Expanding the use of private resources in the Republic of Korea's national defense

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-498
Author(s):  
Sung Jong Yun
Keyword(s):  
National Defense ◽  
The Republic

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTATION OF PRESIDENTIAL POWER BASED ON THE 1945 STATE CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA

PRANATA HUKUM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (01) ◽  
pp. 45-59
Author(s):  
Baharudin ◽  
Indah Satria ◽  
Sopian Efendi
Keyword(s):  
Air Force ◽  
Presidential Power ◽  
National Defense ◽  
State Constitution ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Republic

The unclear regulation on the power of President as the highst war Command of the Army, Navy And Air Force, raises the problems in the practices of Indonesian State. It has the scope and implementation of power of President based on Article 10 Constitution. The method of this research used this paper is juridical normative, juridical historic, and juridical comparative. The research was undertaken on library research to collect primary, and tertiary data. The result of research, showed that scope of President power based on article 10 of the 1945 Constitution include the financial, personal, and National defense. Implementation of President power based on Article 10 of the 1945 Constitution as long as the Presdiden government of Indonesia has implementatition. The was Command, was used as power instrument.

Evaluation of Defense Region Arrangement Policy in Region Space Order Plan of Bandung City, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 532
Author(s):  
Wibisono POESPITOHADI ◽  
Marsono MARSONO ◽  
Khaerudin KHAERUDIN
Keyword(s):  
Government Regulation ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Implementation Process ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
National Defense ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Space Order ◽  
The City ◽  
Spatial Plan

The 1945 Constitution, article 27 paragraph (3) and article 30 paragraph (1) mandates every citizen about the rights and obligations of every Indonesian citizen in the defense and security efforts of the state. State defense efforts are carried out in a universal defense system involving all citizens. In addition, the arrangement of defense areas throughout the Republic of Indonesia is based on Government Regulation Number 68 of 2014 concerning the Arrangement of National Defense Areas starting from the provincial level to the district/city level. One of them is in the city of Bandung. The implementation of the defense area arrangement is carried out in an integrated manner with the regional spatial plan. But its implementation in the city of Bandung has not been fully integrated. For this reason, research or evaluation of this policy is carried out. The research problem is about the initial conditions (antecedent), the implementation process (transaction), and the achievement results (outcomes) of the defense area arrangement policy in the Bandung City Spatial Plan. The aim of the research is to evaluate the policies at these three stages. This study uses a qualitative method with Stake's Countenance Model. The results of the study show: (1) the initial condition of the defense area arrangement in the Bandung City Spatial Plan has been based on Law Number 26 of 2007 concerning Spatial Planning and has been synergized, but not maximal yet; (2) the policy implementation process has been implemented, but not maximal ye; and (3) the results of the achievement of policies in the form of a Defense Area Plan have been realized and a the Defense Area Detail Plan has not been realized and has not been used as a reference in the preparation of the Bandung City Spatial Plan. The conclusion that the defense area arrangement policy in the Bandung City Spatial Plan was 57.7% in the moderate/moderate category.  

The War With the United States and the Crisis in Mexican Thought

1957 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles A. Hale
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
The United States ◽  
Peace Treaty ◽  
National Defense ◽  
The North ◽  
Military Revolutions ◽  
Mexican Government ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Republic

After a border skirmish at the Rio Grande on April 25, 1846, A Mexico and the United States were at war, and within a few months Zachary Taylor’s troops had overrun the north, reaching Monterrey and Saltillo. At the same time an expedition under Winfield Scott landed at Vera Cruz and pushed inward along the ancient road of conquest, reaching the gates of Mexico City by August, 1847. Mexican resistance was heroic and determined in spots, but disorganization and poor leadership played havoc with any attempt at national defense. The capital fell and was occupied by the invaders, the Mexican government fled to Querétaro, and an ignominious peace treaty was negotiated and accepted by the helpless Mexicans, though not without serious opposition from the radical (puro) element which favored a last-ditch resistance. With the rapid subjection of the country and the loss of more than half its territory, the once proud and optimistic nation of Iturbide was left stunned; and it turned to bitter reflection upon its paralyzed condition and its flagrant display of weakness when faced by a small and not too efficient force of invaders.The very independence of Mexico was now threatened. Such an easy victory by a powerful neighbor would mean that Mexico might at any time be absorbed by the United States, especially when there was a movement for that purpose already afoot north of the Rio Grande. The easy optimism of the early days of the republic had now vanished. The shock of military disaster, after the dismal decade of mediocrity and humdrum military revolutions, accentuated a crisis in Mexican thought. Both liberals and conservatives now saw the necessity of imposing radical changes upon the course of independent Mexico. Since the overthrow of the radical Gómez Farias government in 1834, the country had been allowed to drift, and when the Americans invaded, its vigor appeared to be gone. In spite of the presence of a sizable moderate party, the factions became sharply differentiated as they had never been before in the history of the republic, except perhaps for the year 1832. Liberals and conservatives appealed to their traditional programs for solutions to Mexico’s crisis of 1847, and the seeds were sown for a great conflict.

scholarly journals MEMBANGUN KESADARAN BELA NEGARA MASYARAKAT PEDESAAN BERBASIS NILAI KEARIFAN LOKAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 529
Author(s):  
Usman Alhudawi ◽  
Ernawati Simatupang ◽  
Fazli Rachman
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
National Defense ◽  
Data Display ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Community Group ◽  
The Awakening ◽  
Analysis Process ◽  
The Republic ◽  
State Defense ◽  
The Village

Participating in State Defense is one of the important mandates contained in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. State Defense needs to be done by all responsible holders in creating Indonesia as a smart and prosperous nation. State Defense becomes important because national defense and security activities are not only left entirely to TNI and POLRI institutions.Therefore, various efforts are needed to reach all elements of Indonesian citizens who are dynamic and varied in their knowledge. The village community as a distinctive entity for Indonesian citizenship has not been properly touched with regard to efforts to instill awareness of defending the country. This article will discuss in detail the potential for the involvement of local wisdom values in the development of awareness of state defense in rural communities. Local wisdom is part of the strategy of a particular community group in order to achieve their needs. The research method used is qualitative. This research was conducted by studying literature with qualitative data collection techniques in the form of a literature study (literature). Meanwhile, the data analysis process used is data reduction, data display, verification, and conclusion. The results show that the approach to the value of local wisdom has an influence on the awakening of awareness of state defense in rural communities. The nature of the approach based on the valuesof local wisdom which is closely related to the habits of community life has implications for the awakening of awareness of state defense in such levels of society. Ikut serta dalam Bela Negara merupakan salah satu amanat penting yang termuat dalam Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945. Bela Negara perlu dilakukan oleh seluruh pemegang tanggung jawab dalam menciptakan Indonesia sebagai bangsa yang cerdas dan sejahtera. Bela Negara menjadi penting karena aktivitas pertahanan dan keamanan nasional tidak hanya diserahkan sepenuhnya kepada institusi TNI dan POLRI. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan berbagai upaya dalam dalam menjangkau seluruh elemen warga negara Indonesia yang dinamis dan variatif dalam pengetahuannya. Masyarakat desa sebagai suatu entitas khas kewarganegaraan Indonesia belum tersentuh dengan baik terkait upaya-upaya menanamkan kesadaran bela negara. Artikel ini akan mengulas dengan rinci potensi pelibatan nilai kearifan lokal dalam pembangunan kesadaran bela negara di tatanan masyarakat pedesaan. Kearifan lokal merupakan bagian dari strategi suatu kelompok masyarakat tertentu dalam rangka mencapai kebutuhan hidupnya. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan studi literatur dengan teknik pengumpulan data kualitatif berupa studi pustaka (literatur). Sementara itu, proses analisis data yang digunakan adalah reduksi data, display data, verifikasi dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil menunjukan bahwa pendekatan nilai kearifan lokal memberikan pengaruh atas terbangunnya kesadaran bela negara masyarakat pedesaan. Sifat pendekatan berbasis nilai kearifan lokal yang lekat dengan kebiasaan kehidupan masyarakat, berimplikasi pada terbangunnya kesadaran bela negara pada lapisan masyarakat demikian. 

scholarly journals OPTIMALISASI SISHANKAMRATA MELALUI PENERAPAN LIMA PILAR TOTAL DEFENCE SEBAGAI UPAYA MEWUJUDKAN NEGARA INDONESIA YANG BERDAULAT

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-167
Author(s):  
Wahyu Beny Mukti Setiyawan ◽  
Bagus Hanindyo Mantri ◽  
Amir Junaidi
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
World Population ◽  
National Defense ◽  
Defense System ◽  
National Goal ◽  
Defence System ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic

AbstrakMenurut data statistik kependudukan dunia megatakan bahwa Negara Indonesia memliki jumlah penduduk terbanyak ke-empat, sebanyak 237,6 juta jiwa. Indonesia juga merupakan negara kepulauan yang terbesar di dunia (the biggest archipelago state in the world). Keadaan tanahnya yang subur, dan terletak diantara dua benua serta dua samudera besar, membuat posisi geografis Indonesia sangat strategis. Hal ini menyebabkan banyak negara lain di dunia sejak dulu ingin menguasai bumi nusantara ini. Pembukaan UUD NRI 1945 merupakan sumber dorongan terbesar tekad bangsa Indonesia untuk mencapai suatu tujuan bangsa. Salah satu upayanya adalah dengan memperkuat pertahanan dan keamanan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia. Namun, pada penerapanya saat ini SISHANKAMRATA belum berjalan secara optimal dalam melindungi dan mempertahankan kedaulatan negara Indonesia. Hal ini disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor seperti rendahnya kualitas SDM, lemahnya ketahanan ekonomi Indonesia, kurang harmonisnya hubungan TNI dan Polri, rendahnya stabilitas politik, dan pudarnya rasa nasionalisme pada generasi muda. Untuk itu diperlukannya sebuah Kebijakan Pembangunan Kekuatan Pertahanan mencakup pembangunan kemampuan nasional. Konsep Optimalisasi SISHANKAMRATA dengan 5 Pilar Total Defence System sebagai pembaharuan dan penguatan dari pertahanan nasional dengan menggabungkan konsep SISHANKAMRATA Indonesia dengan konsep Total Defence System Singapura yang selaras dengan cita-cita Dasar Negara. Jenis penelitian yang akan digunakan penulis dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian yuridis-normatif dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan perundang-undangan (statue-approach), pendekatan konseptual (conseptual approach), dan pendekatan komparatif (comparative approach), Konsep Optimalisasi SISHANKAMRATA dengan lima Pilar Total Defence System memberikan solusi yang solutif dalam awal langkah baru menyongsong negara Indonesia yang Berdaulat dengan Pengoptimalan Sistem Pertahanan Nasional Indonesia dalam Kerangka SIHANKAMRATA.Kata kunci: SISHANKAMRATA,Sumber daya Manusia.AbstrakAccording to world population statistics, Indonesia has the fourth largest population, 237.6 million. Indonesia is also the largest archipelago country in the world (the biggest archipelago state in the world). The condition of the fertile land, and is located between two continents and two large oceans, makes Indonesia's geographical position very strategic. This has caused many other countries in the world to have always wanted to dominate this archipelago. The preamble to the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia is the greatest source of encouragement for the Indonesian nation's determination to achieve a national goal. One of the efforts is to strengthen the defense and security of the Republic of Indonesia. However, in its current implementation, SISHANKAMRATA has not been running optimally in protecting and defending the sovereignty of the Indonesian state. This is due to several factors such as the low quality of human resources, the weak resilience of the Indonesian economy, the lack of harmony between the TNI and the Police, low political stability, and a fading sense of nationalism in the younger generation. For this reason, a Defense Force Development Policy is needed which includes building national capabilities. The concept of optimizing SISHANKAMRATA with 5 Pillars of Total Defense System as a renewal and strengthening of national defense by combining the Indonesian SISHANKAMRATA concept with the Singapore Total Defense System concept which is in line with the Basic ideals of the State. The type of research that the writer will use in this research is juridical-normative research using the statue-approach method, the conceptual approach, and the comparative approach, the SISHANKAMRATA Optimization Concept with the five Pillars of Total Defense. The system provides a solution that is a solution in the beginning of a new step towards welcoming the Sovereign Indonesian state by optimizing the Indonesian National Defense System in the SIHANKAMRATA Framewor.Keywords: SISHANKAMRATA,Human Resources.

scholarly journals Makassar War in the Perspective of the Indonesian Total War

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruslan Arief ◽  
I Wayan Midhio ◽  
Helda Risman ◽  
Syaiful Anwar ◽  
Lukman Yudho Prakoso
Keyword(s):  
Social Conflict ◽  
Trade Association ◽  
National Defense ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Total War ◽  
East Indies ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Two Sides

The purpose of writing this article is to take a lesson from history and then make a comparison in order to find the strengths and weaknesses of a nation in implementing a defense system, and it is stipulated in a state document in the form of law if we look at events that occurred in the past, the location of the port Somba Opu is located in a very strategic area, which is located between Malacca and Maluku which makes the VOC (Verenigde Oost Indische Compagnie) or the East Indies Trade Association intending to implement monopolistic practices; therefore Makassar port must be controlled and must be under VOC control. In addition, the VOC did its best to provide spices to the European market by monopolizing the spice trade in the archipelago. While also wanting the divine government to be under VOC control, this was a threat to the interests of trade and shipping on the island of Maluku for the Makassar Sultanate since the arrival of the VOC. Because of that, there was trade competition between the Kingdom of Gowa and the VOC, and it was inevitable that there would be friction which resulted in the emergence of social conflict between the Sultanate of Makassar and the VOC, which at its peak broke out in a war between the two sides known as the Makassar War in the XVII century. The conflict continued after the Bongaya agreement on November 18, 1668, which led to major changes in the Bugis-Makassar Kingdom. The VOC obtained a trade monopoly in Makassar, and all non-Dutch Europeans were forced to leave Makassar. The conflict in Makassar resulted in an unstable security situation. The universal defense system, as stated in the Republic of Indonesia Law (RI Law) Number 3 of 2002 concerning national defense, has stipulated that the Indonesian defense system is SISHANKAMRATA, where the contribution of the people in it is an important part).

scholarly journals Makassar War in the Perspective of the Indonesian Total War

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruslan Arief ◽  
◽  
I Wayan Midhio ◽  
Helda Risman ◽  
Syaiful Anwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Conflict ◽  
Trade Association ◽  
National Defense ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Total War ◽  
East Indies ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Two Sides

The purpose of writing this article is to take a lesson from history and then make a comparison in order to find the strengths and weaknesses of a nation in implementing a defense system, and it is stipulated in a state document in the form of law if we look at events that occurred in the past, the location of the port Somba Opu is located in a very strategic area, which is located between Malacca and Maluku which makes the VOC (Verenigde Oost Indische Compagnie) or the East Indies Trade Association intending to implement monopolistic practices; therefore Makassar port must be controlled and must be under VOC control. In addition, the VOC did its best to provide spices to the European market by monopolizing the spice trade in the archipelago. While also wanting the divine government to be under VOC control, this was a threat to the interests of trade and shipping on the island of Maluku for the Makassar Sultanate since the arrival of the VOC. Because of that, there was trade competition between the Kingdom of Gowa and the VOC, and it was inevitable that there would be friction which resulted in the emergence of social conflict between the Sultanate of Makassar and the VOC, which at its peak broke out in a war between the two sides known as the Makassar War in the XVII century. The conflict continued after the Bongaya agreement on November 18, 1668, which led to major changes in the Bugis-Makassar Kingdom. The VOC obtained a trade monopoly in Makassar, and all non-Dutch Europeans were forced to leave Makassar. The conflict in Makassar resulted in an unstable security situation. The universal defense system, as stated in the Republic of Indonesia Law (RI Law) Number 3 of 2002 concerning national defense, has stipulated that the Indonesian defense system is SISHANKAMRATA, where the contribution of the people in it is an important part).

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF MODERNIZATION OF MAIN EQUIPMENT OF BEKANG BATTALION DEFENSE SYSTEM ON THE PREPARATION OF LOGISTIC SUPPORT FOR INDONESIAN ARMY

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Boby Wijayanto ◽  
Nanang Eko Ismurdianto ◽  
Andyka Kusuma
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
National Defense ◽  
Defense System ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
Equipment Modernization ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Logistic Support

<p>The Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia is one of the countries with a strategic path to world trade, and this has become a favorable supporting factor in various sectors in Indonesia. The territory of the Unitary Republic of Indonesia, which is also very broad, has implications for national defense that is complex and very open so that it is easily entered by anyone from various directions. The territory of the Republic of Indonesia consists of 7.7 million km2, stretching from Sabang to Merauke, from P. Miangas to P. Rote consisting of 17,504 islands united by vast seas and oceans. The problem that arises now is where the Army defense equipment especially in the Bekang Battalion is old and ineffective in supporting logistical activities. However, technically, the modernization of the Army defense equipment prior to comprehensive considerations, mainly based on the effectiveness of activities that can support the main tasks and the use of defense equipment in an effective and efficient operation, besides that in terms of modernizing military equipment and weapons in addition to supporting logistical activities, they must also be able to be tested in Combat Proven. In fulfilling modern defense equipment, it is highly expected to support the main tasks of the Army, especially support for defense equipment in the Bekang Battalion, the fulfillment of modern logistical transport vessels. This study analyzes the effect of modernization of the Bekang Battalion defense system on the readiness of the Army logistical support with a research sample in the Bekang Battalion Unit of the Army with data analysis using the SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) method to obtain an objective assessment of the effect of the readiness of the support units of the data analysis on the basic tasks of the Army. With the modernization of defense equipment, it is hoped that Battalion's readiness can be maximized in carrying out its duties in the future.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> defense equipment, modernization, logistics, SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science)</p>

scholarly journals Tinjauan Yuridis Pertahanan Negara Yang Dilakukan Tentara Nasional Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heru Drajat Sulistyo
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Main Task ◽  
National Defense ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Administration System ◽  
State Administration ◽  
The Republic ◽  
National Police ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract— In The division of tasks and authority in carrying out national defense and security between the Indonesian National Army (TNI) and the Indonesian National Police (POLRI) has been regulated in the 1945 Constitution. The problems in this study are: how is the national defense carried out by the Indonesian National Army in the Indonesian State Administration System and how is the relationship between the Indonesian National Army and the Indonesian National Police implementing the National Defense in the Indonesian State Administration System. The research method used is a normative legal research method and uses secondary data types. The results of the research study, namely: 1) the main task of the Indonesian National Army is to uphold state sovereignty, maintain the territorial integrity of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia based on the Pancasila and the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia, and protect the entire nation and the whole of Indonesia's blood spilled from threats and disturbance to the integrity of the nation and state (Article 7 paragraph (1) of Law No. 34 of 2004 concerning the Indonesian National Army) 2) Operational duties other than war carried out by the Indonesian National Army to assist the Indonesian National Police in the framework of security and public order. 3) The defense sector which is the duty of the Indonesian National Army and the security sector which is the duty of the Indonesian National Police cannot be separated. Keywords—: Indonesian National Army; Indonesian National Police; National Defense.

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