scholarly journals Physical and Mechanical Properties of Non-Stoichiometric Cordierite with Treated FGD Sludge Addition Sintered at 1250°C

2021 ◽  
Vol 2129 (1) ◽  
pp. 012091
Author(s):  
Fatin Fatini Othman ◽  
Banjuraizah Johar ◽  
Shing Fhan Khor ◽  
Nik Akmar Rejab ◽  
Suffi Irni Alias
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
High Mechanical Strength ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Porous Formation ◽  
Sludge Waste ◽  
Cordierite Ceramics

Abstract The effects of addition treated FGD sludge in non-stoichiometric cordierite, by benefiting from its high mechanical strength and good thermal performance, can hold promise for more practical applications of non-stoichiometric cordierite. Treated FGD sludge waste from borosilicate glass industrial were used as a flux to reduce the sintering temperature of cordierite. Cordierite ceramics were prepared using silica (SiO2), alumina (Al2O3), talc, kaolin, magnesia (MgO) and treated FGD sludge via solid-state reaction method. The cordierite were prepared by adjusting the ratio of FGD sludge and magnesia in the cordierite composition, respectively. 4 composition of cordierite with 0%, 1.5%, 3.0% and 4.5% of FGD sludge were prepared to obtain the formation of α-cordierite that can be determine by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Porosity, density, shrinkage and flexural strength for each of cordierite composition were determined to obtain the best composition of treated FGD sludge required for sintering aids of cordierite. Only FGD 3.0% able to synthesis pure α-cordierite while FGD 1.5 % shows an improvement in both porosity and density. The increasing amount of treated FGD sludge lead to decreasing in mechanical strength of cordierite ceramic due to porous formation.

Structural, Dielectric and Electrical Studies of Ba4CaRTi3Nb7O30 (R = Eu, Dy) Ferroelectric System

2013 ◽  
Vol 547 ◽  
pp. 41-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasun Ganguly ◽  
A.M. Biradar ◽  
A.K. Jha
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Tungsten Bronze ◽  
Negative Temperature ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal ◽  
Paraelectric Phase Transition ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal Structure

The polycrystalline samples of Ba4CaRTi3Nb7O30 (R = Eu, Dy), members of tungsten-bronze family, were prepared by high-temperature solid state reaction method and studied for their dielectric and electrical properties. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis reveals the formation of single-phase compounds having orthorhombic crystal structure at room temperature. Microstructural analysis by scanning electron microscope (SEM) shows that the compounds have well defined grains, which are distributed uniformly throughout the sample. Detailed dielectric properties of the compounds as a function of frequency and temperature show that the compounds undergo non-relaxor kind of ferroelectric-paraelectric phase transition of diffuse nature. Ferroelectric, piezoelectric and pyroelectric studies of the compounds have been discussed in this paper. The temperature dependence of dc conductivity of the compounds have been investigated. The conductivity study over a wide temperature range suggests that the compounds have negative temperature coefficient of resistance (NTCR) behaviour.

CHARACTERIZATION OF HYDROXYAPATITE/TI6AL4V COMPOSITE POWDER UNDER VARIOUS SINTERING TEMPERATURE

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Arifin ◽  
Abu Bakar Sulong ◽  
Norhamidi Muhamad ◽  
Junaidi Syarif
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Powder ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Work Interaction

Hydroxyapatite (HA) has been widely used in biomedical applications due to its excellent biocompatibility. However, Hydroxyapatite possesses poor mechanical properties and only tolerate limited loads for implants. Titanium is well-known materials applied in implant that has advantage in mechanical properties but poor in biocompatibility. The combination of the Titanium alloy and HA is expected to produce bio-implants with good in term of mechanical properties and biocompatabilty. In this work, interaction and mechanical properties of HA/Ti6Al4V was analyzed. The physical and mechanical properties of HA/Ti6Al4V composite powder obtained from compaction (powder metallurgy) of 60 wt.% Ti6Al4V and 40 wt.% HA and sintering at different temperatures in air were investigated in this study. Interactions of the mixed powders were investigated using X-ray diffraction. The hardness and density of the HA/Ti6Al4V composites were also measured. Based on the results of XRD analysis, the oxidation of Ti began at 700 °C. At 1000 °C, two phases were formed (i.e., TiO2 and CaTiO3). The results showed that the hardness HA/Ti6Al4V composites increased by 221.6% with increasing sintering temperature from 700oC to 1000oC. In contrast, the density of the composites decreased by 1.9% with increasing sintering temperature. 

