scholarly journals Environmental and innovation problems of Russia in the context of the transition to an energy efficient economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 937 (4) ◽  
pp. 042013
Author(s):  
N A Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Resource Efficiency ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Green Technologies ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Balanced Development ◽  
Green Development ◽  
Production Wastes ◽  
Useful Components ◽  
Depth And Complexity

Abstract The relevance of the study is determined by the fact that the modern ecological situation necessitates the transition of the branches of the national economy from technogenic to sustainable and ecologically balanced development. These processes will be facilitated by the greening of the economy through the modernization of processing industries through the introduction of innovative technological processes that will increase the depth and complexity of processing, which will increase the resource efficiency of the use of hydrocarbons, as well as reduce environmental risks. In the context of an increasing shortage of non-renewable resources, aggravation of environmental problems, introduction of resource-saving and resource-efficient innovative “green” technologies aimed at producing new types of “green” products is a prerequisite for the successful development of the economy and preserving the environment. The novelty of the study is due to the achievement of the “decoupling” effect, which implies an increase in the resource efficiency of the use of raw materials while reducing environmental risks. This implies the creation of such conditions under which, based on the modernization of the economy through innovative technologies that allow meeting the growing needs, the minimization of the use of hydrocarbon resources will be ensured. The most important direction of Russia’s transition to “green development” is to increase the complexity of the use of raw materials, increase the depth of processing, Nelson’s complexity coefficient economically justified extraction of all useful components contained in raw materials and production wastes extracted from hydrocarbon raw materials. The main factor in reducing the burden on the environment, reducing resource intensity is innovative transformations based on the comprehensive use of environmentally friendly low-waste technologies.

scholarly journals Development of resource saving and resource efficiency as the most important factor in the industrial development in the Arctic

2020 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
pp. 03001
Author(s):  
Janna Mankulova ◽  
Alexander Vorotnikov
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Resource Efficiency ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Policy System ◽  
Secondary Resources ◽  
Recycling Industry ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Systemic Nature

Research in the sphere of the Arctic industrial development often leads to the identification of clear regulatory gaps of a systemic nature. A particular example is the issue of legislative regulation of the involvement of secondary raw materials, fuel and energy resources in economic use and property turnover in the context of resource conservation and resource efficiency. In this case, secondary resources are not subject to independent regulation in general, but only as one of the elements of activities related to environmental protection. Accordingly, the conditions for the development of a system of production and consumption wastes’ effective management, the creation of a recycling industry, including the reuse of such waste, have not been formed yet. The results of the analysis given in this research paper clearly indicate the lack of development of mechanisms for stimulating the use of non-target materials and substances. Industrial enterprises that use secondary resources in production do not currently receive special advantages within the framework of the implemented industrial policy. System benefits are universal and directly related to commodity production only. However, it is necessary to apply measures to encourage industrial activities to implement projects involving the reuse of secondary resources in production, including in the Russian Arctic.

FEATURES OF FOOD PRODUCTION DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF RESOURCE-SAVING MANAGEMENT APPROACHES

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 80-92
Author(s):  
V. N. POPOV ◽  
◽  
I. P. BOGOMOLOVA ◽  
I. N. VASILENKO ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Resource Conservation ◽  
Subject Area ◽  
Resource Efficiency ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Management Approaches ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Domestic Food

In the article, the key aspects of implementing resource-saving principles, methods and approaches in domestic food production are updated and considered. In particular, we investigated in detail the following issues of the subject area of scientific research: factors and causes of the actualization of questions of increase of level of resource conservation and resource efficiency of national economies; the degree of thoroughness and validity of the research subject; domestic regulatory framework for increasing resource efficiency in industrial production; dynamics of formation and processing of food waste in the Russian Federation; foreign experience in the field of support and promotion of resource-saving technologies; reasons for updating the issues of improving resource conservation in domestic food production; tasks of economic analysis in the context of finding in-house reserves of savings and rational use of material resources; the most relevant areas of use of food waste and secondary raw materials were identified; the most promising areas of improving the resource efficiency of food production in the context of ease of implementation and utility.

RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF CERAMIC MASSES: IMPROVEMENT BY COMPLEX MATERIAL ACTIVATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 334-351
Author(s):  
A. S. Mavlyanov ◽  
E. K. Sardarbekova
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Properties ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sensitivity Coefficient ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Clay Material ◽  
Fibrous Materials ◽  
Chemical Production ◽  
Production Wastes ◽  
Pass Through ◽  
The Masses

