scholarly journals Evaporation Climate Zonation Based on Observation Data in Indonesia Using Cluster Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 893 (1) ◽  
pp. 012075
Author(s):  
I D G A Putra ◽  
R B Perdana ◽  
A Sopaheluwakan ◽  
Suryadi
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Seasonal Cycle ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Evaporation Zone ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Northern Island ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
Two Peaks ◽  
Central Sumatra

Abstract Identification of regional evaporation zones is very important because information on the classification of evaporation patterns in an area can be used for various purposes, one of which is knowing the amount of water in the reservoir that is lost due to evaporation. In this study, the evaporation zone in Indonesia was created using cluster analysis. The evaporation data from 127 BMKG observation stations for 6 years from 2014 to 2019 were used after the normal monthly calculation was then standardized with mean = 0 and standard deviation = 1 to ensure that all variables were given the same weight so that it became the 127 x 12 matrix used in the analysis. Hierarchical cluster analysis was chosen to regionalize evaporation. Five different techniques are applied to initially determine the most suitable method for the area. Cluster stability is also tested. It was decided that the Ward method is the most likely to produce acceptable results in this evaporation variable. 3 different classifications of evaporation zones are found in Indonesia. Evaporation zone 1 forms a seasonal cycle with one peak evaporation that occurs with the highest peak occurring in August and the minimum evaporation occurring in February in areas in the northern and central regions of Sumatra island, eastern Kalimantan, parts of Java island, North Sulawesi and West Papua. Evaporation zone 2 forms a seasonal cycle with two peaks that occur in December and March and minimum evaporation occurs in June which is in the southern region of the island of Sumatra, almost the entire island of Kalimantan, a small part of the island of Java, central Sulawesi, the archipelago. Maluku as well as the northern island of Papua. Evaporation zone 3 forms a seasonal cycle with one peak evaporation that occurs in October and the minimum evaporation occurs in June which is in a small area of the island of Central Sumatra, South Kalimantan, the west coast of Sulawesi, and all parts of the island of Nusa Tenggara.

DRSA: a non-hierarchical clustering algorithm using k-NN graph and its application in vegetation classification

2015 ◽  
pp. 125-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Goncharenko
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Clustering Algorithms ◽  
Protein Structures ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Vegetation Classification ◽  
K Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Neighbor Graph ◽  
Nearest Neighbor Graph

In this article we proposed a new method of non-hierarchical cluster analysis using k-nearest-neighbor graph and discussed it with respect to vegetation classification. The method of k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) classification was originally developed in 1951 (Fix, Hodges, 1951). Later a term “k-NN graph” and a few algorithms of k-NN clustering appeared (Cover, Hart, 1967; Brito et al., 1997). In biology k-NN is used in analysis of protein structures and genome sequences. Most of k-NN clustering algorithms build «excessive» graph firstly, so called hypergraph, and then truncate it to subgraphs, just partitioning and coarsening hypergraph. We developed other strategy, the “upward” clustering in forming (assembling consequentially) one cluster after the other. Until today graph-based cluster analysis has not been considered concerning classification of vegetation datasets.

Quality evaluation of tugaksheeree samples by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy using multicomponent analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikunj D. Patel ◽  
Niranjan S. Kanaki
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Quality Evaluation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Attenuated Total Reflectance ◽  
Chemometric Methods ◽  
Total Reflectance ◽  
Fingerprint Region ◽  
Ftir Technique

Background: Numerous Ayurvedic formulations contains tugaksheeree as key ingredient. Tugaksheereeis the starch gained from the rhizomes of two plants, Curcuma angustifoliaRoxb. (Zingiberaceae) and Marantaarundinacea (MA) Linn. (Marantaceae). Objective: The primary concerns in quality assessment of Tugaksheeree occur due to adulteration or substitution. Method: In current study, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) technique with attenuated total reflectance (ATR) facility was used to evaluate tugaksheeree samples. Total 10 different samples were studied and transmittance mode was kept to record the spectra devoid of pellets of KBR. Further treatment was given with multi component tools by considering fingerprint region of the spectra. Multivariate analysis was performed by various chemometric methods. Result: Multi component methods like Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA)were used to discriminate the tugaksheeree samples using Minitab software. Conclusion: This method can be used as a tool to differentiate samples of tugaksheeree from its adulterants and substitutes.

