Therefore the efficient use of N fertilizer, involving accurate estimation of crop N demand, choice of application method and timing of N fertilization, is an important research area. The effects of band placement and rate of N fertilization on inorganic N in the soil and the dry matter accumulation, yield and N uptake of cabbage, carrot and onion were studied in a three-year field experiment between 1993 and 1995. The plants were sampled during the growing season to determine the dry matter accumulation and plant N concentration. The inorganic N in the soil was determined during the growing period and after harvest. The N uptake was 3.8 kg, 1.6 kg and 2.5 kg per ton of edible yield of cabbage, carrot and onion, respectively. At the highest yield levels the N uptake including crop residues was 300 kg ha-1, 150 kg ha-1 and 120 kg ha-1 in cabbage, carrot and onion, respectively. In cabbage, almost 50% of N was in crop residues, whereas in carrot and onion only about 30% of N was in crop residues. Nitrogen uptake from non-fertilized soil varied from 29 to 160 kg ha-1, depending on the growing season and the crop. Cabbage and carrot utilised soil N efficiently, usually taking up more than 100 kg ha-1 from non-fertilized soil. Onion, on the contrary, utilised soil N relatively poorly, usually less than 50 kg ha-1 from non-fertilized soil. The rate of N uptake was low with all crops in early summer. After one month, N uptake increased in cabbage and onion. This uptake continued until harvest, i.e. mid-August for onion and early September for cabbage. Nitrogen uptake by carrot started rapidly only two months after sowing and continued until harvest at the end of September. High N rates often resulted in high N concentrations and N uptakes, but growth was not necessarily increased. One month after fertilization, most of the N placed was still near the original fertilizer band and at the depth of 5-10 cm. At that time, broadcast N was at a depth of 0-5 cm. After harvest the soil mineral N content was generally low, i.e. below 25 kg ha-1 at the depth of 0-60 cm. Onion was an exception with poor growth in 1994, when soil mineral N after the highest N rate was 80 kg ha-1 at a depth of 0-60 cm after harvest. The placement distance in the cabbage experiment, 7.5 cm in the side and 7 cm below cabbage transplants, resulted in lower plant growth and N uptake than broadcasting of N at the beginning of the growing periods 1993 and 1994. Towards harvest differences between application methods decreased, although in 1993, placement of N still led to 6% lower cabbage yields than broadcasting of N. In 1993, high N rates increased cabbage dry weight and N uptake towards harvest, and this effect was more pronounced when N was broadcast. In 1994, soil N mineralisation was high, and only non-fertilized cabbages took up less N than fertilized plants. Carrot was remarkably insensitive to N fertilization. Carrot yields were similar with and without N fertilizers. Band placement and N rate did not affect carrot growth and N uptake. In 1993, band placement and high rates of N increased onion growth and bulb yield more than broadcasting. In 1994, onion growth was poor and treatments did not affect plant N concentrations or growth. Apparent recovery of fertilizer N was increased in 1993 by low N rates or band placement. This result that band placement of N does not much affect vegetable growth is in agreement with most previous studies. With onion, probably due to the sparse root system, positive effects of N placement are most likely to be found.;

scholarly journals Effects of growth regulator and nitrogen on yield and lodging of irrigated wheat

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 1709
Author(s):  
Pedro Henrique Marques Paula Nunes ◽  
Leonardo Angelo de Aquino ◽  
Felipe Oliveira Xavier ◽  
Luiz Paulo Dornelas dos Santos ◽  
Lucas Gonçalves Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Irrigated Wheat ◽  
Leaf N Content

High rates of nitrogen (N) increase plant growth, which can result in lodging. To avoid excessive growth of plants, plant growth regulators (PGRs), which cause internode length reduction, can be used. In this study, our objective was to evaluate the N nutritional status, growth, and yield of irrigated wheat as parameters using variable rates of nitrogen and growth regulator. Two experiments were conducted in Rio Paranaíba – MG in 2011 and 2012 using the BRS 264 cultivar. The treatments consisted of two concentrations of N (50 and 110 kg ha-1 as urea) and five concentrations of the growth regulator trinexapac-ethyl (0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 L ha-1 of Moddus® containing 25% w/v of trinexapac-ethyl). Each plot consisted of 20 rows of wheat spaced 0.17 m, six meters in length. We evaluated plant height, shoot dry matter accumulation, thousand-grain weight, number of grains per spike, yield, leaf N content in the index leaf and grain, amount of N uptake and export, and lodging index. The PGR resulted in a linear decrease in plant height and shoot dry matter production. However, the rates of the growth regulator did not affect productivity. The rates of N influenced the yield only in 2011.