Introduction. The objective of the research is to study the effect of the complex activation of the alumina raw material on the rheological properties of the ceramic mass. In addition, the authors investigate solutions for the application of optimal coagulation structures based on loams and ash together with plastic certificates.Materials and methods. The authors used the local forest like reserves of clay loams at the BashKarasu, ash fields of the Bishkek Central Heating Centre (BTEC) and plasticizer (sodium naphthenate obtained from alkaline chemical production wastes) as fibrous materials. Moreover, the authors defined technological properties of raw materials within standard laboratory methodology in accordance with current GOSTs.Results. The researchers tested plastic durability on variously prepared masses for the choice of optimal structures. The paper demonstrated the plastic durability of complexly activated compounds comparing with non-activated and mechanically activated compounds. The sensitivity coefficient increased the amount of clay loams by mechanically and complexly activated, which predetermined the possibility of intensifying the process of drying samples based on complexly activated masses.Discussion and conclusions. However, mechanical activation of clay material reduces the period of relaxation and increases the elasticity coefficient of ceramic masses by 1.8–3.4 times, meanwhile decreases elasticity, viscosity and the conventional power during molding, which generally worsens the molding properties of the masses. Сomplex activation of ash-clay material decreases the period of relaxation and provides an increase in elasticity, plasticity of ceramic masses by 46–47%, reduction in viscosity by 1.5–2 times, conventional power on molding by 37–122% in comparison with MA clay loams. Ceramic masses based on spacecraft alumina raw materials belong to the SMT with improved rheological properties; products based on them pass through the mouthpiece for 5–7 seconds.

scholarly journals Energy and resource saving raw materials for dactyloscopy

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 01017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyubov F. Ikonnikova ◽  
Kseniya V. Ikonnikova ◽  
Ekaterina A. Koltunova
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Resource Saving

scholarly journals INNOVATIVE PROCESSES OF DEEP AND ENVIRONMENTALLY SAFE PROCESSING OF TECHNOGENIC RAW MATERIALS IN THE CONDITIONS OF NEW ECONOMIC CHALLENGES

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 224-237
Author(s):  
Valentin CHANTURIA ◽  
◽  
Irina SHADRUNOVA ◽  
Olga GORLOVA ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Secondary Products ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Mineral Raw Materials ◽  
The Face ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials

Innovative processes of deep and complex processing of technogenic raw materials in the context of sustainable development of the mining industry and the economic challenges facing the mining industry should ensure the transition to a circular economy and the maximum use of natural resources. The article reflects the priority scientific and technological research on the involvement of technogenic mineral resources in efficient processing. Presented, developed at ICEMR RAS, including jointly with universities, research and production organizations and enterprises, modern innovative processes of deep and environmentally friendly processing of refractory mineral raw materials of complex material composition (tailings of enrichment of non-ferrous and noble metal ores, poor off-balance ores, slags ferrous and nonferrous metallurgy, sludge of metallurgical production) and hydro-mineral technogenic resources (acidic mineralized bottom-dump waters of mining enterprises of the copper-zinc complex of the Urals, saponite-containing circulating waters of diamond processing factories). Among other things, new directions in the field of selective disintegration of finely dispersed mineral raw materials based on energy effects and deep processing of slags are outlined; increasing the selectivity of enrichment processes; combined processing of technogenic raw materials; resource-saving processing of technogenic and hydro-mineral resources, obtaining secondary products from processing waste. It is shown that in the face of new economic challenges, Russia has sufficient scientific and technological potential in the field of deep and environmentally safe processing of technogenic raw materials in the form of developed and, to varying degrees, tested innovative resource-saving technologies that correspond to the world level, and in a number of technologies are superior to it.

scholarly journals Convective Drying at Fish Chips Technology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Pokholchenko ◽  
Aleksandra Smirnova ◽  
Yana Glukhikh
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Convective Drying ◽  
Fish Processing ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Modes Of Processing ◽  
Minced Fish

The article presents the overview of the main technological processes in fish structured products dehydration. The rational modes of the technological process of minced fish raw materials with various initial moisture and fat content heat treatment are determined. One of the main tasks of the fish processing industry development which allows increasing the profitability of products and their quality is improving technological processes. The scientifically substantiated choice of resource and energy-saving modes of processing food materials is highly important in this case. It will reduce not only production costs but also emissions of harmful substances into the environment and increase the efficiency of using equipment. It must be taken into consideration that the optimization of dehydration technological processes without identifying their patterns is extremely difficult. Increasing efficiency and controlling technological processes makes sense only on the basis of patterns. The effectiveness of the hydrobionts processing determines the quality and cost of finished products manufacturing while fish processing enterprises working. The development and implementation of highly efficient technologies with the use of resource-saving technical systems, for example, using heat pumps, makes it possible to produce cost-effective high-quality products.

