Purposefulness and daily life in a pandemic: Predicting daily affect and physical symptoms during the first weeks of the COVID-19 response

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Patrick L. Hill ◽  
Patrick Klaiber ◽  
Anthony L. Burrow ◽  
Anita DeLongis ◽  
Nancy L. Sin
Keyword(s):  
Daily Life ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Daily Affect

scholarly journals The Use of Demoralization Scale in Italian Kidney Transplant Recipients

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 2119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuri Battaglia ◽  
Luigi Zerbinati ◽  
Giulia Piazza ◽  
Elena Martino ◽  
Sara Massarenti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnoses ◽  
Kidney Transplant Recipients ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
Meaning And Purpose ◽  
Demoralization Scale

Demoralization is a commonly observed syndrome in medically ill patients. The risk of demoralization may increase in patients after a kidney transplant (KTRs) because of the stressful nature of renal transplantation, psychosocial challenges, and adjustment needs. No study is available on demoralization amongst KTRs. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the validity of the Italian version of the Demoralization Scale (DS-IT) and the prevalence of demoralization in KTRs. Also, we aimed at exploring the association of the DS-IT with International Classification of Diseases (ICD) psychiatric diagnoses, post-traumatic growth (PTG), psychological and physical symptoms, and daily-life problems. A total of 134 KTRs were administered the MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview 6.0. and the Diagnostic Criteria for Psychosomatic Research–Demoralization (DCPR/D) Interview. The DS-IT, the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System (ESAS), the Canadian Problem Checklist (CPC), were used to measure demoralization, physical and psychological symptoms, and daily-life problems; also, positive psychological experience of kidney transplantation was assessed with the PTG Inventory. Routine biochemistry and sociodemographic data were collected. Exploratory factor analysis demonstrated a four-dimensional factor structure of the DS-IT, explaining 55% of the variance (loss of meaning and purpose, disheartenment, dysphoria, and sense of failure). DS-IT Cronbach alpha coefficients indicated good or acceptable level of internal consistency. The area under the Receiving Operating Characteristics (ROC) curve for DS-IT (against the DCPR/D interview as a gold standard) was 0.92. The DS-IT optimal cut-off points were ≥20 (sensitivity 0.87, specificity 0.82). By examining the level of demoralization, 14.2%, 46.3%, 24.6%, and 14.6% of our sample were classified as having no, low, moderate, and high demoralization, respectively, with differences according to the ICD psychiatric diagnoses (p < 0.001). DS-IT Total and subscales scores were positively correlated with scores of ESAS symptoms and CPC score. A correlation between DS-IT loss of meaning and purpose subscale and PTGI appreciation of life subscale (p < 0.05) was found. This study shows, for the first time, a satisfactory level of reliability of the DS-IT and a high prevalence of severe demoralization in KTRs.

Systematic Monitoring and Treatment of Physical Symptoms to Alleviate Fatigue in Patients With Advanced Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 716-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pleun J. de Raaf ◽  
Cora de Klerk ◽  
Reinier Timman ◽  
Jan J.V. Busschbach ◽  
Wendy H. Oldenmenger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Over Time

Purpose Several guidelines on the treatment of cancer-related fatigue recommend optimizing treatment of accompanying symptoms. However, evidence for this recommendation from randomized clinical trials is lacking. We investigated whether monitoring and protocolized treatment of physical symptoms alleviates fatigue. Patients and Methods In all, 152 fatigued patients with advanced cancer were randomly assigned to protocolized patient-tailored treatment (PPT) of symptoms or care as usual. The PPT group had four appointments with a nurse who assessed nine symptoms on a 0 to 10 numeric rating scale (NRS). Patients received a nonpharmacologic intervention for symptoms with a score ≥ 1 and a medical intervention for symptoms with a score ≥ 4. Fatigue dimensions, fatigue NRS score, interference of fatigue with daily life, symptom burden, quality of life, anxiety, and depression were measured at baseline and after 1, 2, and 3 months. Differences between the groups over time were assessed by using mixed modeling. Results Seventy-six patients were randomly assigned to each study arm. Mean age was 58 ± 10 years, 57% were female, and 65% were given palliative chemotherapy. We found significant improvements over time in favor of PPT for the primary outcome general fatigue (P = .01), with significant group differences at month 1 (effect size, 0.26; P = .007) and month 2 (effect size, 0.35; P = .005). Improvements in favor of PPT were also found for the following secondary outcomes: fatigue dimensions “reduced activity” and “reduced motivation,” fatigue NRS, symptom burden, interference of fatigue with daily life, and anxiety (all P ≤ .03). Conclusion In fatigued patients with advanced cancer, nurse-led monitoring and protocolized treatment of physical symptoms is effective in alleviating fatigue.

scholarly journals Neural correlates of up-regulating positive emotions in fMRI and their link to affect in daily life

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1049-1059
Author(s):  
Johanna M Grosse Rueschkamp ◽  
Annette Brose ◽  
Arno Villringer ◽  
Michael Gaebler
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Ventral Striatum ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Affective Processing ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Affective Valence ◽  
Daily Affect ◽  
Subcortical Regions

