A family of bimodal distributions generated by distributions with positive support

We introduce a new class of distributions called the epsilon–positive family, which can be viewed as generalization of the distributions with positive support. The construction of the epsilon–positive family is motivated by the ideas behind the generation of skew distributions using symmetric kernels. This new class of distributions has as special cases the exponential, Weibull, log–normal, log–logistic and gamma distributions, and it provides an alternative for analyzing reliability and survival data. An interesting feature of the epsilon–positive family is that it can viewed as a finite scale mixture of positive distributions, facilitating the derivation and implementation of EM–type algorithms to obtain maximum likelihood estimates (MLE) with (un)censored data. We illustrate the flexibility of this family to analyze censored and uncensored data using two real examples. One of them was previously discussed in the literature; the second one consists of a new application to model recidivism data of a group of inmates released from the Chilean prisons during 2007. The results show that this new family of distributions has a better performance fitting the data than some common alternatives such as the exponential distribution.

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A Bimodal Extension of the Exponential Distribution with Applications in Risk Theory

Symmetry ◽

10.3390/sym13040679 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (4) ◽

pp. 679

Author(s):

Jimmy Reyes ◽

Emilio Gómez-Déniz ◽

Héctor W. Gómez ◽

Enrique Calderín-Ojeda

Keyword(s):

Exponential Distribution ◽

Hazard Rate ◽

Rate Function ◽

Estimation Methods ◽

Inverse Gaussian ◽

New Family ◽

Tail Distribution ◽

Zero Values ◽

The Mean ◽

Positive Support

There are some generalizations of the classical exponential distribution in the statistical literature that have proven to be helpful in numerous scenarios. Some of these distributions are the families of distributions that were proposed by Marshall and Olkin and Gupta. The disadvantage of these models is the impossibility of fitting data of a bimodal nature of incorporating covariates in the model in a simple way. Some empirical datasets with positive support, such as losses in insurance portfolios, show an excess of zero values and bimodality. For these cases, classical distributions, such as exponential, gamma, Weibull, or inverse Gaussian, to name a few, are unable to explain data of this nature. This paper attempts to fill this gap in the literature by introducing a family of distributions that can be unimodal or bimodal and nests the exponential distribution. Some of its more relevant properties, including moments, kurtosis, Fisher’s asymmetric coefficient, and several estimation methods, are illustrated. Different results that are related to finance and insurance, such as hazard rate function, limited expected value, and the integrated tail distribution, among other measures, are derived. Because of the simplicity of the mean of this distribution, a regression model is also derived. Finally, examples that are based on actuarial data are used to compare this new family with the exponential distribution.

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Psychosocial adjustment mediates impacts of playmate positive support on body mass index and overweight risk in adolescents

Public Health ◽

10.1016/j.puhe.2021.05.036 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 196 ◽

pp. 223-228

Author(s):

B. Xie ◽

S. Alismail ◽

S. Masood ◽

X. Lei ◽

M. Le ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Psychosocial Adjustment ◽

Positive Support

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An Observational Study of Teachers’ Reading Instruction of Students with Emotional or Behavioral Disorders

Behavioral Disorders ◽

10.1177/019874290202700303 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 215-235 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

Shari Levy ◽

Sharon Vaughn

Keyword(s):

Observational Study ◽

Reading Instruction ◽

Instructional Practices ◽

Behavioral Disorders ◽

Negative Feedback ◽

Student Behavior ◽

Limited Knowledge ◽

Instructional Needs ◽

Positive Support ◽

Emotional Or Behavioral Disorders

The authors documented reading instructional practices for students with emotional or behavioral disorders (E/BD) as well as strategies used by teachers to redirect behavior and provide positive support during reading. Six teachers of students with E/BD were observed during reading instruction and interviewed. Three of the six teachers provided some reading instruction that was documented as effective and designed to meet the instructional needs of students. Controlling student behavior through isolating students, providing extensive time for worksheets, and negative feedback dominated four teachers’ reading instruction. Teachers reported limited knowledge about how to teach reading.