Extraordinary circumstances: Covid-19 – Italian Serie A scenario

2021 ◽  
pp. 175433712110192
Author(s):  
Milan Radojicic ◽  
Aleksandar Djokovic ◽  
Nikola Cvetkovic
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster Analysis ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Round Robin ◽  
The Past ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Round Robin Tournaments

Unpredictable and uncontrollable situations have happened throughout history. Inevitably, such situations have an impact on various spheres of life. The coronavirus disease 2019 has affected many of them, including sports. The ban on social gatherings has caused the cancellation of many sports competitions. This paper proposes a methodology based on hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) that can be applied when a need occurs to end an interrupted tournament and the conditions for playing the remaining matches are far from ideal. The proposed methodology is based on how to conclude the season for Serie A, a top-division football league in Italy. The analysis showed that it is reasonable to play 14 instead of the 124 remaining matches of the 2019–2020 season to conclude the championship. The proposed methodology was tested on the past 10 seasons of the Serie A, and its effectiveness was confirmed. This novel approach can be used in any other sport where round-robin tournaments exist.

scholarly journals Sexual behaviour patterns and STI risk: results of a cluster analysis among men who have sex with men in Portugal

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e033290
Author(s):  
Karel Blondeel ◽  
Sonia Dias ◽  
Martina Furegato ◽  
Armando Seuc ◽  
Ana Gama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Sexual Behaviour ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Combination Prevention ◽  
Sex With Men

ObjectivesPortugal has the highest HIV incidence rate in Western Europe. The proportion assigned to sexual contact between men recently increased to more than 30% of all HIV infections. Men who have sex with men (MSM) are vulnerable to the acquisition of other sexually transmitted infections (STIs), increasing the per-contact risk of HIV infection. Building on syndemic theory, the aim of this analysis was to identify patterns of current sexual behaviour in MSM, and explore their relationship with self-reported current, past STI diagnoses and HIV positive serostatus.DesignA cross-sectional behavioural survey was conducted in Portugal among MSM, using a community-based participatory research approach. Hierarchical cluster analysis was used to identify patterns including behavioural and demographic factors.ResultsThe analysis resulted in six clusters. Three clusters showed higher rates of current STI diagnosis (ranging from 11.7% to 17.1%), past STI diagnosis (ranging from 25.5% to 41.5%) and HIV positive serostatus (ranging from 13.0% to 16.7%). From the three clusters scoring lower on current and past STI and HIV diagnoses, one was characterised by a high number of sexual partners (62% had more than 12 partners in the last year), a high proportion (94.6%) of frequent visits to gay venues to meet sexual partners and high alcohol use (46.1%). The other two clusters scored lower on high risk sexual behaviour.ConclusionFactors other than sexual behaviour appear to reinforce the vulnerability to STIs and HIV of some MSM in this study, suggesting a syndemic of STIs, HIV and other adverse conditions. More research is needed to better understand the drivers of the STI/HIV epidemic in Portuguese MSM, using a concept that goes beyond risk behaviour, to develop effective combination prevention interventions.

scholarly journals A Tournament Approach to Price Discovery in the U.S. Cattle Market

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Wright ◽  
Man-Keun Kim ◽  
Hernan A. Tejeda ◽  
Hwa-Neyon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Futures Markets ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Correction Model ◽  
Cattle Markets ◽  
Price Leader ◽  
Dynamic Relationships ◽  
Cattle Market ◽  
The U.S

Abstract The dominant market where information is discovered plays the role of price leader providing substantial market information to other markets. This study investigates the dynamic relationships of 30 cattle markets across regions, cattle types, and cash/futures markets. The comparison of many markets, using an error correction model, is accomplished with the introduction of a tournament with a hierarchical cluster analysis, which allows us to conclude that the leading price for the U.S. cattle markets is discovered in the futures markets for both feeder and fed cattle.

scholarly journals POS0399 TMT-BASED QUANTITATIVE PROTEOMICS ANALYSIS OF SYNOVIAL FLUID-DERIVED EXOSOMES IN RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS, AXIAL SPONDYLOARTHRITIS, GOUT AND OSTEOARTHRITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 428.3-429
Author(s):  
Y. Liu ◽  
Y. Huang ◽  
Q. Huang ◽  
Z. Huang ◽  
Z. Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Pathway Analysis ◽  
Quantitative Proteomics ◽  
Axial Spondyloarthritis ◽  
Kegg Pathway ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Kegg Pathway Analysis ◽  
Differential Proteins