Abstract Emotion regulation is typically used to down-regulate negative or up-regulate positive emotions. While there is considerable evidence for the neural correlates of the former, less is known about the neural correlates of the latter—and how they are associated with emotion regulation and affect in daily life. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were acquired from 63 healthy young participants (22 ± 1.6 years, 30 female), while they up-regulated their emotions to positive and neutral images or passively watched them. The same participants’ daily affect and emotion regulation behavior was measured using experience sampling over 10 days. Focusing on the ventral striatum (VS), previously associated with positive affective processing, we found increased activation during the up-regulation to both positive and neutral images. VS activation for the former positively correlated with between- and within-person differences in self-reported affective valence during fMRI but was not significantly associated with up-regulation in daily life. However, participants with lower daily affect showed a stronger association between changes in affect and activation in emotion-related (medial frontal and subcortical) regions—including the VS. These results support the involvement of the VS in up-regulating positive emotions and suggest a neurobehavioral link between emotion-related brain activation and daily affect.

Keeping the maintenance of daily life in spite of Chronic Heart Failure. A qualitative study

2007 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 192-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solvig Falk ◽  
Anna-Karin Wahn ◽  
Evy Lidell
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Day Care ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Specialist Nurse ◽  
Daily Routines ◽  
Surrounding World ◽  
Phenomenographic Method

Background Patients with CHF (Chronic Heart Failure) is an increasing group in the society. They often experience increasing powerlessness and depression in daily life as well as difficulties adhering to other physical symptoms. Many patients have difficulties to deal with daily demands. Aims To describe how persons, living with CHF, perceived the maintenance of their daily life. Methods This study was following a phenomenographic method in order to describe variations of perceptions. Data was collected through taped interviews, taken from 17 patients. The sample was selected from patients attending a specialist Chronic Heart Failure day care unit. Results Five main categories were identified from 345 statements describing variations in how patients with CHF kept maintenance in their daily life. The categories include: dealing with the realities of life, dealing with thoughts about life's infinity, taking responsibility, dealing with the surrounding world and keeping up with values of life. Conclusion The illness symptoms clearly affected daily routines but participants showed remarkable resolve and showed that values in life could be maintained albeit with a few adjustments. No patient expressed a desire to give up. Understanding patients’ perceptions the specialist nurse can transfer these knowledge to other patients in similar situations.

Abstract 126: Inside Transitional Care: What Actually Happens During These Visits?

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherry M Bumpus ◽  
Minnie Bluhm ◽  
Rachel Sylvester ◽  
Joshua Dean ◽  
Michaela Steinbacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transitional Care ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Care Program ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Unplanned Readmission ◽  
Post Discharge

Background: Bridging the Discharge Gap Effectively (BRIDGE) is a nurse practitioner (NP) delivered transitional care program designed to provide cardiac patients a timely, guideline-based, first post-discharge visit. BRIDGE follow-up within 14 days of discharge has been shown to reduce early adverse events, including rehospitalization, for ACS patients, at a cost savings. Despite this success, there is little evidence documenting what occurs during these visits. The purpose of this study is to examine the content of first post-discharge visits. Methods: Mixed methods design was used to examine content of BRIDGE visits and assess patient perceptions of rapport with their NP. Visits with 17 ACS patients were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Transcripts were coded and analyzed using conventional content analysis to identify themes within and across visits. Patients completed the Consultation and Relational Empathy (CARE) scale and a modified Patient-Doctor Relationship Questionnaire (PDRQ9). Demographic information and details of 30-day readmissions were abstracted from patient charts. Results: Nineteen patients consented; 17 (89%) completed the study. Most were male (14, 73.7%) and white (15, 78.9%). Average age was 61.6 years. One (5%) had an unplanned readmission. NP priorities during visits included clinical history, medication reconciliation, patient education, and referrals. Patients were screened for guideline-driven secondary prevention queues such as physical symptoms, diet, physical activity, and smoking. Patient priorities included questions about daily life (can I play catch with my grandson); clinical questions (can a stress test cause a heart attack); feelings (he feels like dying; I feel helpless), and fear of death (I’m afraid if I go to sleep I might not wake up). On average, NPs contributed 59% of the verbal content of the visits. Patients felt highly connected with NPs (mean PDRQ9 43.05 + 3.1; possible range 5, 45, α=.95) and viewed them as deeply empathic (mean CARE 43.5 + 2.8); possible range 0, 50, α=.94). Discussion: A qualitative approach resulted in nuanced understandings of the content of first post-discharge visits. Patients and NPs have overlapping priorities for these visits. Both concern themselves with managing the medical condition. In addition, patients reveal other priorities, such as how to carry on with daily life and manage feelings and fears. Notably, assessment of psychosocial issues and mental health were absent, suggesting an opportunity to enhance patient care. NPs may be ideally suited to begin filling this gap given their excellent rapport with patients and expertise in motivational interviewing. It is plausible that these factors also contribute to the success of the BRIDGE program in reducing 30-day readmissions. Further research is needed with larger sample sizes and other types of providers to fully assess their impact.

