Exploring Contradictory Roles: A Qualitative Examination of Women in Church, Home, and Work Settings

Adults on the autism spectrum, despite having received intervention throughout their childhood and adolescence, continue to experience challenges with everyday social interactions, forming and maintaining relationships, and social abilities needed in work settings. This article presents a case example of a 22-year-old adult with Asperger syndrome, and highlights the issues in providing intervention for highly able young adults on the autism spectrum. A unique feature of this report is the inclusion of the client's own insights into his experiences, perspectives, and challenges with the intervention. The approaches used to address his social communication and organizational needs are outlined, and clinical implications discussed.

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Critical Review on Suicide Among Nurses

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000305 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 91-101 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Marie Alderson ◽

Xavier Parent-Rocheleau ◽

Brian Mishara

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Literature Review ◽

High Stress ◽

Related Factors ◽

Work Settings ◽

Work Related ◽

High Prevalence ◽

Full Text Review ◽

The Subject ◽

Psychiatric Problems

Background: Research shows that there is a high prevalence of suicide among nurses. Despite this, it has been 15 years since the last literature review on the subject was published. Aim: The aim of this article is to review the knowledge currently available on the risk of suicide among nurses and on contributory risk factors. Method: A search was conducted in electronic databases using keywords related to prevalence and risk factors of suicide among nurses. The abstracts were analyzed by reviewers according to selection criteria. Selected articles were submitted to a full-text review and their key elements were summarized. Results: Only nine articles were eligible for inclusion in this review. The results of this literature review highlight both the troubling high prevalence of suicide among nurses as well as the persistent lack of studies that examine this issue. Conclusion: Considering that the effects of several factors related to nurses' work and work settings are associated with high stress, distress, or psychiatric problems, we highlight the relevance of investigating work-related factors associated with nurses' risk of suicide. Several avenues for future studies are discussed as well as possible research methods.

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The Relation Between Financial Incentives, Motivation, and Performance

Journal of Personnel Psychology ◽

10.1027/1866-5888/a000182 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 61-76 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Anaïs Thibault Landry ◽

Marylène Gagné ◽

Jacques Forest ◽

Sylvie Guerrero ◽

Michel Séguin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Financial Incentives ◽

Work Performance ◽

Autonomous Motivation ◽

Compensation Plans ◽

Work Settings ◽

Path Analyses ◽

Three Samples ◽

And Performance ◽

Performance Results

Abstract. To this day, researchers are debating the adequacy of using financial incentives to bolster performance in work settings. Our goal was to contribute to current understanding by considering the moderating role of distributive justice in the relation between financial incentives, motivation, and performance. Based on self-determination theory, we hypothesized that when bonuses are fairly distributed, using financial incentives makes employees feel more competent and autonomous, which in turn fosters greater autonomous motivation and lower controlled motivation, and better work performance. Results from path analyses in three samples supported our hypotheses, suggesting that the effect of financial incentives is contextual, and that compensation plans using financial incentives and bonuses can be effective when properly managed.

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17. Boundaries or overlap: An examination of the community-oriented clinical practice of community medicine specialists and family/general practitioners

Clinical & Investigative Medicine ◽

10.25011/cim.v30i4.2777 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 36

Author(s):