Background:The pathogeneses of the joint diseases rheumatoid arthritis (RA), axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), gout, and osteoarthritis (OA) are still not fully elucidated. Exosomes in synovial fluid (SF) has a critical role in the pathogenesis of arthritis. None of study has compared the proteomics of SF-derived exosomes in RA, axSpA, gout and OA.Objectives:To compare the proteomics of SF-derived exosomes in RA, axSpA, gout and OA based on tandem mass tags (TMT) labeled quantitative proteomics technique.Methods:SF-derived exosomes was isolated from RA, axSpA, gout and OA patients by the Exoquick kit combined ultracentrifugation method. TMT labeled quantitative proteomics technique was used to compare the proteomics of SF-derived exosomes. Volcano plot, hierarchical cluster, Gene Ontologies (GO), Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis were conducted.Results:A total of 1678 credible proteins were detected. With the cut off criteria of |log2 (fold-change)| ≥1.2 and p-value <0.05, 267 (140 up-regulated and 127 down-regulated)differential proteins were found in OA vs gout, 291 (179 and 112) in axSpA vs OA, 515 (109 and 406) in RA vs axSpA, 298 (191 and 107) in axSpA vs gout, 462 (160 and 302) in RA vs gout, 536 (170 and 366) in RA vs OA. GO analysis showed that the biological progress of differential proteins were mainly enriched in the “immune response”. Regarding the molecular function, the differential proteins mainly mediated “antigen binding”. GO analysis of the cellular components indicated that most proteins were annotated as “extracellular exosomes”. KEGG pathway analysis demonstrated differential proteins were significantly enriched in “complement and coagulation cascades”. The hierarchical cluster analysis of the differential proteins in the four groups showed that Lysozyme C and Keratin were more abundant in gout, Hemoglobin and Actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 3 in OA, Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-1 and Immunoglobulin heavy constant delta in axSpA, Pregnancy zone protein and Stromelysin-1 in RA.Conclusion:The protein profiles of SF-derived exosomes in RA, axSpA, gout and OA patients were different. The differential proteins were the potential biomarkers of RA, axSpA, gout and OA.References:[1]Cretu D, Diamandis E P, Chandran V. Delineating the synovial fluid proteome: recent advancements and ongoing challenges in biomarker research.[J]. Critical reviews in clinical laboratory sciences, 2013,50(2):51-63.[2]McArdle A J, Menikou S. What is proteomics?[J]. Archives of disease in childhood. Education and practice edition, 2020.Figure 1.The hierarchical cluster analysis of differential proteins in axSpA, OA, Gout and RA.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Differential Gurmarin Suppression of Sweet Taste Responses in Rat Solitary Nucleus Neurons

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 911-923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian H. Lemon ◽  
Toshiaki Imoto ◽  
David V. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Sucrose Concentration ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Initial Response ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Induced Response ◽  
Response Suppression ◽  
Response Profiles ◽  
Neuronal Type ◽  
Concentration Series

We examined the effect of the sweet transduction blocker gurmarin on taste responses recorded from neurons in the rat solitary nucleus (NST) to determine how gurmarin sensitivity is distributed across neuronal type. Initially, responses evoked by washing the anterior tongue and palate with 0.5 M sucrose, 0.1 M NaCl, 0.01 M HCl, and 0.01 M quinine-HCl were recorded from 35 neurons. For some cells, responses to a sucrose concentration series (0.01–1.0 M) or an array of sweet-tasting compounds were also measured. Gurmarin (10 μg/ml, 2–4 ml) was then applied to the tongue and palate. Stimuli were reapplied after 10–15 min. Neurons were segregated into groups based on similarities among their initial response profiles using hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA). Results indicated that sucrose responses recorded from neurons representative of each HCA-defined class were suppressed by gurmarin. However, a disproportionate percentage of cells in each group displayed sucrose responses that were substantially attenuated after gurmarin treatment. Postgurmarin sucrose responses recorded from neurons that composed 57% of class S, 40% of class N, and 33% of class H were suppressed by ≥50% relative to control. On average, attenuation was statistically significant only in class S and N neurons. Although the magnitude of gurmarin-induced response suppression did not differ across sucrose concentration, responses to different sweet-tasting compounds were differentially affected. Responses to NaCl, HCl, or quinine were not suppressed by gurmarin. Results suggest that information from gurmarin-sensitive and -insensitive receptor processes converges onto single NST neurons.

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