scholarly journals Effect of medium type, light intensity, and photoperiod on the growth rate of microalgae Chlorococcum sp. local isolate

2021 ◽  
Vol 913 (1) ◽  
pp. 012071
Author(s):  
D S Putri ◽  
D A Sari ◽  
Marianah ◽  
S P Astuti ◽  
I G A S Wangiyana
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Light Intensity ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Water Medium ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
High Lipid ◽  
Water Media ◽  
Initial Culture ◽  
A Cell

Abstract Microalgae are microscopic organisms that are living in a watery environment, whether in fresh or seawater. As photosynthetic organisms, microalgae are the primary oxygen producers in the water. Furthermore, microalgae have various benefits for the sustainability of human beings. Chlorococcum sp. is green microalgae found in freshwater, seawater, brackish water, or even in wastewater. Publication data on this microalga are limited, but this alga is known for its high lipid content. Previously, Chlorococcum sp. was isolated from the Ampenan Estuary of Lombok Island and grown in a liquid medium using Walne’s. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum growth factors for the cultivation of Chlorococcum sp. The microalgae growth factors that were varied as treatments were the source of water medium used (distilled water, seawater, and saline water), the light intensity (2000, 25000, 3000, and 3500 lux), and the photoperiod (16: 8; 20:4; and 24:0 hours). Based on the research data, it is known that the type of water media is very influential on the productivity of microalgae. Where the highest growth of Chlorococcum sp. was produced in a medium containing saline water. In addition, the number of cells in the initial culture also affects the life span of microalgae. The treatment with the lowest initial cells caused the cell death phase to be extended, starting from the 11th day of culture. In conclusion, the optimal growth of Chlorococcum sp. occurred on the 5th day with a cell density of 323×104 cells/ml.

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN TEKNIK KULTIVASI Spirulina sp. SEBAGAI SUMBER BIOMASSA ENERGI TERBARUKAN DALAM FOTOBIOREAKTOR AIRLIFT

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Fifin Hindarti ◽  
Endah Ayuningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Microalgae Cultivation ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
High Lipid ◽  
Cultivation Technology ◽  
Conventional Diesel Fuel

The development of technology for the use of natural resources as fuel is increasing. One of them is theresearch of third generation biodisel. This technology utilizes microalgae as an environmentallyfriendly raw material which is also a renewable energy source for oil. Biodiesel from microalgaeespecially Spirulina sp. is one of the energy sources that can replace conventional diesel fuel whichhas potential for high lipid content. This study aims to develop a microalgae cultivation technology in anairlift photobioreactor by adjusting the light intensity of the LED lamp to obtain an optimal growth rateand increase the biomass production of Spirulina sp. The research was conducted on an intermediatescale using an airlift type photobioreactor with varying light intensity, namely 1600 lux, 2200 lux, and3200 lux. Each treatment was carried out three times for 14 days. Measurement of biomass weight wascalculated using the gravimetric method, by taking samples every 7 days. Based on the data obtained,the application of different light intensities to the spirulina sp. cultivation system will have an effect onthe final result in harvesting day 14th, specifically the weight of the biomass produced. The averageyield of biomass on day 14th with the best results was obtained at light intensity of 1600 as much as 623mg / 100 ml.

2,4-Dichlorophenol and MCPA in a V79 Test

1988 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 245-250
Author(s):  
Geirid Fiskesjö
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Chinese Hamster Cell ◽  
Test System ◽  
Similar Degree ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Industrial Chemicals ◽  
Allium Test ◽  
Chinese Hamster Cell Line ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Mutagenic Effects

Two industrial chemicals, 2,4-dichlorophenol and 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA), which have no toxic effects on the Chinese hamster cell line V79 alone, were tested for toxicity and mutagenicity in a cell-mediated test, where mixed-function oxidase (MFO) enzymes are active in the metabolism of xenobiotics. For 2,4-dichlorophenol, a dose-dependent toxicity as well as a slight mutagenicity could be shown when oxygenation enzymes were present. A similar degree of toxicity in a plant test system (the Allium test) indicates a similar risk of damage from exposure to dichlorophenol treatments in both these systems. MCPA did not induce any toxic or mutagenic effects at the concentrations tested. These results were not in agreement with previous results in plant material, where MCPA was clearly toxic at relatively low doses. However, since chlorophenols have been found in plants sprayed with phenoxyacetic acids, further investigations should be performed concerning potential risk to human beings.