M. L. Russell ◽

L. McIntyre

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Primary Care ◽

Clinical Practice ◽

Community Health ◽

Royal College ◽

Community Medicine ◽

Work Setting ◽

Public Health Medicine ◽

Work Settings ◽

Main Work

We compared the work settings and “community-oriented clinical practice” of Community Medicine (CM) specialists and family physicians/general practitioners (FP). We conducted secondary data analysis of the 2004 National Physician Survey (NPS) to examine main work setting and clinical activity reported by 154 CM (40% of eligible CM in Canada) and 11,041 FP (36% of eligible FP in Canada). Text data from the specialist questionnaire related to “most common conditions that you treat” were extracted from the Master database for CM specialists, and subjected to thematic analysis and coded. CM specialists were more likely than FP to engage in “community medicine/public health” (59.7% vs 15.3%); while the opposite was found for primary care (13% vs. 78.2%). CM specialists were less likely to indicate a main work setting of private office/clinic/community health centre/community hospital than were FP (13.6% vs. 75.6%). Forty-five percent of CM provided a response to “most common conditions treated” with the remainder either leaving the item blank or indicating that they did not treat individual patients. The most frequently named conditions in rank order were: psychiatric disorders; public health program/activity; respiratory problems; hypertension; and metabolic disorders (diabetes). There is some overlap in the professional activities and work settings of CM specialists and FP. The “most commonly treated conditions” suggest that some CM specialists may be practicing primary care as part of the Royal College career path of “community-oriented clinical practice.” However the “most commonly treated conditions” do not specifically indicate an orientation of that practice towards “an emphasis on health promotion and disease prevention” as also specified by the Royal College for that CM career path. This raises questions about the appropriateness of the current training requirements and career paths as delineated for CM specialists by the Royal College of Physicians & Surgeons of Canada. Bhopal R. Public health medicine and primary health care: convergent, divergent, or parallel paths? J Epidemiol Community Health 1995; 49:113-6. Pettersen BJ, Johnsen R. More physicians in public health: less public health work? Scan J Public Health 2005; 33:91-8. Stanwell-Smith R. Public health medicine in transition. J Royal Society of Medicine 2001; 94(7):319-21.

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Identity in transition: an interpretative phenomenological analysis of international humanitarian workers’ experiences of returning home

Journal of International Humanitarian Action ◽

10.1186/s41018-021-00091-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Emilia Marie Wersig ◽

Kevin Wilson-Smith

Keyword(s):

Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽

Phenomenological Analysis ◽

Moral Values ◽

Future Research ◽

Aid Workers ◽

Structured Interviews ◽

Work Settings ◽

Returning Home ◽

The Uk ◽

Humanitarian Work

AbstractThis interpretative phenomenological analysis explores aid workers’ understanding of identity and belonging through the transition from working in humanitarian aid to returning home. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 10 participants who had returned to the UK after working in recently founded non-governmental organisations in Northern France between 2016 and 2019. Analysis of interview data identified four superordinate themes: (1) shared humanitarian identity, (2) limits and borders, (3) holding on to humanitarian identity and (4) redefining belonging and identity. Aid workers’ belonging in humanitarian work settings is rooted in shared moral values and being able to fulfil a clearly defined role. Upon returning, aid workers struggled to reintegrate, manifesting as denial of having left humanitarian work, re-creation of the social setting and moral demarcation. Participants formed a new sense of belonging through redefining their social in-group. The study sheds light on a previously unexplored area of research, specifically characterised through the closeness of the international humanitarian setting and participants’ homes. Findings suggest organisations can assist aid workers’ re-entry by supporting professional distance in the field, and through opportunities that allow to sustain moral values post-mission. Future research should focus on the role of peer support in the re-entry process and the re-entry experiences of aid workers returning from comparable settings further afield (e.g. Greece).

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Relationship between Personality and Learning Goal Orientation Preceding the First Employment

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13063003 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 3003

Author(s):

Maja Daraboš Longin ◽

Domagoj Hruška ◽

Vedrana Sedinić

Keyword(s):

Personality Traits ◽

Goal Orientation ◽

Management Practices ◽

Organizational Socialization ◽

Early Stage ◽

Work Settings ◽

Learning Goal Orientation ◽

Business Administration Students ◽

New Ideas ◽

Level Of Motivation

The purpose of this study is to explore the relation between personality traits and the level of aspiration to acquire new skills and improve one’s competence in the midst of first employment. Although with mixed results, previous studies indicated that personality attributes influence goal orientation, both in the school and work settings. However, there have not been any studies that have specifically analysed this relation in the context preceding the first employment. The results of this research, on a sample of last-semester business administration students of an esteemed mid-European university, indicate that prior to the first employment, two personality traits—openness to new ideas and disposition to negative emotions—influence the level of motivation to acquire knowledge and novel modes of action. Insight into the antecedents of an individual’s orientation towards increasing and developing competencies prior to the first employment is an important topic for organizations who have the imperative to develop more sustainable knowledge management practices in an early stage of organizational socialization.