scholarly journals Agronomic and Economic Analysis of Brown top Millet under Varying Sowing Dates and Nitrogen Fertility Levels

2021 ◽  
pp. 98-106
Author(s):  
A. Saikishore ◽  
K. Bhanu Rekha ◽  
S. A. Hussain ◽  
A. Madhavi
Keyword(s):  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
N Uptake ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Panicle Length ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Telangana State ◽  
Weight Number ◽  
Panicle Weight

Aim: The experiment is aimed to identify ideal sowing date and nitrogen level in browntop millet during rainy season on alfisols of Telangana. Study Design: Randomized Block Design with factorial concept and replicated thrice. Place and Duration of Study: College Farm, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana State, India during rainy season, 2019. Methodology: Browntop millet variety VZM-1 was tested under four dates of sowing viz., D1- June 15th, D2- June 30th, D3-July 15th and D4 - 30th July and four N levels viz; N1- 0 kg ha-1 N2 - 20 kg ha-1, N1- 40 kg ha-1 and N4-60 kg ha-1. The growth parameters, yield attributes, yield, nitrogen uptake at different crop growth stages and monetary returns were studied. Results: The results indicated that plant height, tillers hill-1, leaf area, dry matter accumulation at all crop intervals and yield attributes viz; effective tillers, panicle length,  panicle weight, number of grains, grain, straw yield, N uptake at different crop stages and monetary returns were highest with sowing on D1- June 15th.Among the N levels tested, crop fertilized with 40 kg N ha-1 registered higher plant height, tillers hill-1, leaf area, dry matter accumulation at all crop intervals, yield attributes viz; effective tillers, panicle length, panicle weight, number of grains, grain, straw yield N uptake at different crop stages and monetary returns. Conclusion: On alfisols of Telangana during rainy season, sowing of browntop millet on June 15th fertilized with 40 kg N ha-1 helps to realize higher yield and monetary returns.

scholarly journals Nutrient acquisition and eucalyptus growth affected by humic acid sources and concentrations

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 1417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Everton Geraldo de Morais ◽  
Carlos Alberto Silva ◽  
Sara Dantas Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Plant Nutrient ◽  
Cu Accumulation ◽  
High Concentrations

Humic acid (HA) can increase eucalyptus growth due to its biostimulant effect and improvement in plant nutrient uptake. Magnitude of these stimuli varies according to the source, chemical composition, presence of bioactive fragments, and concentration of HA. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of HA sources and concentrations on dry matter, accumulation and uptake efficiency (UpE) of nutrients for eucalyptus seedlings cultivated in nutrient solution. A randomized block experimental design was adopted, with four replications, in a 3x4+1 factorial scheme, in which three sources of HA (HA-L1 and HA-L2, derived from different commercial HA extracted from leonardite with 0.5 mol L-1 NaOH and 0.5 mol L-1 KOH, respectively, and HA-Com, which was extracted from compost with 0.5 mol L-1 KOH) were combined with four concentrations of C-HA (5, 10, 25, and 100 mg L-1) as well as a control treatment in which eucalyptus was cultivated without HA. Eucalyptus seedlings were grown for 20 days, maintaining three plants per pot. At the end of the experiment, production of shoot dry matter (SDM), root dry matter (RDM), and total dry matter (TDM); the Root: Shoot dry matter ratio; and the accumulations of N, P, K, Ca, B, Cu, Fe, and Zn in the shoot and root were evaluated as well as the UpE of these nutrients by the seedlings. Maximum production of SDM was reached at the concentrations of 14 and 13.5 mg L-1 of C-HA, for HA-L1 and HA-Com, respectively. The RDM increased with the use of HA-Com, with optimal concentration of 55 mg L-1 of C-HA. Accumulation of Fe in the eucalyptus shoot decreased in HA-treated pots, compromising Fe translocation from the root to the shoot. Regardless of HA source used, Cu accumulation by plants diminishes as C-HA concentration increases. A greater growth of eucalyptus at concentrations lower than 15 mg L-1 of C-HA occurs more through the stimulus to shoot and root growth than due to greater acquisition and UpE of nutrients by plants. Use of high concentrations of C-HA requires greater concentration of some micronutrients in the nutrient solution tested.

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