VETERINARY AND SANITARY ASSESSMENT AND METHODS OF DECONTAMINATION OF FOOD RAW MATERIALS, THE ENVIRONMENT IN THE CLUSTER PRODUCTION OF RABBIT PRODUCTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-262
Author(s):  
B.V. Usha ◽  
◽  
E.M. Lenchenko ◽  
N.S. Loginova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
Balance Of Nature ◽  
Useful Components ◽  
Complete Extraction ◽  
Epizootic Process ◽  
Scientific Substantiation ◽  
Reduction Of Emissions ◽  
Technical Products ◽  
Production Losses

Based on the analysis of extensive and intensive indicators of the epizootic process, identification of general patterns of development of polyvid biofilms of microorganisms of various systematic groups, the effectiveness of methods for decontamination of food raw materials and the environment during the cluster production of rabbit breeding products is scientifically justified and experimentally confirmed. The main goal is creation of comprehensive antiepizootic measures for effective of production sphere and preserving the ecological balance of nature during the complex processing of agricultural raw materials, the most complete extraction of valuable components from it, recycling of production waste. For the prevention of infectious diseases of rabbits with the involvement in the economic turnover of secondary raw materials and waste of the rabbit breeding complex in order to reduce waste and production losses, it is advisable to develop processes for obtaining new types of products and additives that improve the nutritional and biological value; improve technologies for the production of full-fledged, enriched with useful components of feed; develop technological processes for the production of technical products from waste; development of technical means and processes that ensure the reduction of emissions and their conversion to environmentally friendly forms, intensification of the degree of wastewater treatment. Scientific substantiation of the effectiveness of the methodology of epizootic monitoring of infectious pathology of animals in the future will allow optimizing the schemes of microbiological studies and developing comprehensive anti-epizootic measures in the cluster production of rabbit breeding products.

RESOURCE-SAVING TECHNOLOGY FOR PROCESSING MEDICINAL SAGE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Т.В. ПЕЛИПЕНКО
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Flow Diagram ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Process Flow Diagram ◽  
Full Flowering ◽  
Active Substances

Исследованы потенциальные возможности ресурсосберегающей технологии переработки шалфея лекарственного (ШЛ). Объектом исследования были образцы эфирномасличного сырья – свежеубранные надземные части ШЛ в фазе полного цветения растения и сухие листья ШЛ. Предложенная схема переработки включает следующие стадии: получение эфирного масла; извлечение конкрета из обезэфиренных отходов экстракцией углеводородным растворителем и последующей его отгонкой; получение абсолютного масла и очищенных восков из конкрета отходов; извлечение дитерпеновых соединений экстракцией этиловым спиртом из отходов сырья после обработки гексаном. В результате исследований фракционного состава сырья и особенностей локализации эфирного масла установлено, что массовая доля эфирного масла составляет, % к сухой массе исследуемых фракций: в листьях и соцветиях 2,75, в стеблях 0,31. Рекомендовано введение ограничительных норм по соотношению технически ценной фракции – листьев и соцветий и балластной – стеблей. Полученное из ШЛ эфирное масло имеет высокое содержание туйонов (31,50%), камфоры (21,0%) и 1,8-цинеола (18,80%). Выход дитерпеновых соединений при комплексной переработке эфирномасличного сырья ШЛ на 38,0% ниже, чем из сухих листьев растения. Однако при расчете на сухую массу листьев и соцветий, составляющих 62,3% от массы сырья, показатели отличаются незначительно. Общий выход продуктов, содержащих комплекс биологически активных веществ, составил 15,53 %, что подтверждает целесообразность использования комплексной переработки шалфея лекарственного. The potential of resource-saving technology for processing medicinal sage (MS) has been studied. Samples of essential oil raw materials-freshly harvested aboveground parts of MS in the phase of full flowering of the plant and dry leaves of MS were the object of research. The proposed process flow diagram includes the following stages: obtaining essential oil; recovering a particular from deester waste by extraction with a hydrocarbon solvent and its subsequent distillation; obtaining absolute oil and refined waxes from a specific waste; extraction of diterpene compounds from raw waste after treatment with hexane by extraction with ethyl alcohol. As a result of studies of the fractional composition of raw materials and the features of localization of essential oil, it was found that the mass fraction of essential oil is, % of the dry mass of the studied fractions: 2,75 in leaves and inflorescences, and 0,31 in stems. The introduction of restrictive norms on the ratio of technically valuable fraction – leaves and inflorescences and ballast – stems is recommended. The essential oil obtained from MS has a high content of tuyons (31,50%), camphor (21,0%) and 1,8-cineol (18,80%). The yield of diterpene compounds in the complex processing of essential oil raw materials MS is 38,0% lower than from dry leaves of the plant. However when calculating the dry mass of leaves and inflorescences, which make up 62,3% of the mass of raw materials, the indicators differ slightly. The total yield products containing a complex of biologically active substances amounted to 15,53%, which confirms the feasibility of complex processing of medicinal sage.

THE RESOURCE SAVING PROBLEMS SAVING CONSIDERING SPECIFICS OF SEVERAL 2D PLACEMENT TASKS

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
I. Kushcheva ◽  
E. Khukhryanskaya
Keyword(s):  
Complex Geometry ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Resource Saving

Specific tasks of regular dense 2D placement of objects of different metric characteristics in a close non-binded area of a complex geometry, oriented for CAD applications are highlighted in this work. Methods of minimizing losts of consumed raw materials were analysed with the basement of provided unified geometric model.

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