scholarly journals Participation of beef cattle farmers and the effect on production

2021 ◽  
Vol 892 (1) ◽  
pp. 012081
Author(s):  
S H Suhartini ◽  
E Gunawan ◽  
J F Sinuraya ◽  
N Ilham
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
National Level ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Livestock Production ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Farmer Participation ◽  
Brood Stock ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Increasing food production can be done through increasing productivity and increasing business scale, both of them need an additional cost. Meanwhile, capital for small-scale farmers is relatively limited, so financial support is needed. At present, the Government financing support in the form of loans program is the People’s Business Credit (KUR). The objective of the study is to analyze the role of KUR in beef cattle business and the effect on increasing livestock production. The research was conducted in 2020 in Central Lampung District with a survey method of 60 farmer respondents. The study revealed that at the national level, the participation rate of beef cattle farmers in the use of KUR was only 2.71%, and in Lampung Province, it reached 7.72%. Beef cattle farmers in the study locations used KUR funds for on-farm farming. Most of the farmers (84.4%) used the funds to purchase brood stock. The KUR program has an impact on increasing the productivity of cattle for fattening 0.2 kg live weight/head/day, increasing the scale of cattle breeding, and fattening two cows and eight cows respectively per farmer. The impact of KUR on enhancing production due to increased productivity and business scale is significantly determined by the level of farmer participation in the use of KUR. It is needed to increase farmer participation in the use of KUR and the use of KUR funds to adopt recommended technology. So that, KUR has impact on increasing livestock production.

scholarly journals The Impact of Climate Change Adaptation Strategies on Income and Food Security: Empirical Evidence from Small-Scale Fishers in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7905
Author(s):  
Moh. Shadiqur Rahman ◽  
Hery Toiba ◽  
Wen-Chi Huang
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation ◽  
Substantial Effect ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Climate Change Adaptation Strategies

The impacts of climate change on marine capture fisheries have been observed in several studies. It is likely to have a substantial effect on fishers’ income and food security. This study aims to estimate the impact of adaptation strategies on fishers’ income and their household’s food security. Data were collected from small-scale fishers’ households, which own a fishing boat smaller or equal to five gross tonnages (GT). The study sites were the two coastal regions of Malang and Probolinggo in East Java, Indonesia, due to the meager socioeconomic resources caused by climate change. A probit regression model was used to determine the factors influencing the fishers’ adaptation. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to evaluate the impact of the adaptation strategies on income and food security. Food security was measured by food consumption score (FCS). The findings indicated that participation in the fishers’ group affected adaptation strategies significantly, and so did the access to credit and climate information. Also, PSM showed that the adaptation strategies had a positive and significant impact on fishers’ income and food security. Those who applied the adaptation strategies had a higher income and FCS than those who did not. This finding implies that the fishery sector’s adaptation strategies can have significant expansion outcome and reduce exposure to risks posed by climate change. Therefore, the arrangement of more climate change adaptation strategies should be promoted by the government for small-scale fishers in Indonesia.

scholarly journals Is Cut-Flower Industry Promotion by the Government Negatively Affecting Pollinator Biodiversity and Environmental/Human Health in Uganda?

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-52
Author(s):  
Bin Mushambanyi Théodore Munyuli
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Pollination Services ◽  
Toxicological Studies ◽  
The Government ◽  
Small Scale Farmers ◽  
The Impact

A study was conducted from 2010 to 2012 around the flower growing areas in central Uganda to generate baseline information on the status of pollinators. Primary data were gathered using a questionnaire that aimed at determining farmers and flower farm officials’ perceptions on the impact of activities carried out inside greenhouses on pollinators, human health, and on crop production in the surroundings. Results indicated that the quantity of pesticides and fertilizers applied daily varied among the different flower farms visited. Bee species richness and abundance varied significantly (P<0.01) according to flower farm location, to the landscape vegetation type, and to field types found in the surrounding of flower farms. Bee richness found around flower farms varied in number from 20 to 40 species in total across seasons and years. Bee density increased significantly with the increase in flower density. Small-scale farmers were aware of the value and importance of pollination services in their farming business. There was no clear evidence of a direct effect of agrochemicals application on bee communities living in the surrounding habitats. There is a need for further research to be conducted on human health risks and for toxicological studies on soils, plants, flowers, and bees in the farm landscape.