Collagen fibrous scaffolds for sustained delivery of growth factors for meniscal tissue engineering

Nanomedicine ◽  
2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jihye Baek ◽  
Kwang Il Lee ◽  
Ho Jong Ra ◽  
Martin K Lotz ◽  
Darryl D D'Lima
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Sustained Release ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Synovial Cell ◽  
Growth Factor Delivery ◽  
Meniscal Tissue ◽  
A Cell

Aim: To mimic the ultrastructural morphology of the meniscus with nanofiber scaffolds coupled with controlled growth factor delivery to modulate cellular performance for tissue engineering of menisci. Methods: The authors functionalized collagen nanofibers by conjugating heparin to the following growth factors for sustained release: PDGF-BB, TGF-β1 and CTGF. Results: Incorporating growth factors increased human meniscal and synovial cell viability, proliferation and infiltration in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo; upregulated key genes involved in meniscal extracellular matrix synthesis; and enhanced generation of meniscus-like tissue. Conclusion: The authors' results indicate that functionalizing collagen nanofibers can create a cell-favorable micro- and nanoenvironment and can serve as a system for sustained release of bioactive factors.

Platelet-Rich Plasma in Tissue Engineering: Hype and Hope

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 265-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siegmund Lang ◽  
Markus Loibl ◽  
Marietta Herrmann
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Cell Culture ◽  
Growth Factors ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Engineering Applications ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Platelet Suspension ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Promising Source

Background: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) refers to an enriched platelet suspension in plasma. In addition to the clinical application of PRP in the context of various orthopedic diseases and beyond, PRP and platelet lysate (PL) have been in focus in the field of tissue engineering. In this review, we discuss the application of PRP as a cell culture supplement and as part of tissue engineering strategies, particularly emphasizing current hurdles and ambiguities regarding the efficacy of PRP in these approaches. Summary: As a putative autologous replacement for animal-derived supplements such as fetal calf serum (FCS), PRP has been applied as cell culture supplement for the expansion of stem and progenitor cells for tissue engineering applications and cell therapies. Attributed to the high content of growth factors in platelets, PRP has been shown to promote cell growth, which was mostly superior to standard cultures supplemented with FCS, while the differentiation capacity of progenitor cells seems not to be affected. However, it was also suggested that cultivation of cells with PRP significantly alters the protein expression profile in cells in comparison to FCS, indicating that the influence of PRP on cell behavior should be thoroughly investigated. Moreover, different PRP preparation methods and donor variations have to be considered for the use of PRP under good manufacturing practice conditions. PRP has been used for various tissue engineering applications in the context of bone, cartilage, skin, and soft tissue repair, where most studies were conducted in the field of bone tissue engineering. These approaches take either advantage of the release of chemoattractive, angiogenic, proliferative, and putatively pro-regenerative growth factors from PRP, and/or the hydrogel properties of activated PRP, making it suitable as a cell delivery vehicle. In many of these studies, PRP is combined with biomaterials, cells, and in some cases recombinant growth factors. Although the experimental design often does not allow conclusions on the pro-regenerative effect of PRP itself, most publications report beneficial effects if PRP is added to the tissue-engineered construct. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that the release of growth factors from PRP may be tailored and controlled when PRP is combined with materials able to capture growth factors. Key Messages: Platelet-derived preparations such as PRP and PL represent a promising source of autologous growth factors, which may be applied as cell culture supplement or to promote regeneration in tissue-engineered constructs. Furthermore, activated PRP is a promising candidate as an autologous cell carrier. However, the studies investigating PRP in these contexts often show conflicting results, which most likely can be attributed to the lack of standardized preparation methods, particularly with regard to the platelet content and donor variation of PRP. Ultimately, the use of PRP has to be tailored for the individual application.

scholarly journals Organic Business Modeling and the Organism-Ecosystem Unit Duality

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-43
Author(s):  
Paul Jordan Washburn
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Marginal Utility ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Ripple Effect ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Business Modeling ◽  
Annual Consumption ◽  
The U.S