Structure and Electrical Characteristics of BaTiO3 and Ba0.99Er0.01TiO3 Ceramics

2018 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. 127-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. Ismail ◽  
Rozana Aina Maulat Osman ◽  
Mohd Sobri Idris ◽  
N.A.M. Ahmad Hambali
Keyword(s):  
Perovskite Phase ◽  
Microstructural Analysis ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Conventional Solid State Reaction ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Capacitance Voltage ◽  
Ion Incorporation ◽  
Voltage Breakdown

Conventional solid state reaction method was used to prepare BaTiO3 and Ba0.99Er0.01TiO3 ceramics. Influence of Er3+ ion incorporation on their structural, microstructural and electrical properties was studied. The phase pure samples were obtained when heated at 1400 °C for overnight. The tetragonal perovskite phase of BaTiO3 and Ba0.99Er0.01TiO3 was confirmed by using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis which is in agreement with results obtained from Rietveld refinement analysis. The lattice parameters and unit cell volume of BaTiO3 increased when doped with Erbium. Microstructural analysis of BaTiO3 and Ba0.99Er0.01TiO3 ceramics showed that the grain sizes of BaTiO3 and Ba0.99Er0.01TiO3 significantly decreased. The dielectric properties of BaTiO3 and Ba0.99Er0.01TiO3 were investigated as a function of temperature and frequency. It revealed that the Curie temperature (TC) increased by doping Er content from 110 °C to 120 °C. Ba0.99Er0.01TiO3 exhibited the high value of dielectric constant (ε=5929) at TC of 120 °C. The capacitance-voltage characteristic revealed that the voltage breakdown for both BaTiO3 and Ba0.99Er0.01TiO3 exceeded 30 V.

scholarly journals Advances in Halloysite Nanotubes–Polysaccharide Nanocomposite Preparation and Applications

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Wu ◽  
Yongzhi Zhang ◽  
Junping Ju ◽  
Hao Yan ◽  
Xiaoyu Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Halloysite Nanotubes ◽  
Large Aspect Ratio ◽  
Swelling Properties ◽  
High Mechanical Strength ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Treatment Application

Halloysite nanotubes (HNTs), novel 1D natural materials with a unique tubular nanostructure, large aspect ratio, biocompatibility, and high mechanical strength, are promising nanofillers to improve the properties of polymers. In this review, we summarize the recent progress toward the development of polysaccharide-HNTs composites, paying attention to the main existence forms and wastewater treatment application particularly. The purification of HNTs and fabrication of the composites are discussed first. Polysaccharides, such as alginate, chitosan, starch, and cellulose, reinforced with HNTs show improved mechanical, thermal, and swelling properties. Finally, we summarize the unique characteristics of polysaccharide-HNTs composites and review the recent development of the practical applications.

Dielectric Properties and Raman Spectroscopy in Ca-Substituted Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 Ferroelectric Ceramics

2011 ◽  
Vol 324 ◽  
pp. 298-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy Jean Roukos ◽  
Olivier Bidault ◽  
Julien Pansiot ◽  
Ludivine Minier ◽  
Lucien Saviot
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Rhombohedral Phase ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
Ferroelectric Ceramics ◽  
Dielectric Measurements ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

Lead free Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 (NBT) and (Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3)1-x(CaTiO3)x (NBT-CT) piezoelectric ceramics with the perovskite structure were studied. The NBT and NBT-CT samples were synthesized using a solid-state reaction method and characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy and dielectric measurements for several compositions (x = 0, 0.07, 0.15) at room temperature. The XRD analysis showed a stabilization of a rhombohedral phase at a low concentration of Ca (0 < x <0.15), whereas Raman spectra reveal a strong modification for the sample with x = 0.15. The dielectric properties of these ceramics were studied by measuring impedance in the 79-451K temperature range for unpoled and field cooling with an electric field (FC) conditions.

scholarly journals Phase Transformation and Microstructure Characterization of Ceramic Porcelain with Different Ratio of Treated Fgd Sludge/Feldspar

2021 ◽  
Vol 2129 (1) ◽  
pp. 012092
Author(s):  
Suffi Irni Alias ◽  
Banjuraizah Johar ◽  
Syed Nuzul Fadzli Adam ◽  
Mustaffa Ali Azhar Taib ◽  
Fatin Fatini Othman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Hydraulic Press ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sludge Waste ◽  
Main Component

Abstract The porcelain formulation containing percentages of treated FGD sludge waste from 5% up to 15% in replacement of feldspar were prepared. The porcelain mixture formulation were mixed by high energy planatery mill at speed 300 rpm for 1 hours. The powder were compacted by using hydraulic press and sintered at temperature 1200 °C for 3 hours. The sintered samples were characterized using X-ray fluorescene (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Thermogravimetry/Differential scanning calorimetry (TGA/DCS). The primary effect concerning the addition of treated FGD sludge was the change of intensity composition (gypsum and anhydrate) in porcelain formulation. The XRD analysis has shown that the main component in sludge waste were gypsum and anhydrate.