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Adjustment among People who have Experienced Aids-Related Multiple Loss: The Role of Unsupportive Social Interactions, Social Support, and Coping

OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying ◽

10.2190/tv1j-543l-m020-b93v ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 43 (4) ◽

pp. 287-309 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Kathleen M. Ingram ◽

David A. Jones ◽

Nathan Grant Smith

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Social Interactions ◽

Avoidant Coping ◽

Unsupportive Social Interactions ◽

And Coping ◽

Multiple Loss ◽

Positive Social Support ◽

Positive Support ◽

Variance Explained

This study examined psychosocial factors that might explain individual differences in depression among people who have experienced AIDS-related multiple bereavement. We hypothesized that unsupportive responses received from others about the bereavement experience would be associated with increased depression. In a sample of 90 people who had lost two or more family members, lovers, spouses, or friends to AIDS-related death, bereavement-related unsupportive social interactions accounted for a significant amount of the variance in depression beyond the variance explained by the level of present grief. Moreover, unsupportive social interactions and positive social support made independent contributions to the level of depression, with unsupportive social interactions being significantly associated with increased depression and positive support being significantly related to decreased depression. Results also indicated that the level of bereavement-related unsupportive social interactions was positively associated with the use of avoidant coping, which, in turn, was associated with increased depression.

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EKSISTENSI PAJAK DAERAH SEBAGAI WUJUD PELAKSANAAN OTONOMI DAERAH DALAM KERANGKA GOOD FINANCIAL GOVERNANCE

Media Iuris ◽

10.20473/mi.v1i2.8828 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 251 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Galih Arya Prathama

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Financial Management ◽

Central Government ◽

Financial Resources ◽

Regional Government ◽

Delegation Of Authority ◽

Government Financing ◽

Financial Governance ◽

The Government ◽

Positive Support

The increase of regional capacity in managing the needs of Regional Development accompanied by the Delegation of Authority from Central Government to Regional Government, has implications in increasing the need for Development Funds, while the Regions can’t continue to rely on the fulfillment of these needs to the Central Government. In response to this, in implementing Autonomy, the Regions are given additional Authority of Financial Management. Such authority, creates demands for the Regions to be creative and focused in achieving the Government Goals that have been established.,As an effort to execute duties and functions of Regional Government in the form of Regional Financial Management, then a region must be able to recognize the potential and explore all the resources it has. Local Government is expected to dig deeper related to the potential derived from its own financial resources, especially in order to meet the needs of government financing and development in the region, one of them through Local Own Revenue as one of the main sources of Regional Financial Reception. Independence of Local Own Revenue for a Regional Government, giving positive support to the ability of the region in meeting the needs to build the region. Thus, the greater source of income derived from the potential owned by a region, the more freely the area can accommodate the needs of community without the interest of Central Government which is not in accordance with the needs of people in the region.

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Upaya Kepala Madrasah dalam Meningkatkan Eksistensi Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Swasta

Journal Of Administration and Educational Management (ALIGNMENT) ◽

10.31539/alignment.v3i2.1346 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 87-94

Author(s):

Japaruddin Japaruddin ◽

Hamengkubuwono Hamengkubuwono ◽

Kusen Kusen ◽

Jumira Warlizasusi ◽

Murni Yanto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Data Collection ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Qualitative Approach ◽

Learning Activities ◽

Activity Time ◽

Analysis Methods ◽

Community Supports ◽

Positive Support

This study aims to determine how the efforts of the head of madrasah to improve the existence of Private Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (MIS) 01 Kepahiang. This research uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis methods, data collection through techniques, interviews, observation and documentation. The results showed that the efforts made by the head of madrasah were through improving madrasah management so that managing madrasahs went better. To carry out this effort involves all components in the madrasah so that the efforts of the head of the madrasah can be carried out properly. The head of madrasah receives positive support from teachers and the community so that they can develop the existence of the madrasah. The internal supporting factor for the condition of the madrasah is comfort to work so that activities can run well. Then externally the community supports the learning activities. The obstacle is the lack of optimal madrasah activity time, making it difficult to implement management to improve the existence of an effective and efficient madrasah. Keywords: Efforts of the Head of Madrasah, Increasing the Existence of Madrasas.