scholarly journals A Study on the Sustainability of Microfinance Institutions in Serving the Low-Income Group in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 339-353
Author(s):  
Nur Harena Redzuan ◽  
Amir Abidin Bashir
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Microfinance Institutions ◽  
Poverty Eradication ◽  
The People ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Low Income Groups ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

A microfinance scheme was introduced in Malaysia in the year 1987 as one of the alternatives to poverty eradication strategies in the country by the government. Since then, several institutions have created to carry out the agenda of providing small loans to the low-income group to start up their small-scale business to generate more sources of income to support their household consumption. However, for a certain reason, the people still do not find microfinance an important tool to uplift their economic positions. Most of the low-income groups are still unaware of this golden opportunity tailored for them. Besides, the sustainability of these subsidized microfinance systems implemented by Malaysia had not been appropriately studied. This study explores the attractiveness of the products offered by microfinance institutions and emphasizes the option that the participants must start utilizing the product. This research also explores microfinance facilities that contain conventional finance element which is prohibited in Islamic trade. The study also discusses the measures and actions taken by microfinance institutions in serving the low-income group in Malaysia. This paper employs a qualitative method through interviews and content analysis. The report, journal publications, and other related documents were also analyzed in achieving the objectives. The study provides the impact that it may pave the way to an indistinct understanding of how Islamic microfinance institutions sustain their operations.

The Impact of Globalization on Development of MSMEs

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-60
Author(s):  
Rama Mohana Rao Katta ◽  
Chandra Sekhar Patro
Keyword(s):  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
National Level ◽  
Work Conditions ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Market Opportunities ◽  
Growing Economy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Impact

Globalization has been a significant force in the development of the market and economic environments. The micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) need to focus on technological capabilities to face the competition in the globalized market. They have to analyze the market opportunities in the rapidly growing economy as well as emerging markets. The aids of a globalized and digital economy depends to an excessive extent on favourable business environments and healthy competition. The performance of MSMEs depends on accessibility to various strategic resources like abilities, technical know-how, innovativeness, and finance. Thus, it is imperative to consider the factors influencing work conditions firm level, and the strategies formulated at the national level are organized to local business perspectives. This paper examines the global scenario of MSMEs, the impact of globalization, the role of MSMEs in India, the growth perspectives of MSMEs during the pre-and post-globalization period, the critical challenges, and the role of the government in encouraging and developing MSMEs.

Investigation Of The Impact Of Networking Among Tenants In The Seda Limpopo Jewellery Incubator In South Africa

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Forbes Chiromo ◽  
Goodwell Muyengwa ◽  
Joseph Makuvaza
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Limpopo Province ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Metal Fabrication ◽  
The Government ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

AbstractThis study investigates the extent to which tenants in a jewellery incubator in the Limpopo Province of South Africa network. Since 1994 SEDA has set up more than 31 incubation centres in furniture making, construction, chemicals, jewellery, ICT, metal fabrication, agriculture and small scale mining. This study was done through a survey conducted on tenants in the SEDA Limpopo Jewellery Incubator (SLJI). Information was obtained through a structured questionnaire. The study revealed how tenants benefit from networking around exhibitions and collective purchasing of raw material. Through the Incubator institutional mechanisms, the study explains how tenants share expertise, experiences, technology and resources. Unfortunately the tenants do not initiate the own networking programmes. They lose out on benefits associated with collective effort in other areas such as advertisements, lobbying the government for industrial stands, organising an newsletter, hiring of consultants, and organising joint training programmes. Lastly the study identified opportunities that the tenants could collectively exploit in order strengthen and sustain their businesses.

