SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine BNT162b2 triggers a consistent cross-variant humoral and cellular response

Caseous Lymphadenitis (CLA) is a chronic disease that affects also small ruminants. CLA is caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and is responsible for high economic losses due to the formation of superficial and visceral granulomas, the latter is considered as asymptomatic CLA causing high levels of dissemination. Several vaccination strategies, in which the use of synthetic peptides stands out. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the protective potential of peptide vaccines designed to determine the immunodominant epitopes of CP40 against CLA in mice. The animals were divided into eight groups separated in controls (G1—PBS, G2—Saponin and G9—rCP40) and experimental (G3—pep1, G4- pep2, G5-pep3, G6-pep4, G7-pep5 and G8-pep6), these were vaccinated on days 0 and 15 by a subcutaneous route. 60 days after the first immunization, all animals were challenged with C. pseudotuberculosis. On days 0, 15, 60, and 120 after the first immunization, blood samples were taken to measure immunoglobulins. On the same day of the challenge, the splenocytes were isolated and assayed for the production of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-17, and IL-10. After vaccinations, the animals were challenged and all of them were affected by the disease which led to their death. The G6 and G8 groups provided 10% protection and the G7 provided 20%. The G3 and G4 groups provided 30% and 40% protection respectively. The peptides showed the production of Total IgG antibodies and cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IFN-γ, and TNF-α), indicating a possible activation of the Th1 type response. However, groups G3, G5, G6, and G8 showed production of IL-17. None of the study groups showed IL-10 production. The immunogenicity of the peptides was not enough to protect these animals and it is believed that the use of adjuvants based on PAMPs may improve the immune response offered by these peptides.

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Cardiac surgery anesthesia and systemic inflammatory response

International Journal of Bioassays ◽

10.21746/ijbio.2015.02.005 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (02) ◽

pp. 3648

Author(s):

Mohammad Ali Sheikhi ◽

Ahmad Ebadi ◽

Alireza Shahriary ◽

Hannaneh Davoodzadeh ◽

Hossein Rahmani*

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Cardiac Surgery ◽

Inflammatory Response ◽

Organ Dysfunction ◽

Cellular Response ◽

Tissue Injury ◽

Systemic Inflammatory Response ◽

The Body ◽

Humoral And Cellular Response

Cardiac surgery is associated with the development of a systemic inflammatory response. Inflammation represents the response of the body to tissue injury and in normal circumstances is a controlled humoral and cellular response that will lead to control of infection and wound healing. In some instances this response may become exaggerated, ultimately leading to additional tissue injury and the development of organ dysfunction. In this paper we discuss about relationships between cardiac surgery anesthesia and systemic inflammatory response.

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HUMORAL AND CELLULAR RESPONSE TO SARS-CoV-2 IN COVID-19 PATIENTS

PEDIATRIA Journal named after G N SPERANSKY ◽

10.24110/0031-403x-2021-100-2-17-21 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 100 (2) ◽

pp. 17-21

Author(s):

A.G. Rumyantsev ◽

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Cellular Response ◽

Immune Memory ◽

Population Immunity ◽

Coronavirus Infection ◽

One Year ◽

And Control ◽

Long Term Prediction ◽

Humoral And Cellular Response

The study of the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is crucial for the prognosis and control of coronavirus infection, diagnosis and formation of individual and population immunity, the development of indications and evaluation of the effectiveness of vaccinations, and, ultimately, the scientific prediction of the course of a pandemic. One year after the infection debuted in numerous immunological studies in COVID-19 patients, kinetics, duration and evolution of immune memory in humans due to infection are not well predictable, as data obtained represent the initial effector phase of the immune response, and the responses after recovery from infection cannot be used for long-term prediction. The paper presents an analysis of the results of studies of immune response and immune memory to SARS-CoV-2, including all three branches of adaptive immunity: immunoglobulins, memory B-cells, CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells in sick and cured patients in the dynamic period of 6–8 months after the onset of the disease.

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Humoral and cellular response to infection with Echinostoma revolutum in the golden hamster, Mesocricetus auratus

Journal of Helminthology ◽

10.1017/s0022149x00011366 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 62 (2) ◽

pp. 127-132 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

J. Mabus ◽

J. E. Huffman ◽

B. Fried

Keyword(s):

Host Response ◽

Cellular Response ◽

Lymphocytic Infiltration ◽

Mesocricetus Auratus ◽

Parasite Infection ◽

Histopathologic Examination ◽

Intestinal Tissue ◽

Primary Host ◽

Echinostoma Revolutum ◽

Humoral And Cellular Response

ABSTRACTLaboratory hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) were infected with Echinostoma revolutum (Trematoda). Immunoelectrophoretic studies of hamster serum showed no demonstrable antibody response to E. revolutum. Histopathologic examination of intestinal tissue of infected hamsters showed erosion of intestinal villi and lymphocytic infiltration as the primary host response. Spleens from infected hamsters were hyperplastic during the first 3 weeks of infection and atrophic from 4 to 8 weeks postinfection. Hamsters were unable to acquire a resistance to E. revolutum infection. Lack of resistance was demonstrated in hamsters where the parasite infection was no longer detected based on the absence of eggs in the faeces; these hamsters were then reinfected. Hamsters treated with the anthelmintic oxyclozanide were also reinfected with E. revolutum.

