scholarly journals Application of Intelligent Sensors in Biomarker Detection Using Accurate Data Measurement and Calculation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2083 (3) ◽  
pp. 032035
Author(s):  
Hao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Biomarkers ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Biomarker Detection ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Intelligent Sensors ◽  
Common Cancer

Abstract Cancer has been one of the most serious health issues of the 21st century. Although improvements in the treatment of cancer with new pharmaceutical products and technology remain a significant challenge for cancer biologists and oncologists. Early and accurate screening and analysis technology to diagnose the disease are essential for improving the survival rate and reducing mortality and morbidity. Scientists have discovered the clinical application of cancer biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Biosensors technology appears to be the only hope for timely diagnosis and treatment of cancer, since they exhibit remarkable analytical performance. In this review, we will discuss about basic knowledge and classification of biosensors, common cancer biomarkers and some applications of biosensors in cancer biomarker detection.

Quality by Design: Concept to Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suryakanta Swain ◽  
Rabinarayan Parhi ◽  
Bikash Ranjan Jena ◽  
Sitty Manohar Babu
Keyword(s):  
Quality By Design ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Target Product ◽  
Target Product Profile ◽  
Critical Material ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Product Profile ◽  
Performance Report

Background: Quality by Design (QbD) is associated with a modern, systematic, scientific and novel approach which is concerned with pre-distinct objectives that not only focus on product, process understanding but also lead to process control. It predominantly signifies the design and product improvement and the manufacturing process in order to fulfill the predefined manufactured goods or final products quality characteristics. It is quite essential to identify the desired and required product performance report, such as Target Product Profile, typical Quality Target Product Profile (QTPP) and Critical Quality Attributes (CQA). Methods: This review highlighted the concepts of QbD design space, for critical material attributes (CMAs) as well as the critical process parameters that can totally affect the CQAs within which the process shall be unaffected thus, consistently manufacturing the required product. Risk assessment tools and design of experiments are its prime components. Results: This paper outlines the basic knowledge of QbD, the key elements; steps as well as various tools for QbD implementation in pharmaceutics field are presented briefly. In addition to this, quite a lot of applications of QbD in numerous pharmaceutical related unit operations are discussed and summarized. Conclusion: This article provides a complete data as well as the roadmap for universal implementation and application of QbD for pharmaceutical products.

Leg Varices Originating from the Pelvis: Diagnosis and Treatment

Vascular ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milka Greiner ◽  
Geoffrey L. Gilling-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Repeat Surgery ◽  
Recurrent Reflux ◽  
Venous Circulation ◽  
Platinum Coils

This article reports the investigation and treatment of 24 women presenting with recurrent lower limb varicosities secondary to reflux within the pelvic venous circulation. Diagnosis based on selective retrograde pelvic phlebography enabled precise identification and classification of sites of incompetence. A total of 74 veins were treated by embolization with platinum coils and glue prior to repeat surgery to the lower limb veins. At 4-year follow-up, signs of stasis had disappeared in all patients. Repeat phlebography revealed no evidence of recurrent reflux at the sites of treatment. One patient developed recurrent varices due to incomplete embolization of incompetent pelvic veins. Endovascular occlusion of incompetent pelvic veins is an effective treatment for varicose veins secondary to pelvic venous incompetence.

Role of laparoscopic in diagnosis and treatment of undescended testis in children at Viet Duc Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viet Hoa Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Laparoscopic Surgery ◽  
Undescended Testis ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Time Of Operation

Abstract Introduction: Evaluating the role of laparoscopic for diagnosis and treatment of undescended testis in children. Material and Methods: Restrospective study, between 6/ 2014 and 6/2017. All the patients are aged from 1 to 16 years with undescended testis underwent laparoscopic surgery for diagnosis and treatment in Deparment of pediatric surgery – Viet Duc hospital enrolled. Results: Of 95 patiens in total had 106 undescended testis diagnosed and treated by laparoscopy. The mean age of patients was 7,5 ± 3,8 years. 44,2% undescended were on the left side, 44,2% were on the right and 11,6% were undescended bilateral. The correct diagnosis by ultrasound accounted in 79,4%. The locations of testis diagnosed by laparoscopic are : intra abdomen in 45,3%, deep inguinal orifice in 16,9%, extra inguinal orifice in 26,4%, no testicle found in 11,4%. The mean time of operation were 67,33± 28,01 pht. Scrotal positions were achieved 74,5%, remove atrophic testis accounted in 7,6%. Stephen- Flowler technique including step I were in 4,7%, step II in 1,9%. The outcome evaluated by testicular positions following 3 months after operation are : good in 79,2%, moderate 13,2%, poor in 7,6%; By classification of Aubert are : good in 81,1%, moderate in 11,3% and poor in 7,6 %. Conclusion: Laparoscopic surgery is not only a highly sensitive diagnostic method to find accurately the location and size of the testes, but also the most effective method to treat impalpable undescended testes.