scholarly journals ODL and the impact of digital divide on information access in Botswana

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olugbade Oladokun ◽  
Lenrie Aina
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Digital Divide ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Information Access ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Distance Learners ◽  
Distance Teaching ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

<p>Open and distance learning (ODL) has created room for the emergence of virtual education. Not only are students found everywhere and anywhere undertaking their studies and earning their degrees, but geographical boundaries between nations no longer appear to have much relevance. As the new education paradigm irretrievably alters the way teaching and learning is conducted, the application of modern educational ICTs has a major role to play.</p><p>With students of transnational or cross-border education dispersed into various nooks and crannies of Botswana, many others enlist for the “home-baked” distance learning programmes from their diverse locations. Like the face-to-face conventional students, distance learners also have information needs which have to be met. But blocking the distance learners’ realization of their information needs is the digital divide, which further marginalizes the underclass of “info-poor.”</p><p>The survey method was used, and a questionnaire administered to 519 students of four tertiary level distance teaching institutions that met the criteria set for the study yielded a 70.1% response rate. The results showed that while the Government of Botswana has made considerable effort to ensure country-wide access to ICT, which now constitutes an effective instrument for meeting information needs, a number of problems still exist. The factors impeding easy access are unearthed. The findings of an empirical study portraying some learners as information-rich and others, information-poor, and the consequence of distance learners studying on both sides of the digital divide, are discussed. Suggestions on bridging the digital divide are offered.</p>

scholarly journals Domestic Resources Cost Analysis of Small-Scale Beef Cattle Farming at Upstream Area of Benain-Noelmina Watershed, West Timor, East Nusa Tenggara

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agus Arnold Nalle ◽  
B. Hartono ◽  
B. Ali Nugroho ◽  
H. D. Utami
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Private Cost ◽  
Grazing System ◽  
Economic Characteristic ◽  
Cattle Farming ◽  
Age Range ◽  
West Timor

AbstractThe study aims to evaluate the Domestic Resources Cost (DRC) of beef cattle raised either on grazing, or a tethering system of small-scale beef cattle farming. The study was done using a survey method. A total of 120 respondents were selected purposively to consist of 60 farmers applying the grazing system and another 60 farmers applying the tethering system. The parameters measured were socio-economic characteristic, Domestic Resources Cost Ratio (DRCR) and Private Cost Ratio (PCR). Data were analyzed by applying a method of Policy Analysis Matrix (PAM). The result of the study indicated that 87% of those farmers involved in the grazing system and 85% of those involved in tethered beef cattle production, were within the productive age range. In the grazing system, the cattle farmers upstream of Benain-Noelmina watershed area gain the private and social profit levels which is IDR 406,284,-/AU/year and IDR 688,388,-/AU/year, respectively. Further, in the tethering system, the average of private and social profit gain is IDR 855,222,-/AU/year and IDR 1,385,712,-/AU/year, respectively. The small-scale beef cattle farming upstream of Benain-Noelmina watershed has competitive and comparative advantages, indicated by the value of PCR and DRCR which are less than 1. The PCR value was 0.41 in the grazing system and 0.71 on the tethering system; hence, the DRCR of the grazing system was 0.29 and 0.60 of the tethering system.

The Political Legacy of Lázaro Cárdenas

1983 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles H. Weston
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
National Level ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
The Political ◽  
Reform Process ◽  
Industrial Workers ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lazaro Cardenas ◽  
The Revolution