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Comparative Advantage of Major Crops Production in Punjab: An Application of Policy Analysis Matrix

THE LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS ◽

10.35536/lje.2011.v16.i1.a3 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 63-94 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Muhammad A. Quddus ◽

Usman Mustafa

Keyword(s):

Comparative Advantage ◽

Effective Protection ◽

Export Prices ◽

Profitability Analysis ◽

Self Sufficiency ◽

Resource Cost ◽

The Given ◽

Policy Analysis Matrix ◽

Domestic Resource ◽

Positive Support

This study uses data from 1999/2000 to 2004/05 to determine the relative efficiency of major crops (wheat, rice, sugarcane, and cotton) in Punjab (Pakistan) and their comparative advantage in international trade as measured by economic profitability and the domestic resource cost (DRC) ratio. An economic profitability analysis demonstrates that Punjab has a comparative advantage in the domestic production of wheat for self-sufficiency but not for export purposes. In basmati production, Punjab has a comparative advantage, and increasing Basmati production for export is a viable economic proposition. The nominal protection coefficient (NPC), effective protection coefficient (EPC), and DRC for Irri rice are more than 1: the given input-output relationship and export prices do not give Punjab a comparative advantage in production of Irri for export. Sugarcane growers did not receive economic prices (i.e. prices reflecting true opportunity costs) during 2001/02 and 2002/03 in an importing scenario, while in 2003/04, the NPC was 1.02, indicating positive support to sugarcane growers. The NPCs estimated under an exporting situation range from 1.33 to 1.99, indicating that the prices received by growers are higher than the export parity/economic prices.

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PENERAPAN METODE SAVI (SOMATIS, AUDITORI, VISUAL, INTELEKTUAL) PADA MATA PELAJARAN AKIDAH AKHLAK UNTUK PENINGKATAN MOTIVASI BELAJAR SISWA KELAS XI IPA MADRASAH ALIYAH ASSULAIMANIYAH MOJOAGUNG JOMBANG

AL MURABBI ◽

10.35891/amb.v5i1.2079 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 82-91

Author(s):

Ali muhsin Mushin

Keyword(s):

Learning Outcomes ◽

Learning Motivation ◽

Learning Methods ◽

Data Presentation ◽

Analysis Techniques ◽

Inhibiting Factors ◽

Quality Learning ◽

Improve Student Learning ◽

Positive Support

Quality learning processes involve many things, one of which is the method or model applied by the teacher. If a teacher conveys varied and stimulating learning, students will be more interested in listening to the material presented. Conversely, if the teacher only teaches with conventional methods, namely lectures, students will be bored and not interested in listening to the material being taught. In this case the role of the learning method is very important to increase students' learning motivation, especially in the XI IPA class students.Assulaimaniyah whose application of learning is still a conventional method. They need varied learning not monotonous in order to support maximum learning outcomes, as well as the Application of SAVI Learning Methods to Increase Learning Motivation Sisawa Class XI Science MA.Assulaimaniyah Mojoagung Jombang. Based on this background, this study aims to conduct and determine the application of SAVI learning methods to improve student learning motivation when applied in the XI IPA MA class. Assulaimaniyah. Type of qualitative research with methods of collecting data on observation, interviews, documentation and library data. Data Analysis Techniques Data collection as well as data reduction, data presentation, verification and conclusions. The results showed that when the application of the SAVI method was applied, students who were previously lacking in enthusiasm in receiving learning were more enthusiastic and active in participating in these varied learning methods, so students could learn more optimally in learning. Supporting factors, positive support and encouragement from homeroom teacher and researcher motivation. Inhibiting factors Factors of oneself, such as lack of enthusiasm and enthusiasm that arise from themselves

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