Chronic glomerulonephritis and pregnancy

2017 ◽  
pp. 84-87
Author(s):  
O.V. Islamova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Fetal Development ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Chronic Pyelonephritis ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Chronic Glomerulonephritis

The main data on general issues of epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis and classification of chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) in Ukraine were described in the article. The main information on the peculiarities of this clinic disease in pregnant women, on the course and complications of pregnancy, features of fetal development in pregnant women suffering from chronic pyelonephritis were highlighted. Separately, the questions devoted to the optimal tactics of diagnosis and treatment of CGN in pregnant women with characteristics of medicines and their groups applicable in this category of patients are disclosed. The rules for management of pregnancy, delivery and postpartum period are described. Key words: сhronic glomerulonephritis, pregnancy, treatment.

Ocular Tuberculosis: Clinics, Diagnosis and Treatment (Literature Review)

The Eye ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-45
Author(s):  
O. E. Russkikh ◽  
N. Y. Nikolenko
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Ocular Tuberculosis ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Serious Disease ◽  
Suggested Classification

Ocular tuberculosis is a serious disease with a long recurrent course, often leading to a significant decrease in the visual functions and quality of life of patients as well as disability. In recent years, the incidence rate of the ocular tuberculosis in the Russian Federation has been declining: in 2016, according to a number of authors, its incidence amounted to 5.2%.Purpose. To systematize literature data on the topic of ocular tuberculosis.Materials and methods. We reviewed literature available on elibrary.ru, cyberleninka.ru websites and in “Clinical Ophthalmology” journal. Results. We suggested classification of the ocular tuberculosis lesions, analyzed modern diagnostic methods and treatment regimens and evaluated their effectiveness.Conclusions. Literature review revealed that in order to improve the quality of detection, diagnosis and treatment of ocular tuberculosis, joint efforts of ophthalmologists and phthisiologists as well as use of modern methods of tuberculinodiagnosis are essential.

Portal hypertension and its management in children

2017 ◽  
Vol 103 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tassos Grammatikopoulos ◽  
Patrick James McKiernan ◽  
Anil Dhawan
Keyword(s):  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Vascular Occlusion ◽  
Portal System ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Intravascular Pressure

Portal hypertension (PHT), defined as raised intravascular pressure in the portal system, is a complication of chronic liver disease or liver vascular occlusion. Advances in our ability to diagnose and monitor the condition but also predict the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding have enabled us to optimise the management of children with PHT either at a surveillance or at a postbleeding stage. A consensus among paediatric centres in the classification of varices can be beneficial in streamlining future paediatric studies. New invasive (endoscopic and surgical procedures) and non-invasive (pharmacotherapy) techniques are currently used enabling clinicians to reduce mortality and morbidity in children with PHT.

scholarly journals OPTIMIZATION OF DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT FOR PERIPROSTHETIC KNEE INFECTION

2017 ◽  
pp. 14-19
Author(s):  
S. P. Shpinyak ◽  
A. P. Barabash ◽  
Yu. A. Barabash
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Periprosthetic Infection ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
Knee Infection ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Periprosthetic Knee Infection

Purpose of study: to analyze the modern approaches to classification of large joints periprosthetic infection (PPI) and evaluate the results of revision surgical interventions in patients with deep PPI of the knee. Patients and methods. One hundred fifty three patients, 51 men and 102 women (mean age 57.3±12.4 years), with deep PPI were operated on. Treatment tactics was determined by the term after primary operation. In early PPI (n=31) sanitation interventions with implant preservation and in late PPI (n=122) – two step interventions with long period between the operations (over 4 weeks) were performed. Results. Follow up made up from 2 to 5 years. Sanitation interventions with implant preservation were successful in71% of patients. In group of patients with late PPI satisfactory results were achieved in 89.6% of cases. On the basis of the obtained data the variants of diagnosis and treatment tactics optimization as well as its adaptation to domestic public health system were proposed.

scholarly journals Detection of Breast Cancer using AI Techniques – A Survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 08-12
Author(s):  
Riju Bhattacharya ◽  
Diksha Gupta ◽  
Divyatara Rathod
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Cancer Diagnostics ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Medical Progress ◽  
Glass Slides ◽  
Abnormal Cells

Cancer refers to any one of a large number of diseases characterized by the development of abnormal cells that divide uncontrollably and have the ability to infiltrate and destroy normal body tissue.Without treatment, it can cause serious health issues andresult in a loss of life. Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women around the world. Despite enormous medical progress, breast cancer has still remained the second leading cause of death worldwide. Early detection of cancer may reduce mortality and morbidity. This paper presents a review of the detection methods for cancer through Artificial Intelligence (AI) in different ways. Previously Microscopic reviews of tissues on glass slides are used for cancer diagnostics to improve diagnostic accuracy. We can use different techniques such as digital imaging and artificial intelligence algorithm. Cancer care is also advancing thanks to AI’s ability to collect and process data. Due to the nature of processing this information, the task is often a time-consuming and tedious job for doctors. This process may be made much easier, quicker and efficient through the advancement as well as by using modified technologies.

scholarly journals DNA methylation-based classification of ependymomas in adulthood: implications for diagnosis and treatment

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 1616-1624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hendrik Witt ◽  
Dorothee Gramatzki ◽  
Bettina Hentschel ◽  
Kristian W Pajtler ◽  
Jörg Felsberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment
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