The political legacy of Lázaro Cárdenas is marked by a striking paradox. On the one hand, Cárdenas as president of Mexico from 1934 to 1940 presided over the most radical phase of the Mexican Revolution or what some historians call the “Second Revolution.” He was instrumental in organizing industrial workers and peasants at the national level and incorporating both groups into the reorganized government party, the Partido de la Revolutión Mexicana (PRM), that had as its declared purpose the establishment of a “workers' democracy” in Mexico. Under his leadership the government supported the demands of industrial workers for higher wages and improved working conditions, greatly expanded the distribution of land to the peasantry, established new welfare programs, nationalized the railroad and petroleum industries and inaugurated a program of socialist education in the public schools. The prestige of Cárdenas as the foremost leader of the radical phase of the Revolution was enhanced by the fact that he, unlike many of his contemporaries, never attempted to use political office for personal financial gain; he was not a rich man when he completed his term of office as president. At the time of his death in 1970, Cárdenas was eulogized as “the greatest figure produced by the Revolution… an authentic revolutionary who aspired to the greatness of his country, not personal aggrandizement.” On the other hand, Cárdenas was the architect of the corporatist system of interest representation, including labor, peasant and business organizations, that provided the institutional framework of what Crane Brinton has called the “Thermidor,” i.e., the conservative reaction to the radical phase of the revolutionary process, that began in Mexico in approximately 1940. The institutions developed by Cárdenas were utilized by his successors to curtail the very reforms, such as agrarian and labor reform and socialist education, that had been central to his reform program. Moreover Cárdenas facilitated the transition to a more conservative era by naming as his successor Manuel Ávila Camacho, who was known to favor a moderation of the reform process, rather than Francisco Múgica, the preferred candidate of the radicals in the government. In short, Cárdenas played a decisive role both in presiding over the radical phase of the Revolution and in launching and shaping the relatively conservative post-1940 era. The paradox of the political legacy of Cárdenas is that though the seemingly radical reforms he carried out had a lasting impact upon Mexican politics, the impact was predominantly conservative rather than radical. This essay will endeavor to explain the paradoxical political legacy of Lázaro Cárdenas by focusing upon his ideology, the institutional reforms he carried out while president, and the impact of those reforms after 1940.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF THE 2000 LAND REFORM PROGRAMME ON THE CAPITAL BLOCK, POPULARLY KNOWN AS THE ‘NEW MALAWI’

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
Calvin Phiri ◽  
Njabulo Bruce Khumalo ◽  
Mehluli Masuku
Keyword(s):  
Land Reform ◽  
Qualitative Methodology ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Mining Areas ◽  
Reform Programme ◽  
Foreign Origin ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

The 2000 land reform programme implemented by the government of Zimbabwe came with an initiative of acquiring enormous hectares of white-owned farmland and distributing it on a massive scale to small-scale farmers. Indeed the greater part of the land was taken from the white commercial farmers and distributed to the majority black Zimbabweans, leaving only a small share of the farmland in the hands of the whites. The land reform programme, undoubtedly, benefited Zimbabweans. In Zimbabwe, especially in mining areas, there are classes of Zimbabweans, those who originate from Zimbabwe, as well as those who are of foreign origin, but are Zimbabweans by birth. Zimbabweans by birth who are of foreign origin occupied an allocated A2 farm, Capital Block, located near a cement mining area, Colleen Bawn. Most of them were of Malawian origin, and the area is now popularly known as ‘New Malawi’. This study sought to investigate how Zimbabweans of foreign origin benefited from the 2000 land reform programme. The article further sought to reveal the diverse farming systems as well as Indigenous Knowledge (IK), which were passed on from the forefathers who were born in Malawi, but migrated to Zimbabwe’s mining areas in search for employment in the then Rhodesia around 1960. A qualitative methodology was used in this research, in which oral history interviews were conducted with the people living in the area of the ‘New Malawi’. The study revealed that most of the land was being used for farming purposes. Beneficiaries of the programme had become self-dependent. The study further revealed that there was knowledge sharing among the beneficiaries of different foreign origins including Zambia, Malawi, Mozambique, Botswana and those of Zimbabwean origin. Based on the findings of the study, it was concluded that the programme benefited a number of people of foreign origins who were now Zimbabweans by birth and Zimbabweans by both birth and origin were happy with these people benefiting, a situation which shows the extent to which Zimbabweans are tolerant of foreigners.

scholarly journals Pengembangan Pola Integrasi Tanaman-Ternak Merupakan Bagian Upaya Mendukung Usaha Pembibitan Sapi Potong Dalam Negeri

