Utilizing treated wastewater in tree plantation in Indian desert: part I – species suitability, plant growth and biomass production

Abstract Soil suppressiveness which is the natural ability of soil to support optimal plant growth and health is the resultant of multiple soil microbial components; which implies many difficulties when estimating this soil condition. Microbial benefits for plant health from repeated digestate applications were assessed in three experimental sites surrounding anaerobic biogas plants in an intensively cultivated area of northern Italy. A 2-yr trial was performed in 2017 and 2018 by performing an in-pot plant growth assay, using soil samples taken from two fields for each experimental site, of which one had been repeatedly amended with anaerobic biogas digestate and the other had not. These fields were similar in management and crop sequences (maize was the recurrent crop) for the last 10 yr. Plant growth response in the bioassay was expressed as plant biomass production, root colonization frequency by soil-borne fungi were estimated to evaluate the impact of soil-borne pathogens on plant growth, abundance of Pseudomonas and actinomycetes populations in rhizosphere were estimated as beneficial soil microbial indicators. Repeated soil amendment with digestate increased significantly soil capacity to support plant biomass production as compared to unamended control in both the years. Findings supported evidence that this increase was principally attributable to a higher natural ability of digestate-amended soils to reduce root infection by saprophytic soil-borne pathogens whose inoculum was increased by the recurrent maize cultivation. Pseudomonas and actinomycetes were always more abundant in digestate-amended soils suggesting that both these large bacterial groups were involved in the increase of their natural capacity to control soil-borne pathogens (soil suppressiveness).

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Phytotoxic Effects of Treated Wastewater Used for Agricultural Irrigation On Root Hydraulic Conductivity and Plant Growth

10.21203/rs.3.rs-580982/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sare Asli ◽

Nedal Massalha ◽

Muhamad Hugerat

Keyword(s):

Cell Wall ◽

Hydraulic Conductivity ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Root Elongation ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Cell Permeability ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Pressurized Water ◽

Pore Sizes ◽

Physical Effects

Abstract AimsTo determine the effects of treated wastewater (TWW) and dialyzed TWW (DTWW) through dialysis tube with a cut-off at 6000-8000 Da, on the water transport characteristics of maize seedlings (Zea mays L). MethodsLaboratory experiments were conducted to determine the effect of TWW on the hydraulic conductivity of excised roots. Moreover, the effect on transpiration, plant growth, root cell permeability and on the plant fresh and dry weight was determined. ResultsPressurized water flow through the excised primary roots was reduced by 25%-52%, within 90 min of exposure to TWW or DTWW. In hydroponics, DTWW affected root elongation severely by 58 %, while cell-wall pore sizes of same roots were little reduced (by 6%). Additionally, the exposure to TWW or DTWW caused inhibition of both leaf growth rate by (26%-70%) and transpiration by (14%-64%). While in soil growth, the plant fresh and dry weight was also significantly affected but not with secondary DTWW. Conclusions These impacts appeared simultaneously to involve phytotoxic and physical clogging impacts. First, the inhibition in hydraulic conductivity through live roots (phytotoxic and physical effects) after exposure to secondary DTWW was by 22%, while through killed roots accepted after hot alcohol disruption of cell membranes (physical effects only); was only by 14%. Second, although DTWW affected root elongation severely by 58%, cell-wall pore sizes of same roots were little reduced by 6%. We conclude that large molecules, such as polypeptides, remained after the dialysis process, may have produced hormone-like activity that affected root water permeability.

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Biomass Production of Root and Shoot of Talinum paniculatum Gaertn. by Liquid and Solid Ms Medium with Plant Growth Hormone IBA

Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology ◽

10.22146/jtbb.13731 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 85

Author(s):

Muhammad Hamzah Solim ◽

Y. S. Wulan Manuhara

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Medicinal Plant ◽

Biomass Production ◽

Blood Circulation ◽

Raw Material ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Shoot Morphology ◽

Dry Biomass

Talinum paniculatum Gaertn. is one of traditional medicinal plant in Indonesia which has benefits such as for vitality and maintain blood circulation. The aim of this research is to obtain biomass production of root and shoot of T. paniculatum Gaertn. by liquid and solid MS medium with IBA. This research conducted to provide biomass as raw material for secondary metabolites test. Stems as explant were induced with four treatments (liquid MS, solid MS, liquid MS + 2 ppm IBA and solid MS + 2 ppm IBA) with five repetitions. Observation did for 28 days. The parameters are the percentage of explants which formed the root and shoot, morphology, fresh and dry biomass. Result shows that percentage of root and shoot have 100% in liquid and solid MS + 2 ppm IBA. Fresh and dry biomass of root and shoot in solid MS + 2 ppm IBA higher than the others. This research found callus in liquid and solid MS + 2 ppm IBA. Morphology of root in liquid MS has thin and friable, but thick in solid MS. Shoot in solid and liquid MS has thin, short and sturdy.