The health of a corporation relies most heavily upon healthy human beings' value-based productivity for optimal growth and evolution. A duality between personhoods and their respective systems' weighted impacts are in question, as the U.S. Healthcare industries weighted impact affects all other U.S.-GDP subsectors. The author performed an analysis of 21 main U.S.-GDP subsectors based on unclassified 1960-2014 U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis reports. The author derived a [Consumption:Value] ratio-based equation, demonstrating results in [0.0,2.0] and U.S. dollar scales. The U.S.-GDP-Healthcare subsector increased its average annual consumption by $122,232,000,000 and was part of the U.S.-GDP's 71.4% demonstrating a reduced value ratio between 1960-1969 and 2005-2014. The author describe a weighted duality of personhoods classification, a potential ripple effect violation, and presents a new description of a pathologic, malignant organic business model due to a negatively balanced [Consumption:Value] alteration. These findings highlight reduced marginal utility and value of the U.S.-Healthcare subsector.

Growth performance of Alexandrium catenella from the Chilean fjords under different environmental drivers: plasticity as a response to a highly variable environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Paredes-Mella ◽  
Daniel Varela ◽  
Pamela Fernández ◽  
Oscar Espinoza-González
Keyword(s):  
Light Intensity ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
N:P Ratio ◽  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Variable Environment ◽  
Alexandrium Catenella

Abstract Alexandrium catenella, the main species associated with harmful algal blooms, has progressively increased its distribution through one of the most extensive and highly variable fjord systems in the world. In order to understand this successful expansion, we evaluated the effects of different salinities, light intensity, temperatures, nitrogen (N) forms and nitrogen/phosphate (N:P) ratio levels on the growth performance, using clones isolated from different locations across its wide geographic distribution. Results showed that the growth responses were plastic and, in some cases, different reaction norms among clones were observed. Despite plasticity, the optimal growth of A. catenella (i.e. highest growth rate and highest maximal cells density) was reached within a narrow thermal range (12–15°C), while salinity (20–30 PSU) and light intensity (20–120 μmol m−2 s−1) ranges were wider. These results are partially consistent with the highest cell densities recorded in the field. Furthermore, optimal growth was reached using reduced forms of nitrogen (i.e. urea and NH4+) and in unbalanced N:P ratios (18:1 and 30:1). These characteristics likely allow A. catenella to grow in highly variable environmental conditions and might partly explain the recent expansion of this species.

scholarly journals miR-106B-25 Cluster expression: a comparative human and canine osteosarcoma study

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e000379
Author(s):  
Leonardo Leonardi ◽  
Maria Serena Benassi ◽  
Serena Pollino ◽  
Carmen Locaputo ◽  
Laura Pazzaglia
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Response ◽  
Bone Tumour ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Variable Expression ◽  
Proliferation And Apoptosis ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Primary Malignant Bone Tumour ◽  
Biological Aspects ◽  
Improve Patient

BackgroundOsteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumour in dogs and human beings, characterised by similar genetic and clinical features. With the aim to define similarities and differences in the biological aspects involved in OS progression, a comparative study was performed to create a model to improve patient outcome.MethodsFirst, the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) belonging to the cluster miR-106b-25 (miR-106b, miR-25 and miR-93-5p) in human and canine OS tissue was compared.ResultsmiR-25 and miR-106b presented a variable expression not significantly different from the corresponding normal bone, while miR-93-5p expression was increased in all OS specimens, with higher levels in the canine subset compared with human. Accordingly, its target p21 presented a weaker and less homogeneous immunostaining distribution in the canine group. Given the high expression of miR-93-5p in all OS specimens, the functional response of human 143B and canine DAN OS cells to miRNA inhibition was evaluated. Although p21 expression increased after miR-93-5p inhibition both at mRNA and protein level, a more significant cell response in terms of proliferation and apoptosis was seen in canine OS cells.ConclusionsIn conclusion, canine OS tissue and cell line presented higher expression levels of miR-93-5p than human OS. In addition, the introduction of miR-93-5p inhibitor caused a cell response in 143B and DAN that differed for the more intense functional impact in the canine OS cell line.

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