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Measles vaccination in the presence of maternal antibodies primes for a balanced humoral and cellular response to revaccination

Vaccine ◽

10.1016/j.vaccine.2004.06.021 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 444-449 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

F BERTLEY ◽

S IBRAHIM ◽

M LIBMAN ◽

B WARD

Keyword(s):

Cellular Response ◽

Maternal Antibodies ◽

Measles Vaccination ◽

Humoral And Cellular Response

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Anti-OX40L alone or in combination with anti-CD40L and CTLA4Ig does not inhibit the humoral and cellular response to a major grass pollen allergen

Clinical & Experimental Allergy ◽

10.1111/cea.12661 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 354-364

Author(s):

M. Gattringer ◽

U. Baranyi ◽

N. Pilat ◽

K. Hock ◽

C. Klaus ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Grass Pollen ◽

Cellular Response ◽

Pollen Allergen ◽

Grass Pollen Allergen ◽

Humoral And Cellular Response

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OVA-Experienced CD4+ T Cell Transfer and Chicken Protein Challenge Affect the Immune Response to OVA in a Murine Model

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms22126573 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (12) ◽

pp. 6573

Author(s):

Ewa Fuc ◽

Dagmara Złotkowska ◽

Ewa Wasilewska ◽

Barbara Wróblewska

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

T Cells ◽

Cd4 T Cells ◽

Cellular Response ◽

Chicken Meat ◽

Proliferation Index ◽

Allergenic Potential ◽

Freeze Dried ◽

T Cell Transfer ◽

Humoral And Cellular Response

Chicken meat is often a major component of a modern diet. Allergy to chicken meat is relatively rare and occurs independently or in subjects allergic to ovalbumin (OVA). We examined the effect of adoptive transfer of OVA-CD4+ T cells on the immune response to OVA in mice fed chicken meat. Donor mice were injected intraperitoneally with 100 µg of OVA with Freund’s adjuvant two times over a week, and CD4+ T cells were isolated from them and transferred to naïve mice (CD4+/OVA/ChM group), which were then provoked with OVA with FA and fed freeze-dried chicken meat for 14 days. The mice injected with OVA and fed chicken meat (OVA/ChM group), and sensitized (OVA group) and healthy (PBS group) mice served as controls. Humoral and cellular response to OVA was monitored over the study. The CD4+/OVA/ChM group had lowered levels of anti-OVA IgG and IgA, and total IgE. There were significant differences in CD4+, CD4+CD25+, and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells between groups. OVA stimulation decreased the splenocyte proliferation index and IFN-γ secretion in the CD4+/OVA/ChM group compared to the OVA group. IL-4 was increased in the OVA/ChM mice, which confirms allergenic potential of the egg–meat protein combination. Transfer of OVA-experienced CD4+ T cells ameliorated the negative immune response to OVA.

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ChAdOx1 NiV vaccination protects against lethal Nipah Bangladesh virus infection in African green monkeys

10.1101/2021.07.20.452991 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Neeltje van Doremalen ◽

Victoria Avanzato ◽

Friederike Feldmann ◽

Jonathan Schulz ◽

Elaine Haddock ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cellular Response ◽

Nipah Virus ◽

Post Inoculation ◽

Lethal Challenge ◽

Highly Pathogenic ◽

Challenge Control ◽

Emerging Virus ◽

Severe Infections ◽

Humoral And Cellular Response ◽

Green Monkeys

Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly pathogenic and re-emerging virus which causes sporadic but severe infections in humans. Currently, no vaccines against NiV have been approved. We previously showed that ChAdOx1 NiV provides full protection against a lethal challenge with NiV Bangladesh (NiV-B) in hamsters. Here, we investigated the efficacy of ChAdOx1 NiV in the lethal African green monkeys (AGMs) NiV challenge model. AGMs were vaccinated either 4 weeks before challenge (prime vaccination), or 8 and 4 weeks before challenge with ChAdOx1 NiV (prime-boost vaccination). A robust humoral and cellular response was detected starting 14 days post initial vaccination. Upon challenge, control animals displayed a variety of signs and had to be euthanized between 5- and 7-days post inoculation. In contrast, vaccinated animals showed no signs of disease, and we were unable to detect infectious virus in all but one swab and all tissues. Importantly, no to limited antibodies against fusion protein or nucleoprotein IgG could be detected 42 days post challenge, suggesting that vaccination induced a very robust protective immune response preventing extensive virus replication.

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