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Evaluation of wild plants as lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) accumulators for phytoremediation of contaminated rice fields

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d210520 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Nuril Hidayati ◽

Dwi Setyo Rini

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Species ◽

Biomass Production ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Translocation Factor ◽

Rice Fields ◽

Wild Plants ◽

Acorus Calamus ◽

Cost Constraints

Abstract. Hidayati N, Rini DS. 2020. Assessment of plants as lead and cadmium accumulators for phytoremediation of contaminated rice field. Biodiversitas 21: 1928-1934. Heavy metals contamination in agricultural land becoming a serious problem since this causes declining in agriculture production and quality and thus food safety. Meanwhile, conventional efforts for remediation of the contaminated agricultural lands have not been widely implemented due to high-cost constraints. A low-cost technology that can be applied in contaminated sites is phytoremediation. This technique is based on the fact that plants have the ability to extract and accumulate heavy metals. This research aimed to study the potentials of some plant species as accumulators for phytoremediation in rice fields contaminated by heavy metals of lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd). Six selected accumulator plant species, namely Colocasia sp., Ipomoea fistulosa Mart. ex Choisy, Eichhornia crassipes (Mart.) Solms, Hymenachne amplexicaulis (Rudge) Nees), Saccharum spontaneum L., and Acorus calamus L., were tested in in-situ field to identify the performance of the plants as accumulators for Pb and Cd. Parameters observed were plant growth and biomass production, and the accumulation of Pb and Cd in plants which is formulated as: bioconcentration factor (BCF) to indicate concentration ratio of metal in plant to soil, and translocation factor (TF) to indicate metal transportation ratio of shoot to root. The results showed that plants with the highest growth rate under contaminated conditions were E. crassipes, A. calamus, and H. amplexicaulis. The highest value of BCF for Pb accumulation was recorded in the shoot of H. amplexicaulis and E. crassipes and in the root of H. amplexicaulis and A. calamus, whereas the highest value of TF for Pb was observed in E. crassipes, S. spontaneum, and H. amplexicaulis. Meanwhile, the highest value of BCF for Cd in the shoot and in the root was observed in Colocasia sp and H. amplexicaulis whereas the highest value of TF for Cd was identified in A calamus and Colocasia sp. With regards to the performance of plant growth, biomass production, and accumulation of Pb and Cd, it is suggested that three plant species, namely E. crassipes, A. calamus, and H. amplexicaulis are considered as potential Pb and Cd accumulators for phytoremediation of contaminated rice fields. Our findings suggest that some plants can produce high biomass and absorb high contaminants while other plants cannot, implying that plants respond differently to different environmental conditions. Therefore continuous research is required to obtain the best plant species for phytoremediation.

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Application of treated wastewater for cultivation of carnations

Water Practice & Technology ◽

10.2166/wpt.2013.047 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (3-4) ◽

pp. 457-460 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

I. Petousi ◽

N. Stavroulaki ◽

M. Fountoulakis ◽

M. Papadimitriou ◽

E.I. Stentiford ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Domestic Wastewater ◽

The Other ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Potted Plants ◽

Quality Water ◽

Water Scarce ◽

Micro Elements ◽

Positive Effect

The reuse of domestic wastewater for irrigation of floriculture crops is a very promising option in water-scarce areas. On the other hand, there are concerns about the effect of that kind low-quality water on plant growth. The present work examined the effect of irrigation with several type of treated domestic wastewater on production of carnations. Potted plants were irrigated with primary treated, secondary treated and tertiary treated wastewater as well as with water and water with fertilizer. The results shown that carnations can be irrigated with treated wastewater as the growth and quality of plant is equal or better compared with water. Furthermore, it was found that nutrients and micro-elements contained in treated wastewater had as a result positive effect on characteristics of carnations.

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Growth of Hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata) in Hydrosoils of Different Composition

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500059154 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 371-375 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Kerry K. Steward

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Biomass Production ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

Stem Elongation ◽

Hydrilla Verticillata ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Plant Tissues ◽

Flowing Water ◽

Soil N ◽

Rooting Media

Hydrilla [Hydrilla verticillata(L. f.) Royle ♯ HYLLI] was cultured in flowing water in outside aquaria on rooting media differing in fertility and texture. Nutrient content was determined for rooting media at the beginning of the experiment and for plant tissues at harvest. Growth, as measured by rates of stem elongation, areal coverage of aquaria by plants, and biomass accrual, was highly related to N-, P-, and K-fertility of rooting media. Rooting media were the most important source of phosphorous since water supplies were not adequate to support plant growth. There was evidence of P-deficiencies in plants grown on infertile rooting media. Both N and K were adequately supplied from either water, rooting media, or both. Production of plant biomass was most closely related to P-levels in tissues which were closely related to supplies in rooting media. Pretest soil N (comparable to preestablishment conditions) was best related to biomass production, indicating that growth and establishment of hydrilla may be predictable through assessment of hydrosoil fertility. The need for sampling and analytical procedures to assess fertility is emphasized.

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