scholarly journals Daily Alcohol and Cigarette Use Among Sexual Minority Adults: Moderating Role of Daily Stress and Daily Well-Being

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 860-861
Author(s):  
Agus Surachman ◽  
Britney Wardecker ◽  
Cara Exten ◽  
Jes Matsick ◽  
David Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Cigarette Use ◽  
Daily Stress ◽  
Older Adulthood ◽  
Daily Affect ◽  
And Bisexual ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Moderating Role

Abstract The goal of this study was two-fold: 1) to investigate whether gay, lesbian, and bisexual (GLB) adults, compared to heterosexual adults, used alcohol and cigarettes daily to a greater extent, and 2) to test the moderating role of daily stress and well-being on the association between GLB status and alcohol and cigarette use. We analyzed data from 3,421 adults (GLB = 98; age range = 20-83 years) who completed an 8-day daily diary protocol as part of the Midlife in the U.S. Study (MIDUS). Compared to heterosexual adults, GLB participants reported greater daily alcohol and cigarette use. However, among GLB individuals, more negative affect was associated with less daily alcohol use and people who reported more stressor days and physical symptoms across the week consumed less alcohol. We will discuss how daily affect, stress, and substance use may function differently among GLB people in middle and older adulthood.

Counseling Adolescents With Hearing Loss Using a Narrative Therapy Approach

2009 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Nelson Crowell ◽  
Julie Hanenburg ◽  
Amy Gilbertson
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Process Evaluation ◽  
Narrative Therapy ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Therapy Approach ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Counseling Adolescents

Abstract Audiologists have a responsibility to counsel patients with auditory concerns on methods to manage the inherent challenges associated with hearing loss at every point in the process: evaluation, hearing aid fitting, and follow-up visits. Adolescents with hearing loss struggle with the typical developmental challenges along with communicative challenges that can erode one's self-esteem and self-worth. The feeling of “not being connected” to peers can result in feelings of isolation and depression. This article advocates the use of a Narrative Therapy approach to counseling adolescents with hearing loss. Adolescents with hearing loss often have problem-saturated narratives regarding various components of their daily life, friendships, amplification, academics, etc. Audiologists can work with adolescents with hearing loss to deconstruct the problem-saturated narratives and rebuild the narratives into a more empowering message. As the adolescent retells their positive narrative, they are likely to experience increased self-esteem and self-worth.

Assessment of health related issues in individuals’, couples’, and families’ daily life

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 146-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meinrad Perrez ◽  
Michael Reicherts ◽  
Yves Hänggi ◽  
Andrea B. Horn ◽  
Gisela Michel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Lower Variability

Abstract. Most research in health psychology is based on retrospective self reports, which are distorted by recall biases and have low ecological validity. To overcome such limitations we developed computer assisted diary approaches to assess health related behaviours in individuals’, couples’ and families’ daily life. The event- and time-sampling-based instruments serve to assess appraisals of the current situation, feelings of physical discomfort, current emotional states, conflict and emotion regulation in daily life. They have proved sufficient reliability and validity in the context of individual, couple and family research with respect to issues like emotion regulation and health. As examples: Regarding symptom reporting curvilinear pattern of frequencies over the day could be identified by parents and adolescents; or psychological well-being is associated with lower variability in basic affect dimensions. In addition, we report on preventive studies to improve parental skills and enhance their empathic competences towards their baby, and towards their partner.

Low Self-Control of Emotions as an Antecedent of Self-Reported Physical Symptoms: A Longitudinal Perspective

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marja Kokkonen ◽  
Lea Pulkkinen ◽  
Taru Kinnunen
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Eysenck Personality Questionnaire ◽  
Positive Direction ◽  
Data Collections ◽  
Low Self Control

The study was part of the Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development, underway since 1968, in which children's low self-control of emotions was studied using teacher ratings at age 8 in terms of inattentiveness, shifting moods, aggression, and anxiety. The study was based on data from 112 women and 112 men who participated in the previous data collections at ages 8, 27, and 36. At age 27, the participants had been assessed in Neuroticism (N) using the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire , and at age 36 they filled in several inventories measuring, among others, conscious and active attempts to repair negative emotions in a more positive direction as well as physical symptoms. The present study used structural equation modeling to test the hypothesis that personality characteristics indicating low self-control of emotions at ages 8 and 27 are antecedents of self-reported physical symptoms at age 36; and that this relationship is indirect, mediated by attempts to repair negative emotions in a more positive direction. The findings showed, albeit for men only, that inattentiveness at age 8 was positively related to self-reported physical symptoms at age 36 via high N at age 27 and low attempts to repair negative emotions at age 36. Additionally, N at age 27 was directly linked to self-reported physical symptoms at age 36. The mediation of an active attempt to repair negative emotions was not found for women. Correlations revealed, however, that shifting moods and aggression in girls were antecedents of self-reported physical symptoms in adulthood, particularly, pain and fatigue.

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