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Perceived Fit and User Behavior in Activity-Based Work Environments

Environment and Behavior ◽

10.1177/0013916521995480 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 001391652199548

Author(s):

Jan Gerard Hoendervanger ◽

Nico W. Van Yperen ◽

Mark P. Mobach ◽

Casper J. Albers

Keyword(s):

User Behavior ◽

Experience Sampling ◽

Work Environments ◽

Work Setting ◽

Perceived Fit ◽

High Concentration ◽

Work Settings ◽

Study Experience ◽

Open Work

While activity-based working is gaining popularity worldwide, research shows that workers frequently experience a misfit between the task at hand and their work setting. In the current study, experience sampling data were used to examine how perceived fit in activity-based work environments is related to user behavior (i.e., the use of work settings and setting-switching). We found that workers’ perceived fit was higher when they used closed rather than open work settings for individual high-concentration work. Furthermore, more frequent setting-switching was related to higher perceived fit. Unexpectedly, however, this relation was observed only among workers low in activity-switching. These findings indicate that user behavior may indeed be relevant to creating fit in activity-based work environments. To optimize workers’ perceived fit, it seems to be particularly important to facilitate and stimulate the use of closed work settings for individual high-concentration work.

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A snapshot of potential: Using situational assessments to capture the moment

Journal of Vocational Rehabilitation ◽

10.3233/jvr-211134 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Jessica Short

Keyword(s):

Work Environments ◽

Job Seekers ◽

Work Settings ◽

Hands On ◽

Work Tasks ◽

Support Employment ◽

Employment Support ◽

Situational Assessment ◽

The Moment ◽

Employment Choices

BACKGROUND: A contributing factor to the higher unemployment rates of adults with disabilities is the limited opportunities to gain insight into employment options. Assessments are often used to learn a job seekers skills, preferences, and support needs. Situational assessments in real work settings create hands-on experiences with a variety of work tasks and work environments which better inform the employment choices of job seekers. METHODS: This article explores situational assessments and introduces a tool designed for the employment support professional conducting the assessment to capture information necessary to make more informed employment choices. RESULTS: This article defines situational assessments while introducing a person-centered tool to support employment support professionals to effectively document and analyze the observations of each situational assessment.

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Algorithmic management in a work context

Big Data & Society ◽

10.1177/20539517211020332 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 205395172110203

Author(s):

Mohammad Hossein Jarrahi ◽

Gemma Newlands ◽

Min Kyung Lee ◽

Christine T. Wolf ◽

Eliscia Kinder ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Information Exchange ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Machine Learning Algorithms ◽

Organizational Level ◽

Future Research ◽

Power Dynamics ◽

Work Processes ◽

Work Settings ◽

Standard Work ◽

Management Functions

The rapid development of machine-learning algorithms, which underpin contemporary artificial intelligence systems, has created new opportunities for the automation of work processes and management functions. While algorithmic management has been observed primarily within the platform-mediated gig economy, its transformative reach and consequences are also spreading to more standard work settings. Exploring algorithmic management as a sociotechnical concept, which reflects both technological infrastructures and organizational choices, we discuss how algorithmic management may influence existing power and social structures within organizations. We identify three key issues. First, we explore how algorithmic management shapes pre-existing power dynamics between workers and managers. Second, we discuss how algorithmic management demands new roles and competencies while also fostering oppositional attitudes toward algorithms. Third, we explain how algorithmic management impacts knowledge and information exchange within an organization, unpacking the concept of opacity on both a technical and organizational level. We conclude by situating this piece in broader discussions on the future of work, accountability, and identifying future research steps.

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