MODIFICATION OF LANTHANUM OXYCHLORIDE SOLID ELECTROLYTE FOR CONVENTIONAL POTENTIOMETRIC CHLORINE GAS SENSOR

2011 ◽  
Vol 04 (02) ◽  
pp. 171-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAŁGORZATA DZIUBANIUK ◽  
PAWEŁ PASIERB ◽  
MIECZYSŁAW RĘKAS
Keyword(s):  
Solid Electrolyte ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Preparation Conditions ◽  
Chlorine Gas ◽  
Source Voltage

La 1-x Mg x OCl 1-x (x = 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1) and La 0.9 Ca 0.1 OCl 0.9 samples were prepared by a solid state reaction method. The best preparation conditions were determined by means of the differential thermal analysis and thermogravimetry (DTA&TG). The samples were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Electrical conductivity of La 0.9 Mg 0.1 OCl 0.1 was measured using electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The prototype chlorine gas sensor was constructed from La 0.9 Mg 0.1 OCl 0.1 solid electrolyte. The source voltage (SV) of the constructed device was measured as a function of temperature (500–800°C), Cl 2 gradient partial pressure and time. Similar measurements of SV was carried out in atmosphere of synthetic air in argon.

Phase Evolution and Physical Properties of (1-x)BZT-xBFN Ceramic System

2008 ◽  
Vol 55-57 ◽  
pp. 53-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Maimon ◽  
Sukum Eitssayeam ◽  
Uraiwan Intatha ◽  
Tawee Tunkasiri ◽  
G. Satittada
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Phase Evolution ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Cubic Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ceramic System ◽  
Solid State Reaction Technique ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
X Ray

Phase evolution and physical properties of (1-x)BZT–xBFN ceramic system were investigated to find the optimum condition for electronic applications. (1-x)BZT–xBFN powders were prepared by solid state reaction technique varying x from 0.2 to 0.8 and various sintering temperatures from 1350 °C to 1450 °C. Phase formation was investigated by X-ray diffraction technique. The XRD analysis demonstrated that with increasing BFN content in (1−x)BZT–xBFN, the structural change occurred from the tetragonal to the cubic phase at room temperature. Changes in the physical and mechanical properties were then related to this structural transformation depending on the BFN content.

scholarly journals Relaxor Phase Evolution of (Bi0.5Na0.5-xKx)TiO3 Ceramics due to K Ion Substitution and Their Corresponding Electrical Properties

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 455 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Yeon Cho ◽  
Eun-Young Kim ◽  
Sun Yong Kim ◽  
Thuy Linh Pham ◽  
Jin Kyu Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Phase Evolution ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
Tetragonal Structure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Conventional Solid State Reaction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structural And Electrical Properties ◽  
Ion Substitution

We synthesized lead-free piezoelectric (Bi0.5Na0.5-xKx)TiO3 (BNKT) ceramics using a conventional solid-state reaction method. We have investigated the structural and electrical properties of the materials with x = 0.05 to 0.40. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis suggests that the BNKT ceramics show the transition from rhombohedral to tetragonal structure. The ratio of the tetragonal structure increased continuously in accordance with the increasing composition of x. The sample of x = 0.10 showed a similar ratio between the tetragonal and rhombohedral structures. Frequency-dependent dielectric measurements showed a sort of relaxor properties emerged with increasing x composition, this effect may be interpreted in terms of the formation of polar nano-regions (PNRs) in samples. The value of remnant polarization (Pr) decreases rapidly as x increases beyond the point of x = 0.10 from 25.3 μC/cm2 to 5.9 μC/cm2. On the contrary, as for inverse piezoelectric coefficient (d33*), a higher value of d33* (336 pm/V) at x = 0.10, was observed when compared with x = 0.05 (d33* = 51 pm/V). These results can be explained by the formation of PNRs and their variations with the external applied field. We here propose a possible mechanism showing the effects of dipolar defects, which can be resulted from the K ion substitution on (Bi,Na)TiO3 (BNT) ceramics.

Synthesis of Polycrystalline LaYO3 with Different Sintering Temperature

2015 ◽  
Vol 819 ◽  
pp. 117-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.A. Shafiqa ◽  
M.S. Idris ◽  
C.A. Salmie Suhana ◽  
R.A.M. Osman ◽  
T.Q. Tan
Keyword(s):  
Single Phase ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Conventional Solid State Reaction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pure Phase ◽  
Perovskite Ceramic

Synthesis of LaYO3 was carried out via conventional solid state reaction method. The polycrystalline samples were sintered at temperatures in the range of 1300 °C to 1500 °C with each deviation is 50 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated that the perovskite ceramic obtained its single phase at 1500 °C with ordered monoclinic perovskite structure. The pure phase sample showed 98.79 % relative density and scanning electron micrographs also proved that the porosity of the sample reduced when sample undergo sintering.

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