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambang Winarso ◽  
Edi Basuno
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
National Level ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cattle Population ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Feeder Cattle ◽  
Integration Pattern ◽  
Self Sufficiency ◽  
Cow Calf

<p><strong>English</strong><br />The beef self-sufficiency program is aimed at raising beef cattle population to meet national meat consumption. If the program is successful it will reduce imports of live cattle, feeder cattle and beef. Sustainability of this program is expected to achieve beef self-sufficiency in the future. Self-sufficiency is ability to meet domestic demand with beef import of not more than 10 percent which is not produced domestically.  Business of beef cattle breeding today is mostly conducted by small-scale farmers with cow-calf operation pattern usually integrated with other agricultural commodity farms. To increase supply of of feeder cattle and population of beef cattle population at national level it requires certain efforts. In order to enhance cattle breeding business from small-scale to medium-scale ones, some efforts are needed such as integration pattern between crops and cattle. Opportunities for integrating crops and beef cattle are promising. The farmers need to apply technologies to access cheaper feed.  Credit provision with low interest rate and less complicated procedure to the bank for animal procurement will help farmers in increasing their livestock farm scales. Assistance of extension workers and related livestock officers are critically important to farmers in dealing with their beef cattle breeding business.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Program swasembada daging sapi (PSDS) pada dasarnya merupakan kegiatan yang diarahkan untuk meningkatkan populasi sapi potong. Program tersebut diarahkan agar kebutuhan konsumsi daging secara nasional dapat terpenuhi. Keberhasilan program tersebut berimplikasi pada menurunnya prosentase impor baik sapi hidup terutama sapi bakalan maupun daging sapi. Kekurangan daging sapi secara nasional selama ini masih ditanggulangi melalui impor daging maupun sapi hidup yang nilainya cukup besar. Keberlanjutan program ini dimaksudkan agar dimasa mendatang secara perlahan diharapkan Indonesia dapat mencapai swasembada. Pengertian swasembada yang dimaksud adalah besarnya kebutuhan daging asal impor tidak lebih dari 10 persen. Besaran daging impor 10 persen tersebut merupakan daging yang memang belum dapat diproduksi di dalam negeri. Dilihat dari pelaku usaha pembibitan sapi potong saat ini, sebagian besar diusahakan  dan dikembangkan oleh usaha peternakan rakyat dengan pola produksi induk-anak (cow-calf operation) dalam usaha skala kecil dan biasanya terintegrasi dengan usaha pertanian lainnya. Untuk meningkatkan ketersediaan jumlah bibit sapi bakalan secara nasional dan dalam  upaya peningkatan populasi sapi potong diperlukan upaya–upaya tertentu. Agar usaha pembibitan ternak sapi potong dapat berkembang dari skala kecil menjadi skala menengah salah satu upaya adalah peningkatan skala usaha yang dapat diimplementasikan melalui pola integrasi antara tanaman dengan ternak sapi potong. Peluang untuk pengembangan kearah tersebut sebenarnya terbuka lebar, hanya saja diperlukan upaya serius untuk menindaklanjuti usaha tersebut. Untuk mengarah dari usaha pembibitan tradisional skala kecil ke usaha pembibitan skala menengah memang tidak mudah, banyak hal yang harus diupayakan dan diperlukan penanganan yang lebih serius oleh pemerintah terutama dalam hal peningkatan aplikasi teknologi ke peternak terutama teknologi pengadaan pakan murah dan mudah yang bisa dijangkau oleh peternak. Selain itu kebijakan penyediaan plafon kredit untuk pengadaan ternak dengan bunga rendah yang mudah diakses dengan aturan yang lebih fleksibel sangat membantu peternak dalam meningkatkan skala usaha pembibitan ternak sapi potong. Untuk semua itu, peran penyuluh maupun dinas peternakan dalam membantu peternak untuk mengatasi permasalahan dilapangan sangat dibutuhkan.</p>

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