Phenolic compounds from the aqueous extract ofAcacia catechu

2011 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 826-830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing-Cui Li ◽  
Chao Liu ◽  
Li-Xin Yang ◽  
Ruo-Yun Chen
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Aqueous Extract

scholarly journals Antioxidant Evaluation of the Aqueous Extract of Hulls of Campsiandra laurifolia in Colitis Induced by Acetic Acid in Wistar Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (02) ◽  
pp. 138-144
Author(s):  
Lucas Petitemberte de Souza ◽  
Henrique Sarubbi Fillmann ◽  
Sandielly Rebeca Benitez da Fonseca ◽  
Marilda da Silva Brasil ◽  
Norma Anair Possa Marroni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Anal Pressure ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Sphincter Anal

AbstractDue to the ethnopharmacological use of Campsiandra laurifolia (Fabaceae), popularly known as Acapurana, to treat wounds and ulcers, associated with the lack of alternative treatments for intestinal inflammations such as ulcerative colitis (UC), the present work sought to characterize its phytochemical and antioxidant activities, and to evaluate remedial action in experimental colitis with acetic acid. Phytochemical analyzes were performed through qualitative and quantitative colorimetric tests of the main secondary metabolites. In the colitis model, 24 male Wistar rats aged ± 60 days old were used, divided into 4 groups: Control (CO) control + aqueous extract of C. laurifolia 50 mg/kg (CO + A50); Colitis (CL); and Colitis + aqueous extract of C. laurifolia 50 mg/kg (CL + A50). Measurement of sphincter anal pressure and histological tests of the large intestine, lipoperoxidation (LPO), enzyme activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), and levels of glutathione (GSH) were performed. For statistical analysis, the oxidative stress (OS) results were expressed as means ± standard error, adopting a significance level of p < 0.05. The screening indicated the presence of flavonoids, saponins and tannins in the extract, with high levels of phenolic compounds and tannins, and was related to high antioxidant capacity. In the histological analysis, the CL group presented loss of the crypts, edema and inflammatory infiltrate. The use of C. laurifolia extract restructured the crypts, decreased edema and increased sphincter anal pressure, with a decrease in LPO, SOD, and an increase in GSH. It is suggested that the use of C. laurifolia extract reduces OS due to its antioxidant power conferred by the phenolic compounds present in the extract.

scholarly journals Oriental Hornet (Vespa orientalis) Larval Extracts Induce Antiproliferative, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Anti-Migratory Effects on MCF7 Cells

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3303
Author(s):  
Amina M. G. Zedan ◽  
Mohamed I. Sakran ◽  
Omar Bahattab ◽  
Yousef M. Hawsawi ◽  
Osama Al-Amer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Individual Treatment ◽  
Alcoholic Extract ◽  
Anticancer Effect ◽  
Mcf7 Cells ◽  
Vespa Orientalis ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The use of insects as a feasible and useful natural product resource is a novel and promising option in alternative medicine. Several components from insects and their larvae have been found to inhibit molecular pathways in different stages of cancer. This study aimed to analyze the effect of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Vespa orientalis larvae on breast cancer MCF7 cells and investigate the underlying mechanisms. Our results showed that individual treatment with 5% aqueous or alcoholic larval extract inhibited MCF7 proliferation but had no cytotoxic effect on normal Vero cells. The anticancer effect was mediated through (1) induction of apoptosis, as indicated by increased expression of apoptotic genes (Bax, caspase3, and p53) and decreased expression of the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl2; (2) suppression of intracellular reactive oxygen species; (3) elevation of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, and GPx) and upregulation of the antioxidant regulator Nrf2 and its downstream target HO-1; (4) inhibition of migration as revealed by in vitro wound healing assay and downregulation of the migration-related gene MMP9 and upregulation of the anti-migratory gene TIMP1; and (5) downregulation of inflammation-related genes (NFκB and IL8). The aqueous extract exhibited the best anticancer effect with higher antioxidant activities but lower anti-inflammatory properties than the alcoholic extract. HPLC analysis revealed the presence of several flavonoids and phenolic compounds with highest concentrations for resveratrol and naringenin in aqueous extract and rosmarinic acid in alcoholic extract. This is the first report to explain the intracellular pathway by which flavonoids and phenolic compounds-rich extracts of Vespa orientalis larvae could induce MCF7 cell viability loss through the initiation of apoptosis, activation of antioxidants, and inhibition of migration and inflammation. Therefore, these extracts could be used as adjuvants for anticancer drugs and as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agents.

scholarly journals The effect of a fungal preparation on the tissue cultures of Holarrhena anfidysenterica (Roxb.) Wall.

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 43-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Dohnal ◽  
Wanda Kisiel
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Tissue Cultures ◽  
Unknown Compound ◽  
Holarrhena Antidysenterica ◽  
Phenolic Constituent ◽  
Methyl Ferulate

The addition of an aqueous extract from fruitbodies of <i>Tylopilus felleus</i> to tissue cultures of <i>Holarrhena antidysenterica</i> (<i>Apocynaceae</i>) caused the accumulation of an unknown compound in the culture medium. The compound was isolated and identified as 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furancarboxaldehyde (1). Moreover, biosynthesis of phenolic compounds was stimulated in response to the stress agents of the fungal preparation. Methyl ferulate (2) was the major phenolic constituent.

Hypoglycemic effects of phenolic compound-rich aqueous extract from water dropwort (Oenanthe javanica DC.) on streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (14) ◽  
pp. 5190-5200
Author(s):  
Shudong He ◽  
Mingming Tang ◽  
Zuoyong Zhang ◽  
Haiyan Liu ◽  
Mingfeng Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Phenolic Compound ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Akt Pathway ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Glut4 Translocation ◽  
Hypoglycemic Action ◽  
Oenanthe Javanica ◽  
Water Dropwort

Phenolic compounds in water dropwort aqueous extract were identified, and the IRS-2/PI3K-AKT pathway and GLUT4 translocation were regulated for hypoglycemic action.

scholarly journals Extract of Mangifera indica L. leaves may reduce biofilms of Staphylococcus spp. in stainless steel and teatcup rubbers

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-20
Author(s):  
Andressa GB Manzur ◽  
Valdo SM Junior ◽  
Franciellen Morais-Costa ◽  
Emanuelly GA Mariano ◽  
Roberta T Careli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Aureus Strain ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Log Reduction ◽  
Agar Diffusion Test ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

Human ingestion of antimicrobial residues in dairy products is a problem of public health. In this study we evaluated antibacterial effectiveness of aqueous and ethanolic leaf extracts of Mangifera indica L. as a natural alternative for reduction of Staphylococcus spp. biofilms. Eight Staphylococcus spp. strains from cows with mastitis and the Staphylococcus aureus strain (ATCC 25923) were evaluated. High performance liquid chromatography indicated the presence of phenolic compounds in the aqueous extract. Agilent Technologies gas chromatography revealed the presence of phenolic compounds, carbohydrates, and gallic acid in ethanolic extract. The tannin contents were 2.27 ± 0.01 and 2.67 ± 0.01% for ethanolic extract and aqueous extract, respectively. Extracts were evaluated in agar diffusion test and the size of inhibition zones were compared. The ethanolic extract was the most effective, showing minimum inhibitory concentrations and minimum bactericidal concentrations between 1.8–7.5 and 15.1–45.3 mg/ml, respectively. After tannin removal, the extracts were less effective, indicating these secondary metabolites as one of the main antibacterial compounds. The ethanolic extract at 45.3 mg/ml reduced mature biofilms in teat rubber (average: 3.91 log reduction) and stainless steel (average: 3.87 log reduction) after 5 min of contact. The extracts of M. indica leaves represent natural alternatives against Staphylococcus spp. strains and the ethanolic extract shows potential as a natural sanitizer.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Toxicological Effects of an Aqueous Extract of Shells from the Pecan NutCarya illinoinensis(Wangenh.) K. Koch and the Possible Association with Its Inorganic Constituents and Major Phenolic Compounds

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Carlos S. Porto ◽  
Juliana da Silva ◽  
Karen Sousa ◽  
Mariana L. Ambrozio ◽  
Aline de Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Micronucleus Test ◽  
Inorganic Elements ◽  
Industrial Processing ◽  
Toxicological Effects ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Phytochemical Components

Background.Industrial processing of the pecan nutCarya illinoinensisK. Koch generated a large amount of shells, which have been used to prepare nutritional supplements and medicinal products; however, the safe use of shells requires assessment. This study evaluated the toxic, genotoxic, and mutagenic effects of pecan shell aqueous extract (PSAE) and the possible contribution of phenolic compounds, ellagic and gallic acids, and inorganic elements present in PSAE to induce toxicity.Results.Levels of inorganic elements like K, P, Cl, and Rb quantified using the Particle-Induced X-Ray Emission method were higher in PSAE than in pecan shells, while Mg and Mn levels were higher in shells. Mice showed neurobehavioral toxicity when given high PSAE doses (200–2,000 mg kg−1). The LD50was 1,166.3 mg kg−1. However, PSAE (50–200 mg·kg−1) and the phenolic compounds (10–100 mg·kg−1) did not induce DNA damage or mutagenicity evaluated using the comet assay and micronucleus test. Treatment with ellagic acid (10–100 mg·kg−1) decreased triglyceride and glucose levels, while treatments with PSAE and gallic acid had no effect.Conclusion.Pecan shell toxicity might be associated with high concentrations of inorganic elements such as Mn, Al, Cu, and Fe acting on the central nervous system, besides phytochemical components, suggesting that the definition of the safe dose should take into account the consumption of micronutrients.

scholarly journals Effect of in vitro aqueous extract of fresh cassava leaves (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) on the larvae of Haemonchus contortus as intestinal parasite of sheep

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Flávia Lopes Medeiros ◽  
Marney Pascoli Cereda Cereda ◽  
Gabriel Furrer Matos Braz
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Water Extract ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Cassava Leaves ◽  
Cassava Plant

Abstract Animals feeding with cassava is frequent. In the case of sheep, the producer relates consumption to a reduction in the parasite load. The literature has proven the effect of phenolic compounds as an anthelmintic in vivo, but no evidence for cyanogenic compounds, also present in all parts of the cassava plant, was found. A controlled in vitro bioassay was used to evaluate the aqueous extract of fresh cassava leaves. The efficiency parameter was the imobility of Haemonchus contortus larvae at stage L3, also used to evaluate commercial anthelmintics. Culture plates with 100 active L3 larvae per well were used, constituted a replicate of a total of three. It was placed in these wells, water extract of fresh cassava leaves (FCL) macerated in water, Ivomec® 0.01% (PCI) as positive control and distilled water as negative one (NCW). By considering the immobility of the larvae as a positive anthelmintic effect, the results showed that in NCW all larvae were mobile, while in PCI all 300 larvae were immobile. FCL produced a gradient of larval inactivation correlation (r2 0.996). The best fit equation was y = -33.39ln(x) + 40.517, a logarithmic one, which allowed to calculate the Lethal Concentration (CL) of 3. 44µg.CN-.ml, or 80.0 mg of fresh cassava leaves per milliliter, with performance equivalent to ivermectin. This concentration of free cyanide is compatible with safe consumption of fresh leaves by live weight of sheep. The exact amount of cassava roots, leaves or shoots consumed to provide an effective dose for controlling Haemonchus contort should be established in vivo. Although phenolic compounds must also be present in the extract, immobility was attributed to cyanogenic compounds since the correlation was proportional to the increase in cyanide concentration. It can be concluded that the consumption of fresh cassava leaves has potential as an anthelmintic agent to be evaluated in vivo by feeding sheep and goats. Local use could also add value to the production of fresh cassava leaves, with an average potential production of 2.5 t/ha, available throughout the year, with greater production at the beginning of cultivation and in the summer months. These leaves could be used after the roots harvesting or even in pruning for this purpose. Currently, this volume of good quality protein material is in the field, unused.

scholarly journals Metal Chelating and Cupric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Capacities of Ammoides atlantica Aqueous Extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4-s) ◽  
pp. 108-111
Author(s):  
Karima Loucif ◽  
Hassiba Benabdallah ◽  
Fatima Benchikh ◽  
Soulaf Mehlous ◽  
Chahrazed Kaoudoune ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Cupric Ion ◽  
Metal Chelating

Reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS) are produced in all cells and play important roles in physiology. The loss of the redox balance, either by an increase of oxidant molecules ROS and RNS or by decreased antioxidant system activities cause a state of oxidative stress. Several studies are going on worldwide directed towards finding natural antioxidants of plant origin. Plants containing phenolic compounds have been reported to possess strong antioxidant activity. The objective of this study is to evaluate total polyphenols and flavonoids contents (TPC and TFC) as well as examine the in vitro antioxidative properties from aqueous extract of Ammoides atlantica (AqE). TPC was estimated utilizing Folin-Ciocalteu's reagent. TFC was evaluated utilizing the aluminum chloride method. The antioxidant properties were evaluated using metal chelating and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assays. Indeed, results showed that the AqE is rich in polyphenols (141.74±0.44 µg gallic acid equivalents/ mg of dry weight), and flavonoids (61.87±6.7 µg quercetin equivalent/ mg dry weight). These phytochemical compounds possess significant antioxidant activities. The results showed that AqE exhibited a good Metal chelating activity with an IC50 of 36.57±4.73 µg/ mL. CUPRAC assay showed that AqE extract exhibited high cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity with an A0.5 of 8.58±0.13 µg/mL. These findings provide evidence that AqE of Ammoides atlantica is a potential source of antioxidant which have many benefits towards human health. Keywords: Ammoides atlantica, aqueous extract, phenolic compounds, metal chelating and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity.

scholarly journals Aqueous Extract of Cocoa Phenolic Compounds Protects Differentiated Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells from Oxidative Stress

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1266
Author(s):  
Noelia Carballeda Sangiao ◽  
Susana Chamorro ◽  
Sonia de Pascual-Teresa ◽  
Luis Goya
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Human Neuroblastoma ◽  
Antioxidant Defense Enzymes

Cocoa is a rich source of polyphenols, especially flavanols and procyanidin oligomers, with antioxidant properties, providing protection against oxidation and nitration. Cocoa phenolic compounds are usually extracted with methanol/ethanol solvents in order to obtain most of their bioactive compounds; however, aqueous extraction seems more representative of the physiological conditions. In this study, an aqueous extract of cocoa powder has been prepared and chemically characterized, and its potential protective effect against chemically-induced oxidative stress has been tested in differentiated human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. Neuronal-like cultured cells were pretreated with realistic concentrations of cocoa extract and its major monomeric flavanol component, epicatechin, and then submitted to oxidative stress induced by a potent pro-oxidant. After one hour, production of reactive oxygen species was evaluated by two different methods, flow cytometry and in situ fluorescence by a microplate reader. Simultaneously, reduced glutathione and antioxidant defense enzymes glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase were determined and the results used for a comparative analysis of both ROS (reactive oxygen species) methods and to test the chemo-protective effect of the bioactive products on neuronal-like cells. The results of this approach, never tested before, validate both analysis of ROS and indicate that concentrations of an aqueous extract of cocoa phenolics and epicatechin within a physiological range confer a significant protection against oxidative insult to neuronal-